2024外研版英语 八年级下册
Module 4 Seeing the doctor
★★ 综合训练
一、完形填空
Now，more and more people walk to keep healthy.Do you know（1） ？Here are some important reasons.
Walking makes your（2） strong.
If you walk more，you can make your heart stronger.A 30﹣minute walk every day（3） you to stay away from high blood pressure（高血压）.
Walking helps you become thin.
If you walk two miles an hour，you will burn （燃烧） about seventy﹣five calories（卡路里）.（4） you walk three miles an hour，you will burn about ninety﹣nine calories.So it's really a good（5） to keep thin.
Walking help s old people not forget things easily.
If old people can walk six miles or more every week，they will be able to（6） things better.
Walking in the sun helps you get enough vitamin（ 维生素）D.
We all need to get enough vitamin D to keep healthy.（7） is a perfect way for you to do sports and get enough vitamin D at the（8） time.
Walking gives you energy（能量）.
Walking makes you become（9） and have enough energy.
Walking makes you relaxed.
Walking makes you feel good.You can feel less（10） and more relaxed if you walk.So why not have a try now？
（1） A．why B．where C．how D．who
（2） A．stomach B．teeth C．heart D．feet
（3） A．calls B．helps C．tells D．leaves
（4） A．Because B．Till C．When D．Although
（5） A．time B．way C．place D．price
（6） A．remember B．make C．discover D．enjoy
（7） A．Going to school B．Going to bed C．Taking a walk D．Taking a photo
（8） A．short B．long C．wrong D．same
（9） A．braver B．stronger C．prouder D．calmer
（10） A．worried B．excited C．helpful D．careful
二、阅读理解
A
About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin （维生素）D every day.But this vitamin is very important for your health.
Vitamin D is really important for our bones（骨骼）.When we are young，vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong.When we are older，we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong.Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth.Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day.But our bodies can't make vitamin D.So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.
Where can a person get this very important vitamin？Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs.Sometimes，vitamin D is added to bread，milk，and orange juice.Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D.The sun also gives us vitamin D.If we want to be healthy，we should spend some time in the sun each day.Too much sun is not good for you，but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough.And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D，too.
（1）The writer says that vitamin D .
A．makes our bones strong
B．keeps our hair clean
C．is not necessary for our teeth
D．is harmful to our hearts
（2）Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies？
A．It makes us popular.
B．It helps us eat more food.
C．Our bodies can't make vitamin D.
D．The more vitamin D，the better.
（3）According to the writer，people can get vitamin D by .
A．eating fish
B．watching TV
C．working hard
D．having a sleep
（4）How long are we advised to spend in the sun each day？
A．About 15 minutes.
B．About 45 minutes.
C．About 1 hour.
D．About 2 hours.
（5）Paragraph 3 mainly tells us .
A．what vitamin D is
B．where we can get vitamin D
C．how much vitamin D we need
D．why people don't like vitamin D
B
Now，more and more people have difficulties in falling asleep. "In fact，we can train our brain to fall asleep，" says sleep expert Michael Grandner.Here are his top ways.
Make a plan and stick to it.
Melatonin （褪黑素） is produced by the body to control when you get sleepy and when you wake up.As night falls，the levels of melatonin rise，telling the body that it's time for bed.And the levels naturally fall as daylight comes near，getting you ready to greet the day.
The release （释放） of melatonin needs to be at regular （有规律的） times.So if your bedtime and wake﹣up time change from day to day，your body doesn't know how to respond （回应）.So it's important to have a regular bedtime and wake﹣up time，even on weekends.
Don't lie in bed awake.
In fact，this way is very helpful.Whether it's the beginning of the night or the middle of the night，if you've been awake for 20 or 30 minutes，get up.Maybe you just need five minutes to get sleepy，or maybe an hour，but don't spend that time awake in bed.
Change your attitude （态度） about sleep.
Many people regard sleeping as the final thing in a busy day，so they would rather delay sleeping to do housework，schoolwork or others.That thought needs to be changed.Make sure your sleep time is enough in order to work better the next day.It may sound like a small change，but it's an important one.
（1）Michael Grandner gives us ways in this passage.
A．one
B．two
C．three
D．four
（2）When do the levels of melatonin rise？
A．When you're tired.
B．When night falls.
C．When you feel sleepy.
D．When daylight comes.
