上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年九年级下学期3月月考英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．Which of the following words matches the sound [ kɑ ntest]
A．contact B．contain C．connect D．contest
2．Once upon a time there was _______ old man who had _______ one-year-old grandchild.
A．an; a B．an; an C．a; a D．the; the
3．Although it took a long time, we finally _______ getting up as early as everyone else in the village.
A．used to B．preferred C．got used to D．would rather
4．It _______ chocolate ice cream, but it doesn’t ______ sweet.
A．looks, taste B．looks like, taste C．looks, taste like D．looks like, taste like
5．_______ he saw people in trouble, he helped them.
A．Since B．Unless C．Until D．Whenever
6．With a ______ cigarette in his hand, the ______ operator arrived at the scene.
A．lit, lighted B．lighted, lit C．lighted, lighting D．lit, lighting
7．Nicotine ______ the functioning of heart and lung, which means it has bad ______ on your heart and lung.
A．effects, affects B．effects, effects C．affects, effects D．affects, affects
8．The film director _______ his head, after he _____ several scenes.
A．shoke, shot B．shaken, shoot C．shook, shot D．shoke, shoot
9．These robots can also help doctors to ________ patients.
A．operate B．be operated C．operate on D．operate to
10．The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets _______.
A．was booked B．had been booked C．were booked D．have been booked
11．One of his ambitions ____ around the world.
A．is sail B．is to sail C．are sailing D．are to sail
12．Brain told you that there wasn’t anyone in the room at that time, _______
A．was there B．wasn’t there C．didn’t he D．did he
13．The typist managed to type carefully and made the ______ mistakes in her work.
A．less B．least C．fewer D．fewest
14．_______ by the brilliance of his speech, Mary determined to practice speaking English every morning.
A．Impressing B．Be impressed C．Having impressed D．Impressed
15．The crew _______ on the ship while the pirates were approaching.
A．drank B．was drinking C．are drinking D．were drinking
16．He ______ a story to explain why he was absent.
A．made out B．made up C．made from D．made into
17．He suggested _______ there alone.
A．she go B．she went C．her to go D．she going
18．The factory manager explained __________.
A．me the production process of cars B．to me the production process of cars
C．how are cars produced D．to me about the production process of cars
19．There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ________ road conditions need _______.
A．that…to be improved B．which…to be improved
C．where…improving D．when…improving
20．—Could you help me fix the broken air-conditioner
—________.
A．My pleasure B．For pleasure C．Quite pleasant D．With pleasure
二、选词填空
A．advantages B．gives up C． lacks D．shameful
“The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is of all things, the most 21 ,” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the 22 . Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he 23 his moral freedom.
A．aware of B．hold back C． argument D．overcome E. lacks
A single angry world has lost many friends. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are 24 being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can 25 rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad.” “Keep cool,” says Webster, “anger is not 26 .” “Be calm in arguing,” says George Herbert, “for fierceness makes error a fault.”
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger,” says Pythagoras, “brings with folly and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which 27 him.
Self-control is man’s last and greatest victory. If a man 28 self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.
三、单词拼写
29．Being , he always had an eye to the main chance. (ambition)
30．The food is easy to go bad when the in the house is too high. (humid)
31．The tourist area is dotted with historic and attractions. (scene)
32．We seem to have a memory for the best bits of the past. (select)
33．We laughed at her in the kitchen, she couldn’t boil water. (experience)
34．The film is technically , but lacks real excitement in plot. (impress)
35．It made me a little that I wasn’t a true member of their club. (envy)
36．It was stormy, windy weather, and the waves crashed under their feet. (violence)
四、完成句子
37．“I’ll return the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible”, said Mike. (改为宾语从句)
Mike said he back the DVDs to Mary as soon as possible.
38．Students who went on a sightseeing tour enjoyed themselves in the Movie Park. （保持句意不变）
Students who went on a sightseeing tour the time of their in the Movie Park.
39．Alice’s girlfriends were jealous when they saw her new dress. (保持句意不变)
Alice’s girlfriends were with when they saw her new dress.
40．The girl was eight years old. She had a talk with my father. (保持句意不变)
My father had a talk with a girl .
