第02讲 阅读理解——记叙文
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01考查记叙文中的人物和事件的特征
考向02 考查主旨大意
考向03 考查细节理解题
考向04 考查写作目的
考向05 考查猜测词义
02 核心突破练
记叙文创新练
03 真题溯源练
考向01考查记叙文中的人物和事件的特征
1.（2025届四川省巴中市高三下学期三模）
On her 53rd birthday, Debra Ferrell received the usual well-wishes on Facebook, but she also got some unusual messages. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (自闭症) and nonverbal, was struggling with grief. They were reaching out to Ferrell, seeking any possible support. “Could you bring him some comfort ” they asked with deep sadness.
Ferrell’s heart ached when she read the message. She knew she had to do something. She sent them a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near.” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants. Ferrell says, “I hope it brings him some comfort. Sometimes, a small gesture can mean the world to someone going through a tough time.”
This is not the first time that Ferrell decided to give gifts for her birthday. In fact, for her 47th birthday in 2014, she founded Love with Skin On, an organization devoted to doing good deeds near her home in Roanoke, Virginia, and beyond. Its motto is simple: Be Love, Do Stuff. “I believe that small acts of kindness can make a big difference,” Ferrell explains. “It’s amazing to see the joy on people’s faces when you do something unexpected for them.”
To celebrate her 53rd birthday, Ferrell decided to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month. She put out a call on her Facebook page, asking for information on people who could use a little help. Over the years, she has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found through Facebook callouts, others with help from her grandkids. In another act of giving, she shares her favourite inexpensive and creative gift ideas on Pinterest for others to use. Her grandkids often join her on these missions, making it a family affair. “It’s amazing to see the joy on people’s faces,” she says. “And it’s even more rewarding when my grandkids are involved. They learn the value of kindness and compassion.”
Ferrell funds all these acts of kindness herself. She buys gift cards, makes pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, sends care packages, and even covers the gas to deliver these surprises. Her family often gives her extra birthday cash, jokingly warning her not to spend it on others, but she always does. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like YESSS!” she says with a laugh. “It’s my party, and I’ll give if I want to!”
1．On Deba Ferrell’s 53rd birthday, what did she receive
A．Invitations to give a speech at a community event.
B．Beautiful birthday gifts from Love with Skin On.
C．Unique birthday wishes with moving stories.
D．Messages calling for help.
2．What does Deba Ferrell do on Pinterest
A．She lets her grandkids participate in family activities.
B．She introduces innovative ideas.
C．She buys presents for strangers.
D．She distributes care packages.
3．What description matches Deba Ferrell most accurately
A．Warm-hearted and generous.
B．Aggressive and demanding.
C．Modest and cautious.
D．Logical and cold.
4．What meaning does the story express
A．The significance of founding organizations.
B．The pleasure of giving expensive gifts.
C．The power of small acts of kindness.
D．The desire for social media fame.
2.（2025届湖南省长沙市周南中学普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试（三））
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students. Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the United States, has managed to get her students excited about science.
Known as “Dr. Tatiana”, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up (积累) hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. In the videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from ping pong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it isn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors (大三学生) and found it easier to teach them. “By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says. “But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are important. Unfortunately, I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake!”
By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller and get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage, she says. “And add showy demonstrations, which help students connect the abstract concepts with real life.”
Erukhimova has earned more than just recognition on social media. In October 2023, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.”
1．What can we infer about Erukhimova from the first two paragraphs
A．She excites widespread interest in science.
B．She wants to be popular on social media.
C．She is passionate about making online videos.
D．She likes to play tricks on her students.
2．Why did Erukhimova find it easier to teach juniors
A．Juniors could study entirely on their own.
B．She used simpler teaching methods for juniors.
C．She didn’t have to worry about first impressions.
D．Juniors showed a higher level of commitment to learning.
3．How did Erukhimova find her footing in the second semester
A．By engaging them in smaller groups.
B．By following a traditional teaching method.
C．By reducing the number of students in the class.
D．By making herself approachable and her teaching engaging.
4．Which of the following best describes Erukhimova
A．Humorous. B．Enthusiastic. C．Stubborn. D．Demanding.
3.（2025·湖北省鄂东南高三下学期5月联考）
Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson arrived in New York five years ago with a passion for visual storytelling. To his surprise, the city’s libraries and museums held more photographs documenting Africa’s past and present than he had ever seen in Ghana. “How could our history be better kept here than at home ” he wondered. This realization became the start of his life’s work: to build a library in Ghana where Africans could reclaim their stories through photography.
Growing up, Ninson loved family stories told by his grandparents, but photography was seen as an unwise career choice in Ghana. However, he sold his iPhone to buy a camera and taught himself the skill. His early projects, like recording a Kenyan community started by women escaping violence, strengthened his belief that Africans must own their visual history.
In 2019, Ninson joined a photography school in New York. There, he eagerly read hundreds of photobooks — a clear difference from Ghana, where such books were rare. When museums refused to share their records, Ninson promised to build his own library. He searched secondhand stores, asked publishers for help, and filled storage units with over 30,000 books, even using up all his credit card limits. His friend Brandon Stanton’s $1.2 million online fundraiser made the dream possible. With the funds, Ninson shipped the books to Ghana and established the library.
On a December morning in 2022, the Dikan Center — “take the lead” in Ghana’s Akan language — opened in Accra, near the Gulf of Guinea’s historic coast. The library’s two collections celebrate African views: one focuses on Africa and Africans living abroad, the other displays works by photographers worldwide. Among its treasures is Ninson’s first New York purchase: The Gold Coast Yesterday and Today, a 1940s photobook documenting Ghana’s history before it gained independence in 1957. “It reminds us where we’ve been and where we’re going,” he says.
1．What inspired Ninson to create African’s own visual history
A．Finding photobooks in secondhand stores.
B．Studying at a New York photography school.
C．Developing his family storytelling traditions.
D．Finding more African records overseas than locally.
2．Why is The Gold Coast Yesterday and Today important
A．It contains stories from his grandparents.
B．It was donated by a photography school.
C．It shows Ghana’s history under foreign rule.
D．It was Ninson’s first photobook purchase in New York.
3．What best describes Paul Ninson’s character as highlighted in the text
A．Ambitious and humorous.
B．Creative and sympathetic.
C．Conventional and home-centered.
D．Committed and forward-thinking.
4．What does Ninson’s story mainly inspire us to do
A．Value teamwork in cultural projects.
B．Use technology to document history.
C．Pursue cultural goals through determined action.
D．Rely on external institutions for heritage protection.
考向02 考查主旨大意
1.（2025届海南省华中师范大学琼中附属中学等校高三下学期高考仿真卷）
A few months ago, when I received an email about an available allotment(小块菜园地)in my area, I struggled to remember when I had signed up for one. It turns out I had done so two years ago, fuelled by my envy for people who have their own gardens. Back then, all I wanted was a small bit of outdoor space that felt like my own, to plant flowers, or herbs. A place where I could read and write in the sun, safe from distractions.
Fast forward to now, I spend hours a week sowing, weeding, watering and harvesting with my husband after seeking guidance from family and watching beginner’s gardening YouTube videos. Given that I knew nothing about gardening at the start, the fact that I’ve managed to grow anything feels like a miracle.
My summer at the allotment has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows. Take the humble cauliflower(花椰菜)— a common sight in the supermarket aisle (过道), yet the patience it demands lasts for up to six months, tending and nurturing, all for a flash moment on the plate.
Seasonality has also taken on a new meaning. I knew of course that all fresh food has its “season”, yet abundant harvests come with a lesson in impermanence(无常). Fresh produce goes off quickly once ripened and picked. And so I’ve turned to the old craft of preservation — learning what to boil and freeze, pickle(腌渍), or make into jam — to make things last.
While gardening is a welcome escape from the chaos of the modern world, you can’t avoid the reality of the climate crisis. This year, a wet summer in the UK meant terrible to most plants.
As I continue to tend my allotment, I do so with a sense of humility, wonder and excitement. What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was worried I’d fail the allotment; instead, I’m finding myself growing alongside it and appreciate what it has brought to me.
1．What inspired the author to sign up for an allotment two years ago
A．Her love for reading in the sun. B．Her wish to grow herbs for cooking.
C．Her envy of people with their own gardens. D．Her need to escape from the modern world.
2．We can infer from the passage that the author ____________.
A．was always confident in her gardening skills B．has a deeper understanding of food and nature now
C．will stop gardening due to the climate crisis D．only grows cauliflower in her allotment
3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A．The new meaning of seasonality the author learned.
B．The ways to preserve fresh produce.
C．The importance of eating fresh food.
D．The author’s favorite recipes made from garden produce.
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．My Journey with the Allotment B．The Miracle of Gardening
C．Lessons from the Climate Crisis D．The Art of Growing Cauliflower
2.（2025届湖南省邵阳市高考信息卷（一））
Timothée Chalamet, the son of a French father and Russian Jewish mother, grew up in an artistic family. In his early twenties, the New York native had already been a longtime working actor. Since 2017, this young talent has become a household name.
While filming his big-screen debut (首次亮相), Christopher Nolan’s drama Interstellar, Timothée Chalamet knew very little of Hollywood, let alone the world. The young man had completed two short films and a role in a TV play Homeland, but at 17 did not yet know how to drive a car. Thankfully for him, his onscreen father, Oscar winner Matthew McConaughey, was there to give Chalamet some guidance, through the fields of corn and beyond.
Since Interstellar’s 2013 release, the actor has gotten his license, spent a year studying at Columbia University, and worked on some films. He also learned to play a couple of musical instruments and picked up Italian in preparation to star in the film Call Me By Your Name. The film conquered Sundance and became a festival-circuit darling. To Chalamet, the whole scene was, understandably, strange. “Luca, Armie, and I were watching the film together in a small box, which was a special moment in itself,” he said. “And when the credits ended, they immediately put this blinding spotlight on us, so that we couldn’t see the audience, but we heard this incredible reaction. I’m a theater guy at heart, so to have a film experience that mirrored the theater experience was totally surreal.”
In a lengthy Instagram post, Chalamet said that the past year has changed the way he “see and feel about so many things”. “I am learning that a good role isn’t the only criteria for accepting a job—that has become much clearer to me in the past few months, having witnessed the birth of a powerful movement intended to end injustice, inequality and, above all, silence,” he wrote.
1．What can be inferred about Timothée Chalamet when he filmed “Interstellar”
A．He was already familiar with Hollywood culture. B．He had difficulty operating a vehicle.
C．He had starred in multiple feature films. D．He learned Italian for the role.
2．Why did Chalamet learn Italian
A．To study at Columbia University.
B．To connect with his Russian Jewish heritage.
C．To communicate with his co-stars in “Hostiles”.
D．To prepare for his role in “Call Me By Your Name”.
3．What does the underlined word “surreal” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Boring. B．Confusing. C．Dreamlike. D．Frightening.
4．What is the primary focus of the passage
A．Chalamet’s evolving career and reflections on artistic growth.
B．Chalamet’s struggles with addiction and social issues.
C．The challenges of Chalamet’s learning new languages for film roles.
D．The cultural impact of “Call Me By Your Name”.