（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？
A．A rise in melatonin levels tells the body it's the bedtime.
B．Enough sleep time can't make you work better the next day.
C．It's not necessary for us to sleep or wake up at a regular time.
D．It's best to stay in bed if you're awake too long during the night.
（4）What does the underlined word "delay" mean in Chinese？
A．暗示
B．督促
C．调理
D．推迟
（5）What is the passage mainly about？
A．The importance of sleeping well.
B．The change of bedtime and wake﹣up time.
C．When to go to bed and wake up.
D．How to train your brain for better sleep.
三、回答问题
When I was a kid，I often played basketball.So I was thin but healthy.When I was about 15，I stopped playing basketball.I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before.Between 15 and 17，I put on （增加） a lot of weight（重量）— about 50 kg.
I didn't know how big I was until I saw a photo of myself one day.In the photo，I had a fat neck and my stomach was out there.I hated the way I looked.I knew I needed to lose some weight.I started to drink only water，and eat less and healthier.I ate mainly vegetables and only one piece of meat every day，and stayed away from sugar.I also started to exercise.Every day，I ran for 30 minutes first，and then I did some push﹣ups（俯卧撑）for 10 minutes.I also jumped rope for 15 minutes every day.I kept exercising the whole winter.When March came，many people said to me，"Oh，Dave，you have a great change!"
Success comes from hard work.It was true.I had lost 25 kg in three months.I liked taking photos，and I noticed the difference in my looks.I loved the three months.It felt good to lose weight，and it felt even better to set a goal（目标）and go for it.
What did Dave look like when he was a kid？
When did Dave decide to lose weight？
How long did Dave run every day？
Did Dave feel happy when he lost weight？
What's the best title of the passage？
四、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
But healthy eat we way from easy also good child
Dear Abby，
Everyone wants to have a healthy body，but how to stay healthy？Different people have different（1） .
Last week，I saw two very fat students go into an ice cream shop.They sat down and began to enjoy their sweet food.Then they went to a （2） club to have exercise.Because they wanted to be healthy. （3） they had some bad eating habits.
We know that healthy（4） is a way to keep fit.It is very important for us to give （5） body the energy.The energy should come （6） rice，bread，vegetables and fruit.We（7） need to drink a lot of water from six to eight glasses a day.Now many（8） eat different kinds of unhealthy foods，such as potato chips.People become fatter and walk more slowly than before.They feel tired（9） .
In fact，doing sports can also help keep healthy.When we exercise，it can make us relax.It can even help us sleep（10） at night.
In short，we not only need healthy eating but also need exercise.
五、书面表达
请根据下面表格提示以How to Keep Healthy为题写一篇 80词左右的短文。
Good habits Bad habits
get up early keep long fingernails
do exercise every day stay up late
eat fruit and vegetables eat junk food
talk with friends play computer games for a long time
参考答案
完形填空
【答案】ACBCB ACBDA
【分析】本文介绍了散步对我们身体的几个好处：1.使你的心脏强壮；2.使你苗条，更瘦；3.有助于老人不容易忘事；4.散步让你精力充沛；5.散步使你放松心情。
【解答】（1）考查疑问词。句意：你知道为什么吗？A.why为什么；B.where哪里；C.how如何；D.who谁。根据下一句Here are some important reasons.（这里有一些重要的原因.）可知，用疑问词why提问，故选A。