41．The teacher sometimes makes the students repeat the questions in class.（改成被动语态）
The students are sometimes repeat the questions in class.
42．The new computer cost Mr. Black a lot of money. (改为否定句)
The new computer cost Mr. Black money.
43．there, 20 million, people, in, Shanghai, are, living. (连词成句)
五、阅读理解
Some wonderfully creative uses of X-rays have been in the world of art. But the most impressive one is to uncover what has been covered up. Details unfolded by an X-ray of a painting can’t be seen any other way. For example, in the past, paintings were often repaired if small pieces of paint fell off the canvas (帆布). These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting. It takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been made.
An X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery (赝品). If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original. If the brushstrokes (笔迹), for example, are shown to be totally different than in other work done by a certain artist, then the painting is proved to be a fake copy.
Since modern paints are usually made from different materials than paints of hundreds of years ago, the image they leave on an X-ray film looks different. This is another way X-rays can be used to spot a forgery. A modern artist will try to make a forgery look hundreds of years old by painting dirty varnish on it or by using artificial means to get the varnish to look cracked. To the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deceptions obvious.
It was common many years ago for an artist to finish a painting, decide it wasn’t any good, and paint a completely different picture on top of it. Or artists would paint over others’ work —it was their version of recycling. Taking an X-ray is the only way to find out if there is a picture underneath the picture you see with your eyes. Sometimes museums will be more interested in the painting beneath than the one on top, and will restore the older one by having the top layer painstakingly removed.
44．Why do people need X-ray to discover repairs on a painting
A．Because the technology of X-ray is more accurate.
B．Because X-ray is much cheaper.
C．Because the law requires the painting to be tasted by X-ray.
D．Because it is cheap.
45．How to tell the real masterpiece apart from the forgery
A．By comparing the painting with the original paintings drew by certain artist under an X-ray.
B．By removing the top layer of the painting.
C．By using some different materials to have a test.
D．By betting the vanish to look cracked
46．What is the main purpose of the article
A．To provide information to the police who are looking for stolen art.
B．To persuade art dealers to check for fake copies before selling art.
C．To explain how modern technology can be applied in unique ways.
D．To help artists restore damaged artwork to its original appearance.
47．According to the passage, X-rays are used to ______.
A．make repairs on paintings in the past
B．identify the authenticity of an artwork
C．change the materials of a forgery
D．remove the recyclable paints
48．In Paragraph 3, the word “deception” probably means ______.
A．comparison B．drawback
C．trickery D．judgment
49．Which is the best title for the passage
A．X-ray Detectives
B．Creative Uses of Technology
C．Forgery Studies
D．X-ray Painting Technique
六、完形填空
You know that pile of homework is due tomorrow, but you just find yourself putting it off and 50 actively looking for distractions (such as constantly checking emails or logging into a social networking site). If that sounds like what you do, chances are you are 51 by procrastination, which in a nutshell (简而言之), refers to that act of putting things off to a later time. But you’re not alone.
In fact, many people procrastinate to some degree. 52 , some are so seriously affected by procrastination that it stops them fulfilling their potential and disrupt life. So why do people procrastinate and how to get rid of the habit
There are some frequently cited reasons. A fear of 53 , for instance, is often to blame. If you have a task to do and you’re unsure of your ability to do it, then it’s only natural that you’ll put it off. You need to protect your own ego and you don’t want to admit that, for whatever reason, you may not be able to successfully complete your job. But the thing is, that task will not go away and you still have to get it done on time.
In this case, the trick is to work out the exact reason why you’re afraid of failing. Often, you’ll realize that there is some technical reason for not wanting to attempt the task — that is, you just don’t have the 54 or skills require to do it. The answer is to be straight up about it with both yourself and others. 55 you have to learn the skills to the point where you can do the task (in which case, you’ll find that the task becomes rewarding once you are good at it), or you have to ask for help. Don’t just leave it! We all know where that leads — a bad place of bad consequences in your life and just more stress.