3.（2025届江苏省南通基地大联考高三下学期模拟预测）
When Strauss’s first wife passed away, it was a shock for him and their then-10-year-old daughter, Molly. Seeing her facing a challenge she really wasn’t prepared for, Strauss naturally turned to what he knows best: storytelling.
“I had the idea that perhaps stories of great heroes and the way they met challenges and hardships in their lives could be inspirational to her,” Strauss says. The principal at his daughter’s elementary school had lost her own mother when she was nine and developed a close bond with Molly. Her school hosted the first plays, and the principal advised him to design the plays to fit in with the standard school curriculum, so that teachers could achieve their education goals along with Strauss’s objectives.
Strauss calls his collection of plays the Spirit Series, “because it’s a celebration of the human spirit and because our job is to spirit students over a threshold (门槛) in a transformative way”. Unlike in regular theater plays, the Spirit Series plays leave room for the children to plug in their own dialogue, put themselves in the historic figures’ shoes and write essays about big questions posed by the historic figures in the plays, for instance: What do you want out of life when you grow up Does popularity feed the soul
The Spirit Series has been hosted by more than 100 schools and 60,000 students in California. The results students and teachers report are striking: More than a quarter of students improve academically and in social and emotional skills. More than 90 percent of students report improved teamwork after participating, and nearly 82 percent of participating teachers said that the series enhances focus.
Today, the Spirit Series has expanded into Spirit Corps, which provides video-assisted storytelling that Strauss is rolling out more widely this year, and Spirit Works, a coaching program for teachers, “because you can’t expect students to go where you can’t lead them,” Strauss says. “Transformative outcomes in classrooms begin with self-transformation.”
1．Why did Strauss create the Spirit Series
A．To express the love to his lost wife. B．To help his daughter tackle the sorrow.
C．To offer standard curriculum to schools. D．To promote traditional theater education.
2．What makes the Spirit Series plays special
A．They record major historic events. B．They are a collection of students’ essays.
C．They are written by a less-known writer. D．They allow children to add their own creation.
3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning the Spirit Series
A．Its positive impacts. B．Its high profitability. C．Its potential problems. D．Its great complexity.
4．What message does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph convey
A．Teachers should improve their teaching aims. B．Teachers should be a model for the students.
C．Teachers should coach their students. D．Teachers should reform their teaching.
考向03 考查细节理解题
1.（2025届吉林地区普通高中高三下学期猜题信息）
Just over a decade ago, a story spread about a man who was trapped in his snow-covered car for two months during an extremely cold Swedish winter. Peter Skyllberg, 44 years old at that time, became trapped in his car, near the city of Umea in northeast Sweden.
He was discovered 60 days after he went missing — when two people on snowmobiles passed the buried car, thinking it was abandoned. When they cleared the window and looked inside, they saw something moving and informed emergency services. Ebbe Nyberg, a local police officer at the scene, said the man was in a sleeping bag and could talk a little, but he was very weak. The man appeared to have survived by drinking melted snow, but there was no food in the car.
Dr. Ulf Segerberg, the chief medical officer at Norrland University Hospital, said he had never seen a case like it. He explained that the man survived thanks to the “igloo (冰屋) effect” created by his snow-covered car. Even in very cold temperatures, igloos can be warm inside because body heat is kept in by the snow walls. The man’s car, covered in thick snow, worked like a blanket.
The source of heat was his body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), though it must have been very low. Body heat is produced when the body turns food into energy. Since the man hadn’t eaten properly for weeks, his metabolism would have been very slow, but it produced enough heat to keep him alive, like a tiny candle in the dark. “If you have good clothes, you would survive in those temperatures and be able to keep your body temperature,” said Dr. Segerberg.
Although protected from the winter cold, his body temperature had dropped to around 31℃ — which is dangerously low. A healthy person’s temperature is usually around 37℃. Skyllberg was lucky and only needed treatment in a regular hospital ward. His story is remarkable and can provide some medical implications because of both the extremely low temperatures and the extraordinary amount of time his body managed to stand them.
1．What did the two men do when they found Peter
A．They made emergency calls. B．They gave him some food.
C．They sent him a sleeping bag. D．They wrapped him in a blanket.
2．How did Dr. Ulf Segerberg probably feel about Peter’s survival
A．Universal. B．Upsetting. C．Unbelievable. D．Unaccountable.
3．How did Peter mainly manage to stay alive during the 60 days
A．By eating food. B．By candlelight.
C．By wearing thick clothes. D．By his body heat.
4．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．The body’s metabolism speeds up in cold weather.
B．Peter’s case is meaningful in the medical field.
C．A slight drop of body temperature is deadly.
D．Peter needed long-term treatment.
2.（河北省部分校名校联考2025届高三下学期5月全仿真预测）
Eileanoir from Ireland began studying with The Open University (OU) at just 15 years old. What started as a way to challenge herself while still at school, became her route into a role with a multinational start-up and a life of exploring the world.
“I loved languages at school,” said Eileanoir, “but I didn’t feel like I was learning enough. My mum, who had studied with the OU suggested I investigate the courses on offer.”
She continued, “After my headmaster agreed, I signed up for a Bachelor (学士) of Arts (Honors)Open Degree with a focus on languages. I found the OU courses simple to follow and well organized.”
Eileanoir went on a trip to Spain, which was the first time she had been abroad without her family. Her ability to use different languages made her really want to travel. Eileanoir has now travelled to over 30 countries, including Brazil, Mexico and Morocco.
Eileanoir finished her OU degree at 20 and after obtaining a Masters in Marketing, she landed a position in a company. Not only does she use her language knowledge every day, but there are also various transferrable (可转换) skills that have come in handy.
“The OU prepared me for working independently — it made me good at organizing my own time and staying focused on the task at hand. We worked on a major campaign in Quebec, so my French has been useful, especially as I’m the only person on the team that can speak the language. It’s helped me stand out.”
For those that are about to start their studies with the OU or are considering beginning their journey into further education, Eileanoir has some advice. “It’s always a good idea to have like a list written down so that you have a clear idea of what you need to achieve each day. Trying to remember everything can be a real headache. It’s also useful to map out the long-term goals, whether it’s deadlines or a career milestone.”
1．What was Eileanoir’s initial motivation for studying with the OU
A．To challenge herself during her school days.
B．To follow in her mother’s footsteps.
C．To gain enough language skills for traveling.
D．To find a job in a multinational company.
2．What did Eileanoir think of the OU courses
A．They were difficult to understand. B．They focused mainly on marketing.
C．They required constant parental monitoring. D．They were well structured and easy to follow.
3．What can be inferred about Eileanoir’s experience in Quebec
A．The campaign was not very successful. B．She struggled with the language barrier.
C．Her language skills were crucial for her team. D．She was the only one who could speak Spanish.
4．What is Eileanoir’s advice for students starting their studies with the OU
A．They should focus on daily tasks. B．They should prioritize language skills.
C．They should aim for great achievements. D．They should set clear goals and plan ahead.
3.（2025·湖北省襄阳市第五中学高三下学期一模）
Last summer at a bookstore, my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy (三部曲). He then finished it in just two days. “Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad ” He tearfully asked me.
The story is set on a remote island, where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures, and becomes part of the community. For my son, it was the first book he discovered on his own; the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy and joy.
When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it. In our book club discussion, he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real. When talking about its final scenes, where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body, Henry cried again. His previous reading experiences had cheerful, “happily-ever-after” endings, but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions. I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments, but failed to fully convince him.
Once our discussion ended, Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it. He read the first two books repeatedly, so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.
We both agree it is worth the wait. Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat: “the poison tide.” Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas — not just happiness and sadness, but also, given the climate-change undercurrents, hope and despair.
And, here’s something special about Roz: her physical clumsiness and confusion about life, conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth. Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place, much like a child’s journey. Readers love Roz. They learn from her. Even better, they learn alongside her. Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts, getting him ready to appreciate that, sometimes, sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.
1．What made the author read The Wild Robot
A．Its tragic ending.
B．Its attractive cover.
C．Henry’s emotional response to it.
D．Henry’s tearful recommendation.
2．How was the trilogy different from books Henry had read
A．It referred to the topic of robots.
B．It expressed complicated feelings.
C．It prevented an underwater threat.
D．It described the scene of an island.
3．What makes Roz in the trilogy special
A．Her robotic power.
B．Her adventurous spirit.
C．Her strange expressions.
D．Her struggling experiences.
4．What does the author want to convey to us
A．Misfortune inspires great literary works.
B．Robot stories work like magic on children.
C．Book discussions help kids survive tragedies.
D．Reading tragedies facilitates personal growth.
考向04 考查写作目的
1.（2025届湖南省邵阳市大联考高三下学期三模）
In “Overcoming the Shadow of Failure”, we follow Lily, a young worker whose career suffered a big setback a year ago. As the leader of an important project, she met unexpected problems and small mistakes that led to failure. This bad event left her in deep self-doubt, guilt, and a deep fear of taking on new tasks. She started avoiding work chances, thinking any challenge would end in failure, and finally asked a coach for help.
A coach’s real job, the story shows, is not to solve problems directly but to build inner strength. Over 10 months, Lily’s coach worked with her to create ways to manage stress and rebuild her confidence in her skills. They made careful answers to hurtful comments like “Your project really failed, didn’t it ” to help her face such words without breaking down.
During a key meeting, Lily still focused too much on her mistakes, seeing them as a sign of her lack of ability. The coach then told a personal story: once, after preparing a lot for a public speech, they made mistakes in some parts but were still praised for their try. This was to show that blaming oneself often exaggerates errors—mistakes in what you do don’t decide your value.
Lily stopped and then said she had been being too hard on herself for no good reason. She realized failure was a lesson, not the end of everything. Slowly, she started to take on small projects, each time telling herself about her progress. Her worry reduced, and her courage came back.
Six months later, the coach received an email with an invitation to Lily’s promotion party. The invitation showed her great change: from a woman defeated by one setback to a confident worker who saw challenges as opportunities to grow. It proved that coaching is mainly about guiding the way to self-acceptance—turning the shadow of failure into a step for success.
1．Why did Lily go to a coach
A．A project failure caused her mental struggle.
B．She wanted to get a promotion quickly.
C．She had conflicts with her boss.
D．She lacked experience in teamwork.
2．How might Lily feel when colleagues mentioned the failed project at first
A．Dismissive. B．Heartbroken. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried.
3．What can we infer from Lily’s inviting the coach to her promotion party
A．She wanted to show off her promotion.
B．The coach became her close friend.
C．The coach helped her regain professional confidence.
D．She needed the coach’s advice for her new position.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To describe the process of career coaching.
B．To criticize the harm of self-blame.
C．To introduce a successful coach’s methods.
D．To encourage readers to face failure with self-empowerment.
2.（2025·陕西省咸阳市武功县普集高级中学高三下学期模拟）
Catherine Borowski and her partner Lee Baker are the founders of Graphic Rewilding (再野化), a project to place huge nature-inspired artworks into the urban landscape. “We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down (破败的) spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,” says Baker.
Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since, launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021.
Since then, they’ve decorated many buildings at locations including Earl’s Court Underground Station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd’s Bush — all hand-drawn by Baker. “We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy,” Baker says.
The pair believe that flowers possess strong power, even when they’re not real. “We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind,” says Baker. He cites the research, which found that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress in patients.