（2）考查名词。句意：知散步使心脏强壮。A.stomach胃；B.teeth牙齿；C.heart心脏；D.feet足。根据下一段的If you walk more，you can make your heart stronger.（如果你多散步，就能使你的心脏更强壮。）可知散步使心脏强壮。故选C。
（3）考查动词。句意：每天散步30分钟有助于你远离高血压。A.calls呼叫；B.helps帮助；C.tells告诉；D.leaves离开。根据常识可知，散步有助于减少高血压发病率。故选B。
（4）考查连词。句意：当你每小时走三英里时，你将会燃烧大约99卡路里。A.Because因为，引导原因状语从句；B.Till直到；C.When当......时，引导时间状语从句。D.Although虽然，尽管，引导让步状语从句；根据句意用when。故选C。
（5）考查名词。句意：所以真的是保持身材的好方法。A.time时间；B.way办法；C.place地方；D.price价格。每天坚持散步3英里是一个方法。故选B。
（6）考查动词。句意：如果老年人每周能走六英里或更多，他们就能更好地记住事情。A.remember记忆；B.make制作；C.discover发现；D.enjoy享受。上一句提到散步有助于老人不容易忘记事情，可知散步有助于提高记忆能力。故选A。
（7）考查动词短语。句意：散步是一种完美的运动方式，同时可以获得足够的维生素D。A.Going to school上学；B.Going to bed上床睡觉；C.Taking a walk散步；D.Taking a photo 拍照片。根据常识可知，只有散步是运动。故选C。
（8）考查形容词。句意：散步是一种完美的运动方式，同时可以获得足够的维生素D。A.short短的；B.long长的；C.wrong错误的；D.same 同样的。短语at the same time意为"同时"。故选D。
（9）考查形容词。句意：散步让你变得更强壮，有足够的能量。A.braver更勇敢的；B.stronger更强壮的；C.prouder更骄傲的；D.calmer比较平静的。根据上文和生活常识，散步使你更强壮，可知选B。
（10）考查形容词。句意：如果你散步，就会感觉更不那么担心和更轻松。A.worried担心的；B.excited激动的 C.helpful有用的；D.careful小心的。和放松的相反的的担心的。故选A。
二、阅读理解
A
【答案】ACAAB
【分析】本文主要介绍了维生素D的重要性以及人们可以从哪些途径获取维生素D。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段When we are young，vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong.（当我们年轻的时候，维生素D使我们的骨骼强壮。）可知维生素D使我们的骨骼强壮。故选：A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段But our bodies can't make vitamin D.（但我们的身体无法合成维生素D。）可知我们的身体无法合成维生素D。故选：C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs.（维生素D 存在于鱼和鸡蛋等食物中。）可知我们可以通过吃鱼获得维生素D，故选：A。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段Too much sun is not good for you，but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough.（太多的阳光对你没有好处，但是每天15分钟通常就足够了。）可知15分钟的太阳光就足够了，故选：A。
（5）段落大意题。根据第3段Where can a person get this very important vitamin？（一个人从哪里可以得到这种非常重要的维生素？）可知这段介绍了维生素D的获取，故选：B。
B
【答案】CBADD
【分析】文章主要讲如何训练大脑以获得更好的睡眠。
【解答】（1）归纳总结题。根据Make a plan and stick to it.（制定一个计划并坚持下去。） Don't lie in bed awake.（不要醒着躺在床上。）Change your attitude （态度） about sleep.（改变你对睡眠的态度。）可知迈克尔 格兰德纳在这篇文章中给了我们三种方法。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据As night falls，the levels of melatonin rise，telling the body that it's time for bed.（夜幕降临时，褪黑素水平升高，告诉身体该睡觉了。）可知，当夜幕降临，褪黑素水平何时上升。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据As night falls，the levels of melatonin rise，telling the body that it's time for bed.（夜幕降临时，褪黑素水平升高，告诉身体该睡觉了。）可知，根据文章，褪黑素水平的升高告诉身体该睡觉了，是正确的。故选A。
（4）词义猜测题。根据上下文Many people regard sleeping as the final thing in a busy day，so they would rather delay sleeping to do housework，schoolwork or others.（许多人认为在繁忙的一天里睡觉是最后一件事，所以他们宁愿推迟睡觉去做家务、功课或其他事情。）可知，下划线的单词"delay"在汉语中是"推迟"的意思。故选D。
（5）主旨大意题。根据Now，more and more people have difficulties in falling asleep. "In fact，we can train our brain to fall asleep，" says sleep expert Michael Grandner.Here are his top ways.（现在，越来越多的人难以入睡。睡眠专家迈克尔 格兰德纳说："事实上，我们可以训练大脑入睡。"以下是他的最佳方式。）结合全文可知，这篇文章主要讲如何训练大脑以获得更好的睡眠。故选D。
三、回答问题
【答案】（1）He was thin but healthy.
（2）When he saw a photo of himself.
（3）30 minutes.
（4）Yes，he did.
（5）Success comes from hard work.
【分析】本文讲述了Dave减肥的经过。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段When I was a kid，I often played basketball.So I was thin but healthy.（我小的时候经常打篮球。所以我很瘦但很健康。）可知，Dave小的时候很瘦但很健康。故填：He was thin but healthy.