50．A．thus B．while C．instead D．only
51．A．effected B．affected C．supplied D．impressed
52．A．Usually B．Still C．Anyway D．However
53．A．failure B．attention C．change D．deadline
54．A．courage B．materials C．intelligence D．knowledge
55．A．When B．If C．Either D．Because
七、短文填空
In the Renaissance Period (文艺复兴时期) (1500—1650), people became interested in higher education. They wanted to learn the a 56 languages such as Greek and Latin languages that were used in the old times, and study mathematics, science, and so on. Many universities were set up during the 16th century.
University education was a privilege (特权) of the rich. Girls were not allowed to attend and poor people could not a 57 to go. A member of a wealthy family could attend university at the age of ten. He might study in different universities and since the teaching was all d 58 in Latin, it didn’t matter which country he studied in. It was not unusual for a young boy study one year in Italy and another in France without speaking either French or Italian.
It was possible in the 16th century to c 59 university without learning how to read or write. Since books were handwritten, there was not enough to give one to each student. Often, only the teacher had a book. He would read to the students who would memorize what he said. Tests were oral, not written. In fact, many students finished school without ever writing a word.
For the not so wealthy, grammar schools were built in towns. They learned basic grammar and mathematics, and took part in Bible study. At home, girls learned washing, cooking,dancing, and the basics of taking care of a household. Poor children r 60 attended school.
The renaissance was a time when learners did not simply accept what they were old. They did scientific experiments themselves to search for a 61 to the mysteries of the space. Copmicus calculated that the Earth turned around the sun but was afraid to publish his works for f 62 that the Church would punish him. Calileo later supported this. The watch, the telescope and some others were some inventions of this period.
八、任务型阅读
Inadequate drinking water and sanitation, indoor air pollution and poor living conditions, and accidents injuries and poisonings: these are just three of the causes of the nearly 3 million deaths suffered every year by children under age five due to environmental dangers.
1.3 million children under five in developing countries died from diseases caused by unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene each year. According to a publication by WHO, 60% of the 2.2 million deaths a year in children under five caused by acute respiratory infections (急性呼吸道感染) are associated with indoor air pollution, the lack of adequate heating and/or other unhealthy living conditions. Accidental injuries—including road traffic accidents, drowning, burns and poisonings—are the cause of over 400,000 deaths per year in children under five.
Yet, until recently, no specific efforts had been made to deal with the environmental dangers which specifically affect children. Children are not “little adults”: they are in a constant process of growth and development, and they are easily affected by the harmful substances in their environments.
Research suggests that over 40% of the global burden of disease due to environmental risk factors may fall on children under five, even though they make up about 10% of the world’s population. The WHO will focus on the main environmental threats to children’s health and development, and on a range of measures to reduce environmental impacts on children as well as children’s exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals.
In Bangladesh and India, for example, arsenic (砷) in drinking water is a lasting problem. In some countries, concern exists about exposure to lead and any by exposure to waste sites. WHO plans on launching pilot projects to help countries assess (评估) and improve children’s environmental health in the near future.
The environment if places besides the home—above all schools, and workplaces—can be made safer for children. Schools are of particular significance, as a healthy and safe school environment can help protect children from health danger, abuse and exclusion and can foster learning.
“A commitment to child health means that dangers should be reduced in all places where children spend significant parts of their day, including the roads and forms of transport they use to get to and from these places,” said an official of WHO’s Department responsible for Environmental Health.
63．How many children under age five in developing countries die from unhealthy living conditions each year
64．Specific efforts have been made to deal with the environmental dangers which have effect on children, have they
65．What will the WHO focus on to help the children
66．Environmental threats to children include arsenic in drinking water, and waste sites.
67．From the article, we can infer that the leading cause of death among children under age five is .