Even so, they admit that art is no match; for Mother Nature. “Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist.” says Borowski. “Of course, we want more green spaces. But we aren’t gardeners. We’re artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art.”
Overall, the response has been hugely positive. “The joy that these artworks bring is evident,” says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted on brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. “There were so many smiling faces,” she says. “Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none.”
1．What does Baker express in the first paragraph
A．Intention of their project. B．Features of their artworks.
C．People’s reaction to their project. D．Difficulty in creating their artworks.
2．Why did Baker take to drawing flowers
A．To display them at some exhibitions.
B．To sell them to others and make a living.
C．To recover from his depression and anxiety.
D．To attempt to publish them on social media.
3．Why does Baker mention the research in the fourth paragraph
A．To prove their views. B．To reveal its mistakes.
C．To doubt about its conclusion. D．To improve their drawing skills.
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Their paintings can’t fit in with nature.
B．The two wish to be gardeners in the future.
C．Their company is expected to take in more artists.
D．The two drew many pictures in Crawley, West Sussex.
3.（2025届贵州省六盘水市纽绅中学高三下学期演练考试（一））
Chris Searle’s journey as a teacher at Sir John Cass Secondary School in Stepney, East London, began in 1970. He was driven by a strong connection to the area and a progressive vision for education. Having completed a postgraduate thesis (论文) on Isaac Rosenberg, a poet from the East End, Searle saw Stepney as a place filled with potential, in spite of its reputation as a hopeless community. He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds.
Searle’s unconventional approach conflicted with the traditional views of the school’s governors and teachers. At a time when discipline was harsh and students were often regarded as troublemakers, Searle viewed these underachieving teenagers as individuals with untapped potential. He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose.
His belief in poetry’s power materialized in the creation of Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems. Despite the pessimism from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. The collection gave the students a voice, but it also drew’ criticism from school officials who thought the poems were “too gloomy”.
Searle’s progressive ideals led to his dismissal from the school. However, his students, angered by the decision, organized a protest led by 16-year-old Zenaida de la Cruz. The entire school quickly united, standing together with Searle. On his return to the school, he found 800 students standing outside the gates in the rain, showing their support.
Though the government eventually allowed him to return, he decided to leave the school in 1974. His commitment to education did not end there — he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a lasting impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change.
1．What did Chris Searle believe could change lives of his students
A．Strict discipline. B．Peaceful community.
C．Education through poetry. D．Communication activities.
2．Why did Chris Searle believe poetry could help his students
A．It was a required subject in the school curriculum.
B．It could foster creativity and bring them purpose.
C．The school governors encouraged ‘ poetry writing.
D．His students had already won poetry competitions,
3．Why does the author mention the publication of poems in The Sun
A．To show the success of Searle’s approach despite criticism.
B．To prove that Searle’s methods were widely accepted.
C．To emphasize the students’ great academic struggles.
D．To criticize the media’s focus on negative topics.
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To criticize traditional teaching methods in London schools.
B．To argue that poetry is the most important subject in education.
C．To explain why students in Stepney faced academic challenges.
D．To describe Chris Searle’s innovative teaching approach and its impact.
考向05 考查猜测词义
1.（2025届河北省部分校高三年级5月份联考猜题信息卷（二））
The playground at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles was wet from the morning’s rain. But the bad weather didn’t keep the Garfield graduates from gathering there to show their support for their former teacher, Jaime Escalante, who was in the end stages of cancer.
Although the Bolivian-born teacher, who inspired the 1988 movie Stand and Deliver, did not become a household name after Hollywood put his remarkable story on screen, he possessed a gift of inspiring his students to see themselves not as they were but as they could be.
“To make it,” Escalante used to tell his students, “you need ambition.”
Ambition was Escalante’s battle cry, not just in motivating his students. He also kept pushing it to the administrators and teachers. Stand and Deliver shows the tension perfectly in a scene: When Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus (微积分) and advanced math at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it’s a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics.
Escalante admitted in an interview that Stand and Deliver was 90 percent truth, 10 percent drama. His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight.
“The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics,” Escalante said. “They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school. They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.”
Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it. In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part, because he was tired of the run-ins with those parents and his fellow teachers.
“But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere,” he said. “You can’t be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.”
That’s what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher.
1．What did Escalante’s fellow teachers think of his plan
A．Praise-worthy. B．Unambitious. C．Unrealistic. D．Motivating.
2．What can we say about Stand and Deliver
A．It has played down the students’ efforts.
B．It has brought in donations for the teacher.
C．It has helped the teacher become a national star.
D．It has ignored the challenges faced by the teachers.
3．Which of the following best explains “run-ins” underlined in paragraph 7
A．Formal discussion of an issue. B．Joint effort towards a shared aim.
C．Regular meeting with someone. D．Serious disagreement or argument.
4．According to the text, Jaime Escalante is a great teacher because ________.
A．he is good at communication B．he sees potential in every student
C．he is very patient with the students D．he can create a competitive atmosphere
2.（2025届Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）高三下学期第三次模拟）
Amina’s lungs burned as she reached the summit of the hill, her feet pounding against the unfamiliar pavement of her new hometown. As she ran, memories flashed through her mind.
Six months earlier, Amina had fled her war-torn homeland. When she finally reached this small town in a country whose language she barely spoke, she felt more out of place than ever. That first week, she had hardly left her tiny apartment. But on the eighth day, driven by a restlessness she couldn’t shake, Amina laced up her worn running shoes and stepped outside.
At first, she ran to escape — from the memories, from the pitying looks of her new neighbors. But with each day and each mile, something began to shift. The rhythmic pounding of her feet became a way to process the hurt she’d endured and the challenges that lay ahead. Weeks later, Amina had explored every street of her new town. She started recognizing faces on her runs: the elderly man waving from his porch, the smiling mother pushing a stroller. One day, to her surprise, she found herself waving back.
Now, as Amina pushed up the last hill of her route, she realized how far she’d come. Running had become her lifeline, a way to bridge the gap between her past and her present. When she approached the entrance of her apartment building, she noticed her English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, standing with several other runners from the community. They held a banner reading, “Walnut Grove Running Club.”
Mrs. Thompson stepped forward, smiling warmly. “Amina, we’ve seen you running every day. We wondered if you’d like to join our club.”
Amina felt a lump form in her throat. She nodded, a smile spreading across her face. “Yes,” she said, her accent still thick but her voice strong. As the group cheered and welcomed her, Amina realized she had been running through more than just physical borders. With each step, she had been crossing the boundaries of fear, isolation, and hurt.
1．What can be learned about Amina
A．She was a distance runner at home.
B．She spoke the local language fluently.
C．She left her motherland because of war.
D．She missed her motherland very much.
2．What initially motivated Amina to start running
A．To explore her new hometown. B．To escape pain and loneliness.
C．To prepare for a running club. D．To reach the summit of the hill.
3．What does “waving back” in paragraph 3 suggest about Amina
A．She had learned the local customs.
B．She had mastered the local language.
C．She wanted to impress Mrs. Thompson.
D．She began developing social connections.
4．Which can be the best title for the text
A．Running Through Borders B．Running Toward a Peaceful Life
C．Overcoming Pain Through Sports D．Breaking Barriers in a New Country
3.（2025·山西省临汾市高三适应性训练考试（一））My daughter is intelligent, but she’d never read an entire chapter book for pleasure. She’d read books for school, but getting her to do that was like pulling teeth, and on her own she’d read graphic novels and listened to “Harry Potter” audiobooks. None of those activities became a gateway to deep reading.
As a lifelong reader, I understand how reading enhances life. Yet, I found it difficult to communicate this to my daughter. She claimed to dislike reading and her friends also “weren’t into” reading. Certainly, my daughter’s having landed a smartphone last year is part of the problem. Before the phone, I had a child who was like a social Tigger, screaming with delight at something as simple as a new dessert. Post-phone, I had a monosyllabic blanket slug who wanted only to stay in her room with the door closed, under a quilt, palming that little rectangle as if unhanding it would make her social life disappear.
So I campaigned. I told her she needed to read because books are the best way to learn about how people’s insides work. She said she could learn more from watching the people spilling their insides on social media. I said books offer storytelling; she said Netflix did. … I realized I couldn’t win the debates because her arguments against reading seemed valid. Still, I wanted her to experience the subtle magic of reading — when an author sums up a feeling you didn’t even know you had, and lightbulbs go off on the top of your head.
So I offered her $ 100 to read a novel. She was surprised but agreed. We made a deal: $100 if she finished “The Summer I Turned Pretty” in a month. She finished the book in seven days and then read the sequel (续篇) in two weeks without extra pay.
Will this lead to a lifelong love of reading I don’t know. But we’ve opened a new portal to the printed page for her. I hope this quiet personal place will serve her for a lifetime.
1．What was the author’s concern about her daughter’s reading
A．She lost interest in academic reading. B．She preferred graphic novels to audio books.
C．She was missing out on the joy of deep reading. D．She was discouraged from reading by her friends.
2．What does the term “blanket slug” refer to in paragraph 2
A．A social butterfly. B．A blanket-wrapped sleeper.
C．A bookworm beneath a blanket. D．A physically inactive phone addict.
3．What does the author think of the deal made with her daughter
A．Rewarding. B．Short-sighted. C．Amusing. D．Short-lived.
4．What’s the suitable title for this passage
A．How to Make Your Child Love Reading B．A $ 100-bet on Daughter’s Reading Habit
C．The Struggle of Parenting in the Digital Age D．The Decline of Children’s Reading Interest
记叙文创新练
1.（2025·黑龙江省大庆实验中学高三下学期得分训练（六））
During my early years, I focused on eye-catching landscape photography. I spent time in the Himalayas, Patagonia and Tasmania and returned with pictures of breathtaking beauty which I thought were “awesome”. But a one-month camping trip to the Menindee lakes along Darling-Baaka in Australia shifted my perspective; Photography is more than taking photos.
As I became increasingly familiar with the place, I learned that human activities led to widespread deforestation and drought in the area, resulting in many dead trees. Driving across the region, I recalled that Sydney was blanketed by smoke for months on end as bushfires swept through the east coast. Fortunately, the La Ni a weather cycle reached Australia, increasing rainfall and causing the continent’s short-lived rivers to spring back to life. Yet, the image of bushfires stayed with me, and I felt driven to do something. That was when the photo Blaze came into being.
I spoke to the local authority, explaining that I hoped to create a “burning” tree as a beacon (灯塔) to draw people’s attention to deforestation. They showed great interest because fire is an integral part of the Australian farming and the natives.
I connected a few of the gas canisters (罐) generally used for barbecues to flexible gas lines called “slinkies”, which could be wired up the back of the tree, away from the tree and out of sight of the public. These produced an outline of flames when I lit them, as if the tree were on fire. It was lit for 15 seconds while I got the shot, and fire-fighting equipment was prepared. Even though the tree was dead, it was still a vital habitat. But the gas flames did no damage and the insects that lived inside were unharmed.
I love that when people look at the photo, they can concretize the delicacy of our natural world while appreciating Blaze.
1．What is the author’s new perception of photography
A．It involves professional skills. B．It should carry deep meanings.
C．It requires high-end equipment. D．It should produce beautiful pictures.
2．What inspired the author to create Blaze
A．Local environmental changes. B．Traditional Australian farming.