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 I didn't know how big I was until I saw a photo of myself one day.I hated the way I looked.I knew I needed to lose some weight.（直到有一天我看到一张自己的照片，我才知道自己有多胖。我讨厌自己的样子。我知道我需要减肥。）可知，Dave是在看到自己的照片时决定减肥。故填：When he saw a photo of himself.
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Every day，I ran for 30 minutes first（每天我先跑30分钟），可知Dave每天跑30分钟。故填：30 minutes.
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段It felt good to lose weight（减肥感觉很好），可知Dave减肥后觉得开心。故填：Yes，he did.
（5）标题归纳题。本文介绍了Dave通过自己的努力，成功减肥的故事，根据最后一段 Success comes from hard work.It was true.（成功来自努力。这是真的。）可知本文的标题应该是"成功来自努力"。故填：Success comes from hard work.
四、选词填空
【答案】（1）ways
（2）health
（3）But
（4）eating
（5）our
（6）from
（7）also
（8）children
（9）easily
（10）better
【分析】本文主要介绍了保持健康的方法。
【解答】（1）ways.考查可数名词复数。different后跟可数名词复数，结合句意，不同的人有不同的____，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"方法"。故答案为ways。
（2）health.考查名词。结合句意，然后他们去了一个____俱乐部锻炼，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"健康"，health club意为健康俱乐部。故答案为health。
（3）But.考查连词。结合上文，Because they wanted to be healthy.判断他们想变得健康与他们的饮食不健康互为转折关系。故答案为But。
（4）eating.考查名词。结合句意，我们知道健康的____是保持身材的好方法，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"饮食"，名词置于形容词后。故答案为eating。
（5）our.考查形容词性物主代词。结合句意，对我们来说给____身体能量是重要的，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"我们的"，名词前用形容词性物主代词。故答案为our。
（6）from.考查介词。come from来自，短语，句意：能量应该来自于稻米、面包、蔬菜和水果。故答案为from。
（7）also.考查副词。结合句意，我们____需要喝很多水，一天6﹣8杯。结合选词，判断空格处词义为"也"。故答案为also。
（8）children.考查可数名词复数。many后跟可数名词复数，结合句意，现在很多____吃各种各样的不健康食品，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"儿童"。故答案为children。
（9）easily.考查副词。结合句意，他们____感到疲惫，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"容易"，用副词修饰形容词短语。故答案为easily。
（10）better.考查副词比较级。结合句意，它甚至可以帮助我们晚上睡得____，结合选词，判断空格处词义为"更好的"，用副词比较级修饰实义动词。故答案为better。
五、书面表达
How to Keep Healthy
Do you know how to keep healthy？Let me tell you.Firstly，you should get up early.You should not keep long fingernails.Secondly，you should do exercise in the morning every day.And you should do exercise at least half an hour.You shouldn't stay up late.Thirdly，it's necessary for you to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits every day．And you shouldn't eat junk food.It's bad for your health.Finally，you shouldn't play computer games for a long time.It's bad for your eyes.You should often talk with your friends.It can make yourself relax.
All in all，only by forming good habits can you keep healthy．
【分析】【高分句型一】
Thirdly，it's necessary for you to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits every day．
第三，对你来说每天多吃些新鲜的蔬菜和水果是必须的。本句使用的句型是It is +adj +for sb to do sth．it 做形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。
【高分句型二】
All in all，only by forming good habits can you keep healthy．
总之，只有养成好习惯，你才能保持健康。"only+介词短语"放在句首，使用倒装句。
【解答】
How to Keep Healthy
Do you know how to keep healthy？Let me tell you.Firstly，you should get up early.You should not keep long fingernails.（早起，不留长指甲）Secondly，you should do exercise in the morning every day.And you should do exercise at least half an hour.You shouldn't stay up late. （锻炼身体，不熬夜）Thirdly，it's necessary for you to eat more fresh vegetables and fruits every day． 【高分句型一】And you shouldn't eat junk food.It's bad for your health.（吃新鲜水果和蔬菜，不吃零食）Finally，you shouldn't play computer games for a long time.It's bad for your eyes.You should often talk with your friends.It can make yourself relax.（不长时间玩电子游戏，经常和朋友交谈）
All in all，only by forming good habits can you keep healthy．【高分句型二】（养成好习惯，保持健康）