68．According to the passage, which place, besides home should be made very safe for children
九、书面表达
69．Suppose your school is organizing a study trip to Britain. What kind of host family would you like to live with And why Write a composition is at least 60 words according to the situation given. (假如你们学校正在组织一次去英国的游学活动，你想选择怎样的住家？为什么？请根据所给情景写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格)
(注意：短文中不得出现人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评)
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参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：下面哪个单词与[ kɑ ntest]的发音相匹配？
考查单词的读音。contact[ kɑ nt kt]；contain[k n te n]；connect[k nekt]；contest[ kɑ ntest]。经对比可知，D选项contest的发音为[ kɑ ntest]。故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：从前有一位老人，他有一个一岁大的孙子。
考查冠词。两个空都表示泛指，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an；one以辅音音素开头， 用不定冠词a。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：虽然花了很长时间，但我们终于习惯了和村里其他人一样早起。
考查动词短语辨析。used to过去常常，常用used to do sth的结构；preferred更喜爱，常用prefer to do的结构；got used to习惯于，常用get used to doing sth的结构；would rather宁愿，常用would rather do sth的结构。根据“Although it took a long time, we finally...getting up as early as everyone else in the village.”可知，很长时间后习惯了早起，故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：它看起来像巧克力冰淇淋，但尝起来不甜。
考查动词短语和感官动词。looks看起来；taste尝起来；looks like看起来像；taste like尝起来像。根据“chocolate ice cream”可知，第一空指看起来像巧克力冰淇淋，用looks like；再根据“sweet”为形容词可知，第二空应用感官动词taste，表示“尝起来是甜的”。故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：每当他看到有困难的人，他就会帮助他们。
考查连词辨析。Since既然，自从；Unless除非；Until直到；Whenever无论何时。根据“…he saw people in trouble, he helped them.”可知此处是表达每当他看到有困难的人，他就会帮助他们。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：手里拿着点燃的香烟，照明工人来到了现场。
考查形容词和名词的用法。lit点燃，动词过去式或过去分词；lighted点燃的，形容词；lighting照明，名词。根据“a...cigarette”可知是点燃的香烟，故此处用形容词lighted；根据“the...operator”可知此处指照明工人，即lighting operator“照明工人”。故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：尼古丁会影响心脏和肺的功能，这意味着它对你的心脏和肺有不良影响。
考查词性辨析。effect影响，是名词；affect影响，是动词；分析句子结构可知，第一句缺谓语，应用动词，句子为一般现在时，主语是单数，动词用三单形式；第二空是短语have a bad effect on“对……有坏的影响”，空前没有不定冠词，此处名词应用复数形式，故选C。
8．C
【详解】句意：那个导演在拍摄了几个场景后摇了摇头。
考查一般过去时和过去式变化规则。根据语境可知，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，shake“摇晃”的过去式是shook，shoot“拍摄”的过去式是shot。故选C。
9．C
【详解】句意：这些机器人也可以帮助医生给病人动手术。
考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。operate做手术，动词原形；be operated动手术，被动语态；operate on给（某人）动手术；operate to表示给人动手术时，用介词on，不用to。根据“patients”可知此处用动词短语operate on sb表示“给某人动手术”。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：经理走进办公室，高兴地得知五分之四的票已经被预定了。
考查过去完成时的被动语态。book预定，was/were booked一般过去时的被动语态；had been booked过去完成时的被动语态；have been booked现在完成时的被动语态。根据语境可知，空格处的动作发生在“The manager entered the office and was happy to learn”之前，是过去的过去，要用过去完成时。宾语从句的主语four-fifths of the tickets与谓语动词book二者是被动关系，票是被订购，要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B。
11．B