C．Scenery of the Menindee lakes. D．Support from the local authority.
3．Which of the following images best illustrates the photo Blaze
A． B． C． D．
4．What is the photo Blaze intended to be
A．A means of enhancing artistic taste. B．A strategy to beautify the landscape.
C．A call to raise public awareness. D．A window to showcase local culture.
2.（2025·北京市房山区期中考试）
①I was born with a rare disorder, for which I’ve lived with pain, both physical and mental, my whole life. But things blew up in 2020 when I changed my job. And when I realized that I needed to slow down, I took up things that required presence. So I slowed down. I took up birding, which required a huge amount of awareness. I added it to my self-care routine.
②To combine my new-found hobby with my long-standing passion: travel, my husband and I planned a trip to Guatemala.
③Knut, our guide, picked us up before dawn. We drove in sleepy silence to a nature reserve, where Knut purposefully pulled over at a seemingly random place. Knut said it was a meeting place of owls (猫头鹰), a great spot to see one.
④In the completely black forest, unknown birds blew their evil clown whistles. “I can’t see my hand in front of my face. How am I going to spot an owl ” I thought.
⑤Knut pulled a speaker out. Then it let out a long calling sound. We waited and waited. Nothing happened.
⑥Just as dawn was breaking and I was losing interest, a non-digital sound rang out. Our owl friend landed in a nearby tree where I could barely make out its black shape. Knut quickly readied the scope and shone a flashlight about five feet away from the bird. Watching the details of every feather through the scope, I muttered, “Thanks owl, thanks universe.” After a few minutes, the bird disappeared without a sound.
⑦More than 60 different species later, our two-day expedition was over and Knut invited us to his yard to go over “the checklist.” Lists can memorialize a field day. While we were deeply involved in checking, Knut interrupted at times to point out who was visiting his bird feeders. A clan, a redstar... I held my breath when the violet sabrewing hummingbird touched down. Honestly, who designed these things Incredible. At that moment, I realized that hiking with Knut was a huge success, but observing the birds in his yard was definitely the highlight.
⑧Now, I still like birding, which keeps reminding me that if I slow down and pay attention, what I’m looking for is usually right in front of me.
1．Why did the author start birding
A．To follow advice.
B．To explore nature.
C．To escape job stress.
D．To practice self-care.
2．How did the author feel when she saw the owl
A．Anxious. B．Depressed.
C．Grateful. D．Calm.
3．Which part of the journey did the author like best
A．Getting to know Knut.
B．Birding in Knut’s yard.
C．Going over the “checklist”.
D．Hiking in a nature reserve.
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．Slowing down shows what lies in front.
B．Pursuing passion is the path to success.
C．Experiencing misfortune is a valuable lesson.
D．Being patience achieves what seems impossible.
3.（2025届湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三模拟试卷（三））
My fingers trembled as I signed the pre-medical application form. The watercolor brushes on my desk stared back at me like abandoned friends. I’m Lora, an 18-year-old who secretly drew brain diagrams on napkins while classmates drew cartoons. “Art feeds the soul but starves the body,” Mom always said. Her words haunted (萦绕) me as my biology textbooks slowly buried my drawing pads.
Then came the school career fair that changed everything. Dr. Eleanor Whitman from Harvard asked us to list our “hidden skills”. My hand shook as I wrote “observing details”—something I’d learned from painting flower petals (花瓣). “That’s medical research’s most needed skill!” she exclaimed, sharing how a student turned microbiology notes into textbook illustrations. My lab partner whispered, “Remember our photosynthesis (光合作用) comic ” For the first time, my two worlds didn’t feel so separate.
The real surprise came during hospital volunteering. Watching surgeries, I noticed something—the steady hands of doctors reminded me of my brushwork. When a boy struggled to describe his pain, I drew a fire-breathing dragon on his cast. “You made medicine speak,” the nurse said. Slowly, my drawing pads filled with cells that looked like colored-glass art and X-rays arranged like abstract paintings.
Mr. Dawson, our career counselor, helped connect these dots. On his whiteboard, my medical knowledge and art skills overlapped in a bright yellow circle labeled “Medical Illustration”. He showed me job listings I never knew existed—graphic designers for science apps, 3D modelers for anatomy (解剖) classes. “Your ‘impractical’ skill makes you stand out,” he said, pointing to my dragon drawing now used in pain management workshops.
Today, my microscope and paintbrushes share the same desk. The same hands that once hesitated between them now create 3D models of viruses for vaccine education. Sometimes I teach young patients to draw their feelings instead of describing them. My story isn’t about heart and reality canceling each other out—they just multiply possibilities.
1．What can be inferred about Lora from paragraph 1
A．She had given up the hobby of drawing.
B．She was excited about studying medicine.
C．She felt torn between art and medical study.
D．She regretted not practicing painting earlier.
2．Dr. Eleanor thought of Lora’s “hidden skills” as ______.
A．a plus B．a leisure C．a distraction D．a burden
3．How did Lora’s hospital experience influence her
A．It helped develop her surgical skills.
B．It directed her toward doctor training.
C．It boosted her enthusiasm for abstract art.
D．It convinced her of art’s role in healthcare.
4．What message does the author want to convey
A．When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
B．A picture is worth a thousand words.
C．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
D．No skill is ever wasted.
4.（2025·陕西省九师联盟高三押题信息卷（四））
“I feel like I just came back from Egypt!” reported my friend after her experience at the Horizon of Khufu Exhibition at Phoenix Center in Beijing.
“It’s even better than my in-person visit to the country,” another friend cut in.
After hearing all their crazy talks, I decided that I had to see it for myself. Being no stranger to VR gaming experiences, I believe I can be more objective than my VR-virgin friends who were so impressed by this exhibition. My verdict It’s definitely worth a visit.
This traveling exhibition has already been in London, Montreal, and Atlanta before coming to Beijing. So rest assured that language is not an issue, since visitors can choose from English, Chinese, and French for the whole thing.
The 45-minute VR experience requires visitors to wear a VR headset that is among the most comfortable ones I’ve worn — not slipping or shifting, no matter how hard I moved around.
The tour begins with a tent in Egypt at night, with an enthusiastic guide bringing me on an after-dark VIP tour of the Great Pyramid of Giza. That sounds innocent enough to start and gives me time to get used to moving around the space without walking into the walls, which appeared as red barriers in my headset. Then about the time when I start getting comfortable, things get interesting when the lights go out and the goddess Bast shows up as a huge floating cat… It is really amazing. You should definitely experience it yourself!
The Horizon of Khufu Exhibition is currently running until Aug 25 at Phoenix Center, 3 Chaoyang Park Nanlu. Tickets are RMB 238 on weekdays, and RMB 298 on weekends. Children shorter than 1.1 m are not allowed to enter. Visitors can buy their tickets at the door or online on popular ticketing platforms like Dianping by searching “Hufu Skyline-Pyramid Chenjin Shitansuo Tiyanzhan”.
1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “verdict” in paragraph 3
A．Conclusion. B．Evidence. C．Experience. D．Problem.
2．What did the author think of the VR headset
A．It was unsafe. B．It was satisfying.
C．It was too tight. D．It was expensive.
3．What can be learned about the exhibit
A．A lot of pictures are on display. B．Tickets have to be booked online.
C．Kids below 1.1 m are not allowed in. D．It will come to China on Aug 25.
4．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An advertisement. B．A product description.
C．A tourist guidebook. D．A post on social media.
1.【2025年全国II卷】Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford (LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”
There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”
4. Who does Ho teach at LPCH
A. Sick children. B. Young nurses.
C. Medical students. D. Patients’ parents.
5. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job
A. Prioritizing academics. B. Encouraging innovation.
C. Treating various diseases. D. Playing multiple roles.
6. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4
A. Offering regular lessons. B. Paying extra attention.
C. Assigning no schoolwork. D. Showing no sympathy.
7. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good
A. It eases peer pressure. B. It helps them live in hope.
C. It frees them from aches. D. It entertains them with stories.
2. 【2025年全国I卷】In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important ” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
4. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1
A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents.
C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters.
5. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay
A. They were not given enough time. B. They had a very limited vocabulary.
C. They misunderstood the question. D. They had little interest in the topic.
6. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing.
7. What does the author’s experience show
A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep.
C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect.
3.【2024浙江1月卷】When was the last time you used a telephone box I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago， right The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young professional”.
As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to
A. The play. B. The shared house.
C. The sofa. D. The telephone box.
5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006
A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice.
C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition.
6. What do we know about the “mini community library”
A. It provides phone service for free. B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C. It is popular among young readers. D. Books must be returned within a month.
7. Why did the author start to use the “library”
A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C. He found there were excellent free books.
D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
4.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo, Paris for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving - but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk.
As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.
Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors.
When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.
I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them.
4. Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home
A. To ensure their survival. B. To observe their differences.
C. To teach them life skills. D. To let them play with his kids.
5. What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in paragraph 3
A. Behave badly. B. Lose their way. C. Sleep soundly. D. Miss their mom.
6. What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home
A. Boring. B. Tiring. C. Costly. D. Risky.
7. Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo
A. They frightened the children. B. They became difficult to contain.
C. They annoyed the neighbours. D. They started fighting each other.
5.【2021年全国甲卷】When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain 第02讲 阅读理解——记叙文
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01考查记叙文中的人物和事件的特征
考向02 考查主旨大意
考向03 考查细节理解题
考向04 考查写作目的
考向05 考查猜测词义
02 核心突破练
记叙文创新练
03 真题溯源练
考向01考查记叙文中的人物和事件的特征
1.（2025届四川省巴中市高三下学期三模）
On her 53rd birthday, Debra Ferrell received the usual well-wishes on Facebook, but she also got some unusual messages. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (自闭症) and nonverbal, was struggling with grief. They were reaching out to Ferrell, seeking any possible support. “Could you bring him some comfort ” they asked with deep sadness.
Ferrell’s heart ached when she read the message. She knew she had to do something. She sent them a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near.” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants. Ferrell says, “I hope it brings him some comfort. Sometimes, a small gesture can mean the world to someone going through a tough time.”
This is not the first time that Ferrell decided to give gifts for her birthday. In fact, for her 47th birthday in 2014, she founded Love with Skin On, an organization devoted to doing good deeds near her home in Roanoke, Virginia, and beyond. Its motto is simple: Be Love, Do Stuff. “I believe that small acts of kindness can make a big difference,” Ferrell explains. “It’s amazing to see the joy on people’s faces when you do something unexpected for them.”
To celebrate her 53rd birthday, Ferrell decided to commit 53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month. She put out a call on her Facebook page, asking for information on people who could use a little help. Over the years, she has reached out and touched well over 100 strangers, some found through Facebook callouts, others with help from her grandkids. In another act of giving, she shares her favourite inexpensive and creative gift ideas on Pinterest for others to use. Her grandkids often join her on these missions, making it a family affair. “It’s amazing to see the joy on people’s faces,” she says. “And it’s even more rewarding when my grandkids are involved. They learn the value of kindness and compassion.”