【详解】句意：他的雄心壮志之一是环游世界。
考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。主语是One of his ambitions，be动词用is，排除CD；此处作表语用动词不定式。故选B。
12．C
【详解】句意：大脑告诉你当时房间里没有人，是吗？
考查反义疑问句。这是个主从复合句，这里要从主句形式考虑，根据“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，陈述部分“Brain told you”是肯定的，疑问部分应用否定形式，同时疑问部分应与主句的主语和助动词保持一致。主语是“Brain”，在疑问部分应使用主格人称代词“he”，“told”告诉，动词过去式，需借助助动词did，其否定形式为“didn’t”。故选C。
13．D
【详解】句意：这位打字员努力地认真打字，在她的工作中犯的错误最少。
考查最高级以及形容词辨析。less更少的，修饰不可数名词；least最少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数；fewest最少的，修饰可数名词复数。根据“the…mistakes”可知，此处是指最少的错误，应用最高级，且修饰可数名词复数mistakes，应用fewest。故选D。
14．D
【详解】句意：玛丽被他的精彩演讲所打动，决心每天早上练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。句中有谓语动词determined，此处用非谓语，排除B；且句子主语Mary和impress“使印象深刻”是被动关系，故此处用过去分词作状语。故选D。
15．D
【详解】句意：海盗逼近时，船员们正在船上喝酒。
考查时态和主谓一致。根据“while the pirates were approaching.”可知当海盗靠近时，船员正在喝酒，用过去进行时，主语指代“船员们”，故be动词用were。故选D。
16．B
【详解】句意：他编了一个故事来解释他缺席的原因。
考查动词短语。make out听清；make up 编造；make from由……制成；make into把……做成。根据“a story”可知是编造一个故事来解释原因。故选B。
17．A
【详解】句意：他建议她单独去那里。
考查虚拟语气。根据“He suggested…there alone.”可知，宾语从句应为虚拟语气，谓语部分为should+动词原形，其中should可省略；suggested为主句谓语，宾语从句引导词that省略；she作从句主语，从句谓语用go。故选A。
18．D
【详解】句意：工厂经理向我解说汽车的生产过程。
考查动词短语和宾语从句。explain sth. to sb.等于explain to sb. about sth.向某人解释某事，排除A、B选项；explain后可接宾语从句，但宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C选项。故选D。
19．A
【详解】句意：私家车的普及带来了一个新问题，那就是路况需要改善。
考查同位语从句以及动词不定式的被动式。根据“There is a new problem...road conditions need...”可知新问题是路况需要改善，故此处是同位语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导同位语从句；主语road conditions和improve之间是被动关系，故此处用结构need to be done。故选A。
20．D
【详解】句意：——你能帮我修坏了的空调吗 ——乐意效劳。
考查情景交际。My pleasure不客气；For pleasure为了取乐；Quite pleasant相当愉快；With pleasure乐意效劳。根据“Could you help me fix the broken air-conditioner ”可知，问句表示请求，应用with pleasure来回复同意对方的请求。故选D。
21．D 22．A 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．E
【导语】本文主要阐述自控的重要性，自控有什么好处，缺少自控会带来什么后果。
21．句意：被自己征服是最可耻的。根据“The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is of all things, the most”可知第一个也是最好的胜利是一个人征服自己，所以被自己征服是最可耻的，选项D“可耻的”符合。故选D。
22．句意：自控是所有优点的根源。根据“Self-control is at the root of all the”可知自控力是优点，选项A“优点”符合。故选A。
23．句意：让一个人屈服于他的冲动和感受，从那一刻起，他就放弃了道德自由。根据“his moral freedom.”可知如果屈服于他的冲动和感受，那么他放弃了道德自由，选项B“放弃”符合。故选B。
24．句意：如果你意识到自己在生气，闭上你的嘴，这样你就可以抑制不断上升的愤怒。根据“being angry, keep your mouth shut”可知是意识到自己在生气，闭上你的嘴，选项A“意识到”符合。故选A。
25．句意：如果你意识到自己在生气，闭上你的嘴，这样你就可以抑制不断上升的愤怒。根据“keep your mouth shut so that you can...rising anger”可知闭上嘴，可以抑制愤怒，选项B“抑制”符合。故选B。
26．句意：愤怒不是争吵。根据“Be calm in arguing”可知愤怒不是争吵，选项C“争吵”符合。故选C。
27．句意：衡量一个人的力量必须以他所征服的感情的力量，而不是以那些征服他的人的力量。根据“by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which...him”可知是征服他的人的力量，选项D“克服，战胜”符合。故选D。
28．句意：如果一个人缺乏自制力，他似乎什么都缺乏。根据“self-control he seems to lack everything”可知如果缺乏自制力，似乎什么都缺乏，选项E“缺乏”符合。故选E。
29．ambitious
【详解】句意：由于雄心勃勃，他总能把握机会。根据“Being...”可知，空处在be动词后作表语，应用形容词，ambition“雄心”为名词，其形容词为ambitious“有雄心的”。故填ambitious。
30．humidity
【详解】句意：当房子里的湿度太高时，食物很容易变质。此处作从句的主语用名词humidity“湿度”，不可数名词。故填humidity。
31．scenic
【详解】句意：这个旅游区遍布着历史和风景名胜。根据“attractions”可知，修饰名词应用scene的形容词scenic“风景优美的”。故填scenic。
32．selective
【详解】句意：我们似乎对过去最好的片段有选择性的记忆。空处作定语修饰名词memory，应用selective“有选择性的”。故填selective。
33．inexperience
【详解】句意：我们嘲笑她在厨房的无经验，她连开水都不会烧。experience作名词时意为“经验”，作动词时意为 “体验，经历”。根据“she couldn’t boil water”可知，她在做饭是没有经验的，因此这里需要填写“无经验”，inexperience“无经验”符合题意。故填inexperience。
34．impressive
【详解】句意：这部电影在技术上给人留下深刻印象，但在情节上缺乏真正的刺激。impress“给……留下深刻印象”，动词。根据“is”可知，空处用形容词作表语。故填impressive。
35．envious
【详解】句意：我不是他们俱乐部的真正成员，这让我有点嫉妒。根据句子结构可知，本句是主从复合句，空处缺少语句的宾语补足语；envy “嫉妒”，及物动词，其形容词形式是envious “嫉妒的”，在句中作宾语补足语。故填envious。
36．violently
【详解】句意：当时风雨交加，海浪在他们脚下猛烈地碰撞。根空处前的动词“crashed”可知，此处应该使用副词修饰crashed，violence的副词形式violently“激烈地”。故填violently。
37． would give
【详解】句意：“我会尽快将 DVD还给玛丽”，迈克说。改为宾语从句：Mike说他要尽快的把DVDs归还给Mary。根据句子结构可知，Mike said后带了一个宾语从句，主句时态为过去时，从句时态也应为相应的过去时态，即将来过去时would+动词原形，空后有back，故该短语为give back。故填would；give。
38． had lives
【详解】句意：参加观光旅游的学生们在电影公园玩得很开心。对照句子，可知是一般过去时，需要替换的短语是enjoy oneself“某人玩得开心”，它的同义词组为have the time of one’s life“某人过得很愉快”，又此处是指学生students，因此life需使用复数形式lives。故填had；lives。
39． filled envy
【详解】句意：爱丽丝的女朋友们看到她的新衣服很嫉妒。分析干可知，句子也可表达为“爱丽丝的女朋友们看到她的新衣服时充满了嫉妒”；结合“were…with…”可知，此处考查be filled with“充满……”，形容词短语；envy“忌妒”，不可数名词，在句中作宾语。故填filled；envy。
40．aged eight
【详解】句意：这个女孩八岁。她和我父亲谈了谈。此处也可以用过去分词短语aged eight“八岁的”作定语修饰girl。故填aged eight。
41． made to
【详解】句意：老师有时让学生在课堂上重复问题。make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，变成被动是be made to do，故填made；to。
42． didn’t much
【详解】句意：这台新电脑花了布莱克先生很多钱。根据“The new computer cost...”可知句子是一般过去时，变否定句时借助助动词didn’t，a lot of“很多”，可换成much，修饰不可数名词。故填didn’t；much。
43．Are there 20 million people living in Shanghai
【详解】根据所给单词及标点符号可知，此句为There be句型的一般疑问句，be动词Are放句首，there放其后；20 million people“2千万人”；living in Shanghai“住在上海”，为定语后置。故填Are there 20 million people living in Shanghai“上海有2000万人口吗”。
44．A 45．A 46．C 47．B 48．C 49．A
【导语】本文通过介绍X-ray在油画辨别侦察方面的作用，说明现代科技X-ray是如何以独特的方式应用于生活。
44．推理判断题。根据“These repairs cannot be seen just by looking at the painting. It takes an X-ray to discover where the repairs have been made.”可知X射线可以发现绘画的修复部分，所以它更精确。故选A。
45．细节理解题。根据“If there is a question as to whether an old master has painted a certain painting or not, X-rays are made and compared to those of paintings that are known to be original”可知如果怀疑大师是否画过某幅画，我们会制作X射线，并将其与已知的原创画作进行比较。故选A。
46．主旨大意题。本文通过文章通过介绍X-ray在油画辨别侦察方面的作用，说明现代科技X-ray是如何以独特的方式应用于生活。故选C。
47．细节理解题。根据“An X-ray of a painting is one of the best ways to tell if it was created by a famous painter or if it is a forgery”可知X射线被用来鉴别艺术品的真伪。故选B。
48．词义猜测题。根据“To the naked eye the forgery may look old, but when a careful study of the X-ray image is made, the deceptions obvious.”可知在肉眼看来，伪造品可能看起来很旧，但当仔细研究X射线图像时，欺骗是显而易见的，故划线部分意为“欺骗”，和trickery意义相近。故选C。
49．最佳标题题。本文通过文章通过介绍X-ray在油画辨别侦察方面的作用，说明现代科技X-ray是如何以独特的方式应用于生活，以选项A“X射线探测器”为标题最合适。故选A。