Ferrell funds all these acts of kindness herself. She buys gift cards, makes pay-it-forward purchases at drive-throughs, sends care packages, and even covers the gas to deliver these surprises. Her family often gives her extra birthday cash, jokingly warning her not to spend it on others, but she always does. “I got a couple of Amazon gift cards for my birthday this year and was like YESSS!” she says with a laugh. “It’s my party, and I’ll give if I want to!”
1．On Deba Ferrell’s 53rd birthday, what did she receive
A．Invitations to give a speech at a community event.
B．Beautiful birthday gifts from Love with Skin On.
C．Unique birthday wishes with moving stories.
D．Messages calling for help.
2．What does Deba Ferrell do on Pinterest
A．She lets her grandkids participate in family activities.
B．She introduces innovative ideas.
C．She buys presents for strangers.
D．She distributes care packages.
3．What description matches Deba Ferrell most accurately
A．Warm-hearted and generous.
B．Aggressive and demanding.
C．Modest and cautious.
D．Logical and cold.
4．What meaning does the story express
A．The significance of founding organizations.
B．The pleasure of giving expensive gifts.
C．The power of small acts of kindness.
D．The desire for social media fame.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述Debra Ferrell通过生日善举传递温暖，践行“小善举的力量”的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“On her 53rd birthday, Debra Ferrell received the usual well-wishes on Facebook, but she also got some unusual messages. One was about a family in Minnesota who had just lost their four-year-old son to cancer. His older brother, autistic (自闭症) and nonverbal, was struggling with grief. They were reaching out to Ferrell, seeking any possible support. “Could you bring him some comfort ” they asked with deep sadness. (在她53岁生日那天，黛布拉·费雷尔在脸书上收到了通常的祝福，但她也收到了一些不寻常的消息。其中一个是关于明尼苏达州的一个家庭，他们刚刚因为癌症失去了四岁的儿子。他的哥哥患有自闭症，不会说话，正在与悲伤作斗争。他们正在联系费雷尔，寻求任何可能的支持。“你能给他一些安慰吗？”他们悲伤地问)”可知，她在生日时收到了带有求助故事的特殊信息。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In another act of giving, she shares her favourite inexpensive and creative gift ideas on Pinterest for others to use.(在另一项善举中，她在Pinterest上分享自己最喜欢的经济实惠又有创意的礼物点子，供他人参考)”可知，费雷尔在Pinterest上分享创新的礼物创意。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“To celebrate her 53rd birthday, Ferrell decided to commit53 random acts of kindness by the end of her birth month. (为了庆祝她的53岁生日，费雷尔决定在出生月底前随机做出53件善举)”以及最后一段“Fernelll funds all these acts of kindness herself. She buys gift cards, makes pay-it-for ward purchases at drive-throughs, sends care packages, and even covers the gas to deliver these surprises. (费雷尔亲自资助了所有这些善举。她购买礼品卡，在免下车处进行预付费购买，发送爱心包裹，甚至支付运送这些惊喜的油费)”可知，德巴·费雷尔富有同情心且慷慨大方。故选A项。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第二段“Ferrell’s heart ached when she read the message. She knew she had to do something. She sent them a wind chime (风铃) with the message “Listen to the wind and know that I am near.” written on the clapper. It now hangs in the four-year-old’s bedroom, where his brother can go to listen to it whenever he wants. Ferrell says, “I hope it brings him some comfort. Sometimes, a small gesture can mean the world to someone going through a tough time.” (费雷尔读到这条消息时，心里很疼。她知道她必须做点什么。她给他们发了一个风铃，上面写着“听风，知道我就在附近。”。现在，它挂在四岁孩子的卧室里，他的兄弟可以随时去听。费雷尔说：“我希望这能给他带来一些安慰。有时候，一个小小的举动对一个正在经历艰难时期的人来说可能意味着整个世界。”)”及全文讲述的送风铃、践行53件随机善举等事例可知，文章传递“小善举的力量”这一核心。故选C项。
2.（2025届湖南省长沙市周南中学普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试（三））
College professors these days face an ever-higher bar to grab the attention of their students. Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the United States, has managed to get her students excited about science.
Known as “Dr. Tatiana”, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up (积累) hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms. In the videos, Erukhimova uses a range of everyday objects in her experiments, from ping pong balls and toilet paper to bicycle wheels and hair dryers.
It’s clear she knows what it takes to get young people excited about a hard science. But it isn’t always that way. When she first started teaching college freshman classes almost two decades ago, she struggled to grab the attention of her younger students. She was used to teaching juniors (大三学生) and found it easier to teach them. “By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,” she says. “But when it comes to teaching a large lecture hall of 100-plus first-year students, first impressions are important. Unfortunately, I did not grab their attention on the first day — that was my mistake!”
By the second semester, she found her footing, adjusting her approach to make her lecture halls feel smaller and get her students engaged. “Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage, she says. “And add showy demonstrations, which help students connect the abstract concepts with real life.”
Erukhimova has earned more than just recognition on social media. In October 2023, she was honored with a national award for science outreach “for leadership in bringing the excitement of physics through innovative education programs.”
1．What can we infer about Erukhimova from the first two paragraphs
A．She excites widespread interest in science.
B．She wants to be popular on social media.
C．She is passionate about making online videos.
D．She likes to play tricks on her students.
2．Why did Erukhimova find it easier to teach juniors
A．Juniors could study entirely on their own.
B．She used simpler teaching methods for juniors.
C．She didn’t have to worry about first impressions.
D．Juniors showed a higher level of commitment to learning.
3．How did Erukhimova find her footing in the second semester
A．By engaging them in smaller groups.
B．By following a traditional teaching method.
C．By reducing the number of students in the class.
D．By making herself approachable and her teaching engaging.
4．Which of the following best describes Erukhimova
A．Humorous. B．Enthusiastic. C．Stubborn. D．Demanding.
【答案】393．A 394．D 395．D 396．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国得克萨斯农工大学的物理学教授Tatiana Erukhimova有创意地教学生们物理知识，激发了学生们对科学的热爱。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Yet, Tatiana Erukhimova, who teaches physics at Texas A&M University in the United States, has managed to get her students excited about science.(然而，在美国德克萨斯 A&M 大学教物理的Tatiana Erukhimova成功地让她的学生对科学感到兴奋)”以及第二段“Known as ‘Dr. Tatiana’, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm. Videos of her theatrical demonstrations have racked up (积累) hundreds of millions of views across social media platforms(这位被称为‘ Tatiana博士’的教授以无限的精力和热情表演物理技巧。她富有戏剧性的演示视频在社交媒体平台上已经积累了数亿的浏览量)”可知，她不仅让自己的学生对科学兴奋，其演示视频在社交媒体上也广受欢迎，这表明她激发了人们对科学的广泛兴趣。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“‘By junior year, students enrolled in physics are determined to learn,’ she says.(‘到了大三，选学物理的学生都下定决心要学习，’她说)”可知，大三学生对学习物理有决心，也就是大三学生在学习上表现出更高的投入程度，所以Erukhimova觉得教大三学生更容易。故选D项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Talk to your students before and after class. Walk up and down the stairs when you teach your class rather than stay on the stage, ’she says. ‘And add showy demonstrations, which help students connect the abstract concepts with real life.’(‘在课前和课后和你的学生交谈。上课时在楼梯上下走动，而不是一直待在讲台上，’她说。‘并且增加引人注目的演示，这有助于学生将抽象的概念与现实生活联系起来。’)”可知，她通过课上课后和学生交流，在上课时在教室走动而不是只待在讲台上，让自己更亲近学生，还增加引人注目的演示，使教学更具吸引力，从而在第二学期站稳了脚跟。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Known as ‘Dr. Tatiana’, the professor performs physics tricks with boundless energy and enthusiasm.(这位被称为‘Tatiana博士’的教授以无限的精力和热情表演物理技巧)”可知，“with boundless energy and enthusiasm(以无限的精力和热情)”表明她是充满热情的。故选B项。
3.（2025·湖北省鄂东南高三下学期5月联考）
Ghanaian photojournalist Paul Ninson arrived in New York five years ago with a passion for visual storytelling. To his surprise, the city’s libraries and museums held more photographs documenting Africa’s past and present than he had ever seen in Ghana. “How could our history be better kept here than at home ” he wondered. This realization became the start of his life’s work: to build a library in Ghana where Africans could reclaim their stories through photography.
Growing up, Ninson loved family stories told by his grandparents, but photography was seen as an unwise career choice in Ghana. However, he sold his iPhone to buy a camera and taught himself the skill. His early projects, like recording a Kenyan community started by women escaping violence, strengthened his belief that Africans must own their visual history.
In 2019, Ninson joined a photography school in New York. There, he eagerly read hundreds of photobooks — a clear difference from Ghana, where such books were rare. When museums refused to share their records, Ninson promised to build his own library. He searched secondhand stores, asked publishers for help, and filled storage units with over 30,000 books, even using up all his credit card limits. His friend Brandon Stanton’s $1.2 million online fundraiser made the dream possible. With the funds, Ninson shipped the books to Ghana and established the library.
On a December morning in 2022, the Dikan Center — “take the lead” in Ghana’s Akan language — opened in Accra, near the Gulf of Guinea’s historic coast. The library’s two collections celebrate African views: one focuses on Africa and Africans living abroad, the other displays works by photographers worldwide. Among its treasures is Ninson’s first New York purchase: The Gold Coast Yesterday and Today, a 1940s photobook documenting Ghana’s history before it gained independence in 1957. “It reminds us where we’ve been and where we’re going,” he says.
1．What inspired Ninson to create African’s own visual history
A．Finding photobooks in secondhand stores.
B．Studying at a New York photography school.
C．Developing his family storytelling traditions.
D．Finding more African records overseas than locally.
2．Why is The Gold Coast Yesterday and Today important
A．It contains stories from his grandparents.
B．It was donated by a photography school.
C．It shows Ghana’s history under foreign rule.
D．It was Ninson’s first photobook purchase in New York.
3．What best describes Paul Ninson’s character as highlighted in the text
A．Ambitious and humorous.
B．Creative and sympathetic.
C．Conventional and home-centered.
D．Committed and forward-thinking.
4．What does Ninson’s story mainly inspire us to do
A．Value teamwork in cultural projects.
B．Use technology to document history.
C．Pursue cultural goals through determined action.