50．C 51．B 52．D 53．A 54．D 55．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们拖延的原因以及如何打破这一习惯。
50．句意：你知道那堆作业明天就要交了，但你只是发现自己一直在拖延它，反而积极寻找让你分心的事情（比如不停地查看电子邮件或登录社交网站）。
thus因此；while当……时；instead相反，反而；only只有。根据“You know that pile of homework is due tomorrow, but you just find yourself putting it off and ... actively looking for distractions”可知，你的作业明天就要交了，但你只是发现自己在拖延它，反而去积极寻找让你分心的东西。故选C。
51．句意：如果这听起来像你在做的事情，那么你很可能受到拖延症的影响，简而言之，就是把事情推迟到以后的行为。
effected产生；affected影响；supplied提供；impressed给……深刻印象。根据“by procrastination”可知，此处是指受到拖延症的影响。故选B。
52．句意：然而，有些人被拖延症严重影响，以至于他们无法发挥自己的潜力并扰乱生活。
Usually通常；Still仍然；Anyway无论如何；However然而。根据“In fact, many people procrastinate to some degree.”可知，很多人都有拖延症，然而，有些人受到严重的影响。故选D。
53．句意：例如，对失败的恐惧往往是罪魁祸首。
failure失败；attention关注；change变化；deadline截止日期。根据“you’re unsure of your ability to do it”可知，你不确定是否有能力做，因此是害怕失败。故选A。
54．句意：通常，你会意识到不想尝试这项任务有一些技术上的原因——也就是说，你只是没有足够的知识或技能去完成它。
courage勇气；materials材料；intelligence智力；knowledge知识。根据“there is some technical reason”可知，此处是指没有技术上的知识或技能去做这项任务。故选D。
55．句意：要么你必须学习你可以完成任务的技能（在这种情况下，你会发现一旦你擅长这项任务，它就会变得有回报），要么你必须寻求帮助。
When当……时；If如果；Either要么；Because因为。根据“or you have to ask for help.”可知，此处是either ... or“要么……要么……”。故选C。
56．(a)ncient 57．(a)fford 58．(d)one 59．(c)omplete 60．(r)arely 61．(a)nswers 62．(f)ear
【导语】本文主要介绍了文艺复兴时期的西方教育。
56．句意：他们想学习古时使用的希腊语、拉丁语等古代语言，学习数学、科学等。根据“Greek and Latin languages that were used in the old times”可知此处指古时使用的古代语言，用形容词ancient“古代的”修饰名词languages。故填(a)ncient。
57．句意：女孩不被允许参加，穷人也无力参加。根据“poor people could not”可知此处用动词afford表示“支付得起”，情态动词could后加动词原形。故填(a)fford。
58．句意：他可能在不同的大学里学习，由于教学都是用拉丁语进行的，所以他在哪个国家学习并不重要。主语为the teaching“教学”，根据“was”及首字母d可知此处用be done表示教学被执行。故填(d)one。
59．句意：在 16 世纪，无需学习如何阅读或写作即可完成大学学业。根据下文“In fact, many students finished school without ever writing a word.”可知此处指完成大学学业，用动词complete表示“完成”，不定式to后接动词原形。故填(c)omplete。
60．句意：贫穷的孩子很少上学。根据上文“For the not so wealthy, grammar schools were built in towns.”和“Poor children”可知此处指那些贫穷的孩子的上学情况，根据首字母r可知应用副词rarely表示“很少”。故填(r)arely。
61．句意：他们亲自进行科学实验，寻找太空之谜的答案。根据“They did scientific experiments themselves”和“to the mysteries of the space”可知，他们做实验是为了寻找答案，answers to sth“某物的答案”，此处应用复数形式表泛指。故填(a)nswers。
62．句意：哥白尼计算出地球绕着太阳转，但不敢出版他的作品，因为担心教会会惩罚他。根据“the Church would punish him”可知，教会会惩罚他，是他担心害怕的事情，for fear that引导目的状语从句。故填(f)ear。
63．1.32 million children under age five in developing countries die from unhealthy living conditions each year. 64．No, they haven’t. 65．The WHO will focus on the main environmental threats to children’s health and development, and on a range of measures to reduce environmental impacts on children as well as children’s exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals. 66．exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals 67．diseases caused by unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene each year 68．Schools and workplaces.