D．Rely on external institutions for heritage protection.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了加纳摄影记者保罗·尼森为了重拾非洲的视觉历史，在纽约收集了大量摄影书籍，并最终在加纳建立了迪坎中心图书馆的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段后三句“To his surprise, the city’s libraries and museums held more photographs documenting Africa’s past and present than he had ever seen in Ghana. “How could our history be better kept here than at home ” he wondered. This realization became the start of his life’s work: to build a library in Ghana where Africans could reclaim their stories through photography. (令他惊讶的是，这座城市的图书馆和博物馆收藏了比他在加纳见过的更多的记录非洲过去和现在的照片。“为什么我们的历史在这里比在家里保存得更好 ”他想知道。这一认识成为了他毕生工作的起点：在加纳建立一个图书馆，让非洲人可以通过摄影重拾他们的故事。)”可知，是尼森发现海外比本地有更多的非洲记录，这激发了他创造非洲人自己的视觉历史的灵感。故选D项。
2．细节理解题。根据最后一段后两句“Among its treasures is Ninson’s first New York purchase: The Gold Coast Yesterday and Today, a 1940s photobook documenting Ghana’s history before it gained independence in 1957. “It reminds us where we’ve been and where we’re going,” he says. (在它的珍宝中，有尼森在纽约的第一件藏品:《黄金海岸的昨天和今天》，这是一本20世纪40年代的摄影集，记录了加纳在1957年独立之前的历史。“它提醒我们，我们来自哪里，要去哪里，”他说。）”可知，《黄金海岸的昨天和今天》重要是因为它展示了加纳在外国统治下的历史。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段后四句“When museums refused to share their records, Ninson promised to build his own library. He searched secondhand stores, asked publishers for help, and filled storage units with over 30,000 books, even using up all his credit card limits. His friend Brandon Stanton’s $1.2 million online fundraiser made the dream possible. With the funds, Ninson shipped the books to Ghana and established the library. (当博物馆拒绝分享他们的记录时，尼森承诺要建立自己的图书馆。他搜遍了二手商店，向出版商寻求帮助，并在仓库里塞满了3万多本书，甚至用完了所有的信用卡额度。他的朋友布兰登·斯坦顿在网上筹集了120万美元，使这个梦想成为可能。有了这笔资金，尼森把这些书运到了加纳，并建立了图书馆。)”可知，尼森承诺建立自己的图书馆，并且努力实现，说明他是一个有决心的人；根据最后一段前两句“On a December morning in 2022, the Dikan Center — “take the lead” in Ghana’s Akan language — opened in Accra, near the Gulf of Guinea’s historic coast. The library’s two collections celebrate African views: one focuses on Africa and Africans living abroad, the other displays works by photographers worldwide. (2022年12月的一个早晨，迪坎中心——在加纳的阿肯语中意为“领先”——在几内亚湾历史悠久的海岸附近的阿克拉开业。图书馆的两个馆藏展示了非洲的观点:一个关注非洲和生活在国外的非洲人，另一个展示世界各地摄影师的作品。)”可知，尼森不仅关注非洲，还关注生活在国外的非洲人，并展示世界各地摄影师的作品，说明他是一个有远见的人。由此可推知，保罗·尼森的性格可以用“有决心和有远见”来形容。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了加纳摄影记者保罗·尼森从意识到非洲的历史在国外保存得更好，到决定建立图书馆让非洲人通过摄影找回他们的故事，并且通过自己的努力，包括学习、寻找书籍、筹集资金等行动来实现这个目标。因此，他的故事主要激励我们通过坚定的行动来追求文化目标。故选C项。
考向02 考查主旨大意
1.（2025届海南省华中师范大学琼中附属中学等校高三下学期高考仿真卷）
A few months ago, when I received an email about an available allotment(小块菜园地)in my area, I struggled to remember when I had signed up for one. It turns out I had done so two years ago, fuelled by my envy for people who have their own gardens. Back then, all I wanted was a small bit of outdoor space that felt like my own, to plant flowers, or herbs. A place where I could read and write in the sun, safe from distractions.
Fast forward to now, I spend hours a week sowing, weeding, watering and harvesting with my husband after seeking guidance from family and watching beginner’s gardening YouTube videos. Given that I knew nothing about gardening at the start, the fact that I’ve managed to grow anything feels like a miracle.
My summer at the allotment has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows. Take the humble cauliflower(花椰菜)— a common sight in the supermarket aisle (过道), yet the patience it demands lasts for up to six months, tending and nurturing, all for a flash moment on the plate.
Seasonality has also taken on a new meaning. I knew of course that all fresh food has its “season”, yet abundant harvests come with a lesson in impermanence(无常). Fresh produce goes off quickly once ripened and picked. And so I’ve turned to the old craft of preservation — learning what to boil and freeze, pickle(腌渍), or make into jam — to make things last.
While gardening is a welcome escape from the chaos of the modern world, you can’t avoid the reality of the climate crisis. This year, a wet summer in the UK meant terrible to most plants.
As I continue to tend my allotment, I do so with a sense of humility, wonder and excitement. What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us. In the beginning, I was worried I’d fail the allotment; instead, I’m finding myself growing alongside it and appreciate what it has brought to me.
1．What inspired the author to sign up for an allotment two years ago
A．Her love for reading in the sun. B．Her wish to grow herbs for cooking.
C．Her envy of people with their own gardens. D．Her need to escape from the modern world.
2．We can infer from the passage that the author ____________.
A．was always confident in her gardening skills B．has a deeper understanding of food and nature now
C．will stop gardening due to the climate crisis D．only grows cauliflower in her allotment
3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A．The new meaning of seasonality the author learned.
B．The ways to preserve fresh produce.
C．The importance of eating fresh food.
D．The author’s favorite recipes made from garden produce.
4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．My Journey with the Allotment B．The Miracle of Gardening
C．Lessons from the Climate Crisis D．The Art of Growing Cauliflower
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者申请并获得一小块菜园地后的经历和感悟，包括从对园艺一无所知到逐渐掌握种植技巧，从对食物生长过程的新认识到对季节性和食物保存的理解，以及对气候变化影响菜园的体会。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It turns out I had done so two years ago, fuelled by my envy for people who have their own gardens.(原来，两年前我因羡慕拥有自家花园的人而提交了申请)”可知，作者两年前申请菜园地的直接原因是羡慕拥有自家花园的人。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“My summer at the allotment has so far offered countless lessons, but the most important one has been learning more about how food actually grows.(到目前为止，我在菜园的这个夏天收获了无数感悟，但最重要的是更深入地了解了食物的生长过程)”以及最后一段“What started as a desire for a small patch of green has grown into something much more significant — a connection to my local environment, a respect for the food I eat and an awareness of the fragile natural systems that sustain us.(当初只是想要一小片绿地，如今却演变成了更有意义的事——与当地环境的联结、对食物的尊重，以及对维系我们生存的脆弱自然系统的认知)”可推测，作者通过园艺对食物生长和自然系统有了更深刻的理解。故选B。
3．主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Seasonality has also taken on a new meaning. I knew of course that all fresh food has its “season”, yet abundant harvests come with a lesson in impermanence (无常). Fresh produce goes off quickly once ripened and picked. And so I’ve turned to the old craft of preservation—learning what to boil and freeze, pickle (腌渍), or make into jam—to make things last.(“季节性”对我也有了新的意义。我当然知道所有新鲜食物都有“季节”，但丰收也让我领悟了“无常”。新鲜农产品一旦成熟采摘，很快就会变质。于是我开始学习古老的保存技艺——研究哪些可以煮沸冷冻、腌渍或制成果酱——让食物得以留存)”可知，本段首句提出自己对季节性有了新的理解，然后围绕作者对“季节性”的新理解展开：新鲜农产品的“无常”特性促使她学习保存技艺。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章以作者申请并照料菜园地的经历为主线，讲述了从最初的羡慕、零基础尝试，到在种植过程中对食物、自然和季节的感悟，以及克服气候挑战的心路历程。选项A“My Journey with the Allotment(我的菜园地之旅)”概括了全文内容。故选A。
2.（2025届湖南省邵阳市高考信息卷（一））
Timothée Chalamet, the son of a French father and Russian Jewish mother, grew up in an artistic family. In his early twenties, the New York native had already been a longtime working actor. Since 2017, this young talent has become a household name.
While filming his big-screen debut (首次亮相), Christopher Nolan’s drama Interstellar, Timothée Chalamet knew very little of Hollywood, let alone the world. The young man had completed two short films and a role in a TV play Homeland, but at 17 did not yet know how to drive a car. Thankfully for him, his onscreen father, Oscar winner Matthew McConaughey, was there to give Chalamet some guidance, through the fields of corn and beyond.
Since Interstellar’s 2013 release, the actor has gotten his license, spent a year studying at Columbia University, and worked on some films. He also learned to play a couple of musical instruments and picked up Italian in preparation to star in the film Call Me By Your Name. The film conquered Sundance and became a festival-circuit darling. To Chalamet, the whole scene was, understandably, strange. “Luca, Armie, and I were watching the film together in a small box, which was a special moment in itself,” he said. “And when the credits ended, they immediately put this blinding spotlight on us, so that we couldn’t see the audience, but we heard this incredible reaction. I’m a theater guy at heart, so to have a film experience that mirrored the theater experience was totally surreal.”
In a lengthy Instagram post, Chalamet said that the past year has changed the way he “see and feel about so many things”. “I am learning that a good role isn’t the only criteria for accepting a job—that has become much clearer to me in the past few months, having witnessed the birth of a powerful movement intended to end injustice, inequality and, above all, silence,” he wrote.
1．What can be inferred about Timothée Chalamet when he filmed “Interstellar”
A．He was already familiar with Hollywood culture. B．He had difficulty operating a vehicle.
C．He had starred in multiple feature films. D．He learned Italian for the role.
2．Why did Chalamet learn Italian
A．To study at Columbia University.
B．To connect with his Russian Jewish heritage.
C．To communicate with his co-stars in “Hostiles”.
D．To prepare for his role in “Call Me By Your Name”.
3．What does the underlined word “surreal” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Boring. B．Confusing. C．Dreamlike. D．Frightening.
4．What is the primary focus of the passage
A．Chalamet’s evolving career and reflections on artistic growth.
B．Chalamet’s struggles with addiction and social issues.
C．The challenges of Chalamet’s learning new languages for film roles.
D．The cultural impact of “Call Me By Your Name”.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了提莫西·查拉梅的演艺生涯及个人感悟。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The young man had completed two short films and a role in a TV play Homeland, but at 17 did not yet know how to drive a car. (这个年轻人已经完成了两部短片，并在电视剧《国土安全》中扮演了一个角色，但17岁的他还不知道如何开车)”可知，提莫西·查拉梅在拍摄《星际穿越》时还不会开车，也就是开车对他来说有困难。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“He also learned to play a couple of musical instruments and picked up Italian in preparation to star in the film Call Me By Your Name. (他还学会了演奏几种乐器，并学会了意大利语，为出演电影《请以你的名字呼唤我》做准备)”可知，提莫西·查拉梅学意大利语是为了出演电影《请以你的名字呼唤我》。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“I’m a theater guy at heart, so to have a film experience that mirrored the theater experience was totally surreal. (我内心是个戏剧人，所以拥有一种与戏剧体验相呼应的电影体验是完全surreal的)”可知，提莫西·查拉梅内心是个戏剧人，所以对他来说，拥有一种与戏剧体验相呼应的电影体验是非常不真实的，就像做梦一样，所以surreal的意思是“梦幻般的，不真实的”。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Timothée Chalamet, the son of a French father and Russian Jewish mother, grew up in an artistic family. In his early twenties, the New York native had already been a longtime working actor. Since 2017, this young talent has become a household name. (提莫西·查拉梅的父亲是法国人，母亲是俄罗斯犹太人，他在一个艺术家庭中长大。二十出头时，这位纽约本地人就已经是一位长期从事演艺工作的演员了。自2017年以来，这位年轻的人才已经家喻户晓)” 、第三段中“Since Interstellar’s 2013 release, the actor has gotten his license, spent a year studying at Columbia University, and worked on some films. He also learned to play a couple of musical instruments and picked up Italian in preparation to star in the film Call Me By Your Name. (自《星际穿越》2013年上映以来，这位演员已经拿到了驾照，在哥伦比亚大学学习了一年，并参与了一些电影的拍摄。他还学会了演奏几种乐器，并学会了意大利语，为出演电影《请以你的名字呼唤我》做准备)”以及最后一段“In a lengthy Instagram post, Chalamet said that the past year has changed the way he ‘see and feel about so many things’. ‘I am learning that a good role isn’t the only criteria for accepting a job—that has become much clearer to me in the past few months, having witnessed the birth of a powerful movement intended to end injustice, inequality and, above all, silence,’ he wrote. (在Instagram上的一篇长文中，查拉梅表示，过去一年改变了他‘看待和感受许多事情的方式’。他写道：‘我了解到，一个好的角色并不是接受一份工作的唯一标准——在过去的几个月里，当我目睹了一场旨在结束不公正、不平等，最重要的是结束沉默的强大运动的诞生时，这一点对我来说变得更加清晰了’)”可知，主要讲述了提莫西·查拉梅的演艺之路，表达了他对过去一年中经历的反思和对艺术成长的看法。由此可知，文章主要讲述了提莫西·查拉梅不断发展的演艺生涯以及他对艺术成长的反思。故选A。
3.（2025届江苏省南通基地大联考高三下学期模拟预测）
When Strauss’s first wife passed away, it was a shock for him and their then-10-year-old daughter, Molly. Seeing her facing a challenge she really wasn’t prepared for, Strauss naturally turned to what he knows best: storytelling.