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了造成每年近300万五岁以下儿童因环境危险而死亡的原因。
63．根据第二段“According to a publication by WHO, 60% of the 2.2 million deaths a year in children under five caused by acute respiratory infections are associated with indoor air pollution, the lack of adequate heating and/or other unhealthy living conditions.”可知，220万5岁以下儿童死亡中，60%与不健康的生活条件有关，即：220万*60%=132万。故填1.32 million children under age five in developing countries die from unhealthy living conditions each year.
64．根据第三段“Yet, until recently, no specific efforts had been made to deal with the environmental dangers which specifically affect children.”可知，直到最近，还没有作出具体努力来处理特别影响儿童的环境危险。故填No, they haven’t.
65．根据第四段“The WHO will focus on the main environmental threats to children’s health and development, and on a range of measures to reduce environmental impacts on children as well as children’s exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals.”可知，世界卫生组织将重点关注对儿童健康和发展的主要环境威胁，以及采取一系列措施，以减少对儿童的环境影响，以及儿童接触铅、汞、毒药和其他化学品的情况，从而来帮助儿童健康成长。故填The WHO will focus on the main environmental threats to children’s health and development, and on a range of measures to reduce environmental impacts on children as well as children’s exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals.
66．根据第四段“…to reduce environmental impacts on children as well as children’s exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals.”和第五段“In Bangladesh and India, for example, arsenic in drinking water is a lasting problem. In some countries, concern exists about exposure to lead and any by exposure to waste sites.”可知，儿童面临的环境威胁包括饮用水中的砷、接触铅、汞、毒物和其他化学品以及废物场所。故填exposure to lead, mercury, poisons and other chemicals。
67．根据第二段“1.3 million children under five in developing countries died from diseases caused by unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene each year.”可推断，五岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因是每年由不安全的供水、环境卫生和个人卫生引起的疾病。故填diseases caused by unsafe water supply, sanitation and hygiene each year。
68．根据第六段“The environment if places besides the home—above all schools, and workplaces—can be made safer for children.”可知，家庭以外的环境——尤其是学校和工作场所——可以使孩子们更安全。故填Schools and workplaces.
69．例文
Given the chance, I will choose a host family with sweet atmosphere in the house, it’s important to have a nice family to live with.
Firstly, I would love that the host family have a beautiful scenery and a perfect view when looking outside the window in a convenient location. I can breathe the fresh air and enjoy the comfortable breeze with my friends. Secondly, I’m really looking forward to making new friends with British students who are of similar age and have many interesting things to talk about.
In conclude, I hope I could not only learn a lot of knowledge but also make many friends during this study trip.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容中的几个要点均要一一阐述，适当发挥。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图。借用“如果有机会，我会选择一个家里气氛温馨的寄宿家庭”来引出重点介绍的内容。
第二步：具体阐述写作内容。依照提示信息的要点——哪一种寄宿家庭、原因等均要一一阐述。
第三步：书写结语。表达“我希望在这次游学期间我不仅能学到很多知识，还能结识很多朋友。”的美好期待。
[亮点词汇]
①sweet atmosphere温馨的气氛
②making new friends 交新朋友
③a lot of knowledge许多知识
[高分句型]
①Secondly, I’m really looking forward to making new friends with British students who are of similar age and have many interesting things to talk about. (定语从句）
②I hope I could not only learn a lot of knowledge but also make many friends during this study trip. (宾语从句)
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