“I had the idea that perhaps stories of great heroes and the way they met challenges and hardships in their lives could be inspirational to her,” Strauss says. The principal at his daughter’s elementary school had lost her own mother when she was nine and developed a close bond with Molly. Her school hosted the first plays, and the principal advised him to design the plays to fit in with the standard school curriculum, so that teachers could achieve their education goals along with Strauss’s objectives.
Strauss calls his collection of plays the Spirit Series, “because it’s a celebration of the human spirit and because our job is to spirit students over a threshold (门槛) in a transformative way”. Unlike in regular theater plays, the Spirit Series plays leave room for the children to plug in their own dialogue, put themselves in the historic figures’ shoes and write essays about big questions posed by the historic figures in the plays, for instance: What do you want out of life when you grow up Does popularity feed the soul
The Spirit Series has been hosted by more than 100 schools and 60,000 students in California. The results students and teachers report are striking: More than a quarter of students improve academically and in social and emotional skills. More than 90 percent of students report improved teamwork after participating, and nearly 82 percent of participating teachers said that the series enhances focus.
Today, the Spirit Series has expanded into Spirit Corps, which provides video-assisted storytelling that Strauss is rolling out more widely this year, and Spirit Works, a coaching program for teachers, “because you can’t expect students to go where you can’t lead them,” Strauss says. “Transformative outcomes in classrooms begin with self-transformation.”
1．Why did Strauss create the Spirit Series
A．To express the love to his lost wife. B．To help his daughter tackle the sorrow.
C．To offer standard curriculum to schools. D．To promote traditional theater education.
2．What makes the Spirit Series plays special
A．They record major historic events. B．They are a collection of students’ essays.
C．They are written by a less-known writer. D．They allow children to add their own creation.
3．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning the Spirit Series
A．Its positive impacts. B．Its high profitability. C．Its potential problems. D．Its great complexity.
4．What message does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph convey
A．Teachers should improve their teaching aims. B．Teachers should be a model for the students.
C．Teachers should coach their students. D．Teachers should reform their teaching.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Strauss为帮助丧母的女儿而创作the Spirit Series戏剧教育项目，该项目通过互动式历史人物故事激发学生的创造力和思考能力，并在加州多所学校取得显著教育成效，最终扩展为更全面的教师培训计划。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“When Strauss’s first wife passed away, it was a shock for him and their then-10-year-old daughter, Molly. Seeing her facing a challenge she really wasn’t prepared for, Strauss naturally turned to what he knows best: storytelling. (当Strauss的第一任妻子去世时，这对他和他们当时年仅10岁的女儿Molly来说是个沉重的打击。看着女儿面对这个完全没有准备好的挑战，Strauss很自然地转向了他最擅长的事情：讲故事)”和第二段中Strauss所说的话“I had the idea that perhaps stories of great heroes and the way they met challenges and hardships in their lives could be inspirational to her (我想到，或许那些伟大英雄的故事以及他们如何面对人生挑战与困境的经历，能够给她带来启发)”可知，Strauss创作该剧的初衷是帮助女儿应对悲伤。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike in regular theater plays, the Spirit Series plays leave room for the children to plug in their own dialogue, put themselves in the historic figures’ shoes and write essays about big questions posed by the historic figures in the plays (与传统戏剧不同，the Spirit Series剧目为孩子们留出了创作空间：他们可以自行添加台词、代入历史人物的角色，并针对剧中历史人物提出的深刻问题撰写文章)”可知，该剧的特别之处在于允许孩子们加入自己的创作。故选D项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第四段中“The results students and teachers report are striking: More than a quarter of students improve academically and in social and emotional skills. More than 90 percent of students report improved teamwork after participating, and nearly 82 percent of participating teachers said that the series enhances focus. (师生们反馈的成果令人瞩目：超过25%的学生在学业及社交情感技能方面取得进步；参与项目后，90%以上的学生表示团队协作能力提升；近82%的参与教师认为该系列课程显著提高了学生的专注力)”可知，该段通过数据说明该剧的积极影响。故选A项。
4．词句猜测题。画线句的上文“because you can’t expect students to go where you can’t lead them (因为你无法要求学生到达你未能引领之处)”表明教师需先具备引领的能力，再根据画线句“Transformative outcomes in classrooms begin with self-transformation. (课堂的变革性成果始于自我变革)”可知，此处指教师需先改变自身教学方式，才能引导学生实现转变。故选D项。
考向03 考查细节理解题
1.（2025届吉林地区普通高中高三下学期猜题信息）
Just over a decade ago, a story spread about a man who was trapped in his snow-covered car for two months during an extremely cold Swedish winter. Peter Skyllberg, 44 years old at that time, became trapped in his car, near the city of Umea in northeast Sweden.
He was discovered 60 days after he went missing — when two people on snowmobiles passed the buried car, thinking it was abandoned. When they cleared the window and looked inside, they saw something moving and informed emergency services. Ebbe Nyberg, a local police officer at the scene, said the man was in a sleeping bag and could talk a little, but he was very weak. The man appeared to have survived by drinking melted snow, but there was no food in the car.
Dr. Ulf Segerberg, the chief medical officer at Norrland University Hospital, said he had never seen a case like it. He explained that the man survived thanks to the “igloo (冰屋) effect” created by his snow-covered car. Even in very cold temperatures, igloos can be warm inside because body heat is kept in by the snow walls. The man’s car, covered in thick snow, worked like a blanket.
The source of heat was his body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), though it must have been very low. Body heat is produced when the body turns food into energy. Since the man hadn’t eaten properly for weeks, his metabolism would have been very slow, but it produced enough heat to keep him alive, like a tiny candle in the dark. “If you have good clothes, you would survive in those temperatures and be able to keep your body temperature,” said Dr. Segerberg.
Although protected from the winter cold, his body temperature had dropped to around 31℃ — which is dangerously low. A healthy person’s temperature is usually around 37℃. Skyllberg was lucky and only needed treatment in a regular hospital ward. His story is remarkable and can provide some medical implications because of both the extremely low temperatures and the extraordinary amount of time his body managed to stand them.
1．What did the two men do when they found Peter
A．They made emergency calls. B．They gave him some food.
C．They sent him a sleeping bag. D．They wrapped him in a blanket.
2．How did Dr. Ulf Segerberg probably feel about Peter’s survival
A．Universal. B．Upsetting. C．Unbelievable. D．Unaccountable.
3．How did Peter mainly manage to stay alive during the 60 days
A．By eating food. B．By candlelight.
C．By wearing thick clothes. D．By his body heat.
4．What can we know from the last paragraph
A．The body’s metabolism speeds up in cold weather.
B．Peter’s case is meaningful in the medical field.
C．A slight drop of body temperature is deadly.
D．Peter needed long-term treatment.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了44岁的Peter Skyllberg被困在积雪的汽车里60天后获救的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When they cleared the window and looked inside, they saw something moving and informed emergency services.(当他们擦干净窗户往里面看时，他们看到有东西在动，于是通知了紧急救援部门)”可知，那两个人发现Peter后打了紧急救援电话。故选A项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Dr. Ulf Segerberg, the chief medical officer at Norrland University Hospital, said he had never seen a case like it.(诺尔兰大学医院的首席医疗官Ulf Segerberg博士说，他从未见过这样的病例)”可知，Ulf Segerberg博士说自己从未见过这样的病例，说明他对Peter的存活感到难以置信。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The source of heat was his body’s metabolism (新陈代谢), though it must have been very low. Body heat is produced when the body turns food into energy. Since the man hadn’t eaten properly for weeks, his metabolism would have been very slow, but it produced enough heat to keep him alive, like a tiny candle in the dark.(他的体温源自身体的新陈代谢——尽管这代谢活动想必极其微弱。人体将食物转化为能量时会产生热量。由于数周未能正常进食，他的代谢速率已变得异常缓慢，但就像黑暗中的微弱烛光，这残存的热量恰好维持着他的生命之火)”可知，Peter在60天里主要靠身体产生的热量存活。故选D项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“His story is remarkable and can provide some medical implications because of both the extremely low temperatures and the extraordinary amount of time his body managed to stand them.(他的故事很了不起，由于极低的温度和他的身体设法承受这种低温的超长时长，这个故事能提供一些医学方面的启示)”可知，Peter的案例提供一些医学方面的启示，在医学领域有意义。故选B项。
2.（河北省部分校名校联考2025届高三下学期5月全仿真预测）
Eileanoir from Ireland began studying with The Open University (OU) at just 15 years old. What started as a way to challenge herself while still at school, became her route into a role with a multinational start-up and a life of exploring the world.
“I loved languages at school,” said Eileanoir, “but I didn’t feel like I was learning enough. My mum, who had studied with the OU suggested I investigate the courses on offer.”
She continued, “After my headmaster agreed, I signed up for a Bachelor (学士) of Arts (Honors)Open Degree with a focus on languages. I found the OU courses simple to follow and well organized.”
Eileanoir went on a trip to Spain, which was the first time she had been abroad without her family. Her ability to use different languages made her really want to travel. Eileanoir has now travelled to over 30 countries, including Brazil, Mexico and Morocco.
Eileanoir finished her OU degree at 20 and after obtaining a Masters in Marketing, she landed a position in a company. Not only does she use her language knowledge every day, but there are also various transferrable (可转换) skills that have come in handy.
“The OU prepared me for working independently — it made me good at organizing my own time and staying focused on the task at hand. We worked on a major campaign in Quebec, so my French has been useful, especially as I’m the only person on the team that can speak the language. It’s helped me stand out.”
For those that are about to start their studies with the OU or are considering beginning their journey into further education, Eileanoir has some advice. “It’s always a good idea to have like a list written down so that you have a clear idea of what you need to achieve each day. Trying to remember everything can be a real headache. It’s also useful to map out the long-term goals, whether it’s deadlines or a career milestone.”
1．What was Eileanoir’s initial motivation for studying with the OU
A．To challenge herself during her school days.
B．To follow in her mother’s footsteps.
C．To gain enough language skills for traveling.
D．To find a job in a multinational company.
2．What did Eileanoir think of the OU courses
A．They were difficult to understand. B．They focused mainly on marketing.
C．They required constant parental monitoring. D．They were well structured and easy to follow.
3．What can be inferred about Eileanoir’s experience in Quebec
A．The campaign was not very successful. B．She struggled with the language barrier.
C．Her language skills were crucial for her team. D．She was the only one who could speak Spanish.
4．What is Eileanoir’s advice for students starting their studies with the OU
A．They should focus on daily tasks. B．They should prioritize language skills.
C．They should aim for great achievements. D．They should set clear goals and plan ahead.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自爱尔兰的Eileanoir在15岁时开始在开放大学（OU）学习，她通过学习不仅挑战了自己，还为未来的职业生涯和世界探索之旅奠定了基础。
1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Eileanoir from Ireland began studying with The Open University (OU) at just 15 years old. What started as a way to challenge herself while still at school, became her route into a role with a multinational start-up and a life of exploring the world.(来自爱尔兰的Eileanoir在15岁时就开始在开放大学（OU）学习。起初，这是她在上学时挑战自我的一种方式，后来却成为了她进入一家跨国初创企业工作、探索世界生活的途径。)”可知，Eileanoir最初在开放大学学习的动机是在上学期间挑战自己。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“I found the OU courses simple to follow and well organized.(我发现开放大学的课程很容易理解，组织得也很好。)”可知，Eileanoir认为开放大学的课程结构良好，易于理解。故选D项。
3．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“We worked on a major campaign in Quebec, so my French has been useful, especially as I’m the only person on the team that can speak the language. It’s helped me stand out.(我们在魁北克开展了一项大型活动，所以我的法语很有用，尤其是因为我是团队中唯一能说这种语言的人。这让我脱颖而出。)”可推知，Eileanoir在魁北克的工作经历中，她的语言技能对团队来说至关重要。故选C项。
4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For those that are about to start their studies with the OU or are considering beginning their journey into further education, Eileanoir has some advice. ‘It’s always a good idea to have like a list written down so that you have a clear idea of what you need to achieve each day. Trying to remember everything can be a real headache. It’s also useful to map out the long-term goals, whether it’s deadlines or a career milestone.’(对于那些即将开始在开放大学学习或正在考虑开始深造的人来说，Eileanoir有一些建议。‘写一份清单总是一个好主意，这样你就能清楚地知道每天需要完成什么。试图记住所有事情真的会让人头疼。规划长期目标也很有用，无论是截止日期还是职业里程碑。’)”可知，Eileanoir对于即将在开放大学开始学习的学生的建议是设定明确的目标并提前规划。故选D项。
3.（2025·湖北省襄阳市第五中学高三下学期一模）
Last summer at a bookstore, my son Henry was fascinated by the cover of the first novel from Peter Brown’s middle-grade trilogy (三部曲). He then finished it in just two days. “Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad ” He tearfully asked me.
The story is set on a remote island, where a robot named Roz learns to survive and communicate with the island’s creatures, and becomes part of the community. For my son, it was the first book he discovered on his own; the first to impact him with the mix of tragedy and joy.
When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it. In our book club discussion, he described how Brown’s pictures and words had made the story feel real. When talking about its final scenes, where Roz leaves to find repairs for her injured body, Henry cried again. His previous reading experiences had cheerful, “happily-ever-after” endings, but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions. I tried to explain how sadness can enhance the meaning of happy moments, but failed to fully convince him.
Once our discussion ended, Henry requested to buy The Wild Robot Escapes and instantly fell in love with it. He read the first two books repeatedly, so you can imagine his excitement when we finally got a copy of The Wild Robot Protects.
We both agree it is worth the wait. Roz leaves the island again to stop an underwater threat: “the poison tide.” Brown expertly balances between breathtaking adventure and unsettling ideas — not just happiness and sadness, but also, given the climate-change undercurrents, hope and despair.
And, here’s something special about Roz: her physical clumsiness and confusion about life, conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth. Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place, much like a child’s journey. Readers love Roz. They learn from her. Even better, they learn alongside her. Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts, getting him ready to appreciate that, sometimes, sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.
1．What made the author read The Wild Robot
A．Its tragic ending.
B．Its attractive cover.
C．Henry’s emotional response to it.
D．Henry’s tearful recommendation.
2．How was the trilogy different from books Henry had read
A．It referred to the topic of robots.
B．It expressed complicated feelings.
C．It prevented an underwater threat.
D．It described the scene of an island.
3．What makes Roz in the trilogy special
A．Her robotic power.
B．Her adventurous spirit.
C．Her strange expressions.
D．Her struggling experiences.
4．What does the author want to convey to us
A．Misfortune inspires great literary works.
B．Robot stories work like magic on children.
C．Book discussions help kids survive tragedies.
D．Reading tragedies facilitates personal growth.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了《荒岛机器人》后，被故事内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“‘Dad, why did The Wild Robot have to be so sad ’ He tearfully asked me.(‘爸爸，为什么《荒野机器人》读起来这么悲伤？’他含泪问我)”以及第三段“When I finished the book, I knew why Henry loved it.(当我读完这本书的时候，我知道Henry为什么喜欢它了)”可知，Henry对这本书的情绪反应促使作者阅读《荒野机器人》。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“His previous reading experiences had cheerful, ‘happily-ever-after’ endings, but this book introduced him to the beauty of complex emotions.(他以前的阅读经历都是愉快的，‘从此幸福快乐’的结局，但这本书让他认识到复杂情感的美)”可知，三部曲和Henry以前读的书的不同之处在于它表达了复杂的情感，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“And, here’s something special about Roz: her physical clumsiness and confusion about life, conveyed through her expressive eyes and downturned mouth. Her story reflects the challenges of surviving in a strange place, much like a child’s journey.(而且，Roz有一些特别之处：她身体上的笨拙和对生活的困惑，通过她富有表现力的眼睛和下垂的嘴传达出来。她的故事反映了在一个陌生的地方生存的挑战，就像一个孩子的旅程)”可知，三部曲中Roz的特别之处在于她的奋斗经历，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Roz gave Henry the power to push through the first book’s sad parts, getting him ready to appreciate that, sometimes, sadness isn’t a bad thing to feel.(Roz给了Henry读完第一本书悲伤部分的力量，让他准备好去欣赏，有时候，悲伤并不是一件坏事)”并结合文章主要讲述了作者的儿子阅读了一本书《荒野机器人》后，被故事内容所打动。于是作者也阅读了这本书，并感悟到悲伤如何能增强快乐时刻的意义以及悲伤也可以让人成长可推知，作者想表达的是阅读悲剧有助于个人成长。故选D。
考向04 考查写作目的
1.（2025届湖南省邵阳市大联考高三下学期三模）
In “Overcoming the Shadow of Failure”, we follow Lily, a young worker whose career suffered a big setback a year ago. As the leader of an important project, she met unexpected problems and small mistakes that led to failure. This bad event left her in deep self-doubt, guilt, and a deep fear of taking on new tasks. She started avoiding work chances, thinking any challenge would end in failure, and finally asked a coach for help.
A coach’s real job, the story shows, is not to solve problems directly but to build inner strength. Over 10 months, Lily’s coach worked with her to create ways to manage stress and rebuild her confidence in her skills. They made careful answers to hurtful comments like “Your project really failed, didn’t it ” to help her face such words without breaking down.
During a key meeting, Lily still focused too much on her mistakes, seeing them as a sign of her lack of ability. The coach then told a personal story: once, after preparing a lot for a public speech, they made mistakes in some parts but were still praised for their try. This was to show that blaming oneself often exaggerates errors—mistakes in what you do don’t decide your value.
Lily stopped and then said she had been being too hard on herself for no good reason. She realized failure was a lesson, not the end of everything. Slowly, she started to take on small projects, each time telling herself about her progress. Her worry reduced, and her courage came back.
Six months later, the coach received an email with an invitation to Lily’s promotion party. The invitation showed her great change: from a woman defeated by one setback to a confident worker who saw challenges as opportunities to grow. It proved that coaching is mainly about guiding the way to self-acceptance—turning the shadow of failure into a step for success.
1．Why did Lily go to a coach
A．A project failure caused her mental struggle.
B．She wanted to get a promotion quickly.
C．She had conflicts with her boss.
D．She lacked experience in teamwork.
2．How might Lily feel when colleagues mentioned the failed project at first
A．Dismissive. B．Heartbroken. C．Unconcerned. D．Worried.
3．What can we infer from Lily’s inviting the coach to her promotion party
A．She wanted to show off her promotion.
B．The coach became her close friend.
C．The coach helped her regain professional confidence.
D．She needed the coach’s advice for her new position.
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage
A．To describe the process of career coaching.
B．To criticize the harm of self-blame.
C．To introduce a successful coach’s methods.
D．To encourage readers to face failure with self-empowerment.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是年轻工人莉莉在事业遭受重大挫折后，如何通过教练的帮助克服内心阴影、重建自信并最终实现职业成长的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“As the leader of an important project, she met unexpected problems and small mistakes that led to failure. This bad event left her in deep self-doubt, guilt, and a deep fear of taking on new tasks.(作为一个重要项目的负责人，她遇到了意想不到的问题和小错误，导致了失败。这件糟糕的事情让她陷入了深深的自我怀疑、内疚和对接受新任务的深深的恐惧之中。)”可知，莉莉去找教练是因为项目失败导致她心理挣扎。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“They made careful answers to hurtful comments like “Your project really failed, didn’t it ” to help her face such words without breaking down.(他们针对诸如“你的项目确实失败了，不是吗？”这类伤人的评论给出了谨慎得体的回应，帮助她在面对这类话语时不会崩溃。)”可知，当同事们一开始提到这个失败的项目时，莉莉会心碎，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Six months later, the coach received an email with an invitation to Lily’s promotion party. The invitation showed her great change: from a woman defeated by one setback to a confident worker who saw challenges as opportunities to grow.(六个月后，教练收到了一封邮件，里面是莉莉晋升派对的邀请函。这份邀请函见证了她的巨大转变：从一名被挫折击垮的女性，蜕变为一位将挑战视为成长机遇的自信职场人。)”可知，教练帮助她重拾了职业信心。故选C。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“A coach’s real job, the story shows, is not to solve problems directly but to build inner strength. Over 10 months, Lily’s coach worked with her to create ways to manage stress and rebuild her confidence in her skills. They made careful answers to hurtful comments like “Your project really failed, didn’t it ” to help her face such words without breaking down.(这个故事表明，教练的真正职责并非直接解决问题，而是帮助学员培养内在力量。在十个月的时间里，莉莉的教练与她合作，共同探索应对压力的方法，并重建她对自身能力的信心。他们针对诸如“你的项目确实失败了，不是吗？”这类伤人的评论，精心构思回应方式，帮助她在面对这类话语时不会情绪崩溃。)”可知，本文主要讲的是年轻工人莉莉在事业遭受重大挫折后，如何通过教练的帮助克服内心阴影、重建自信并最终实现职业成长的故事，作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励读者以自强面对失败。故选D。
2.（2025·陕西省咸阳市武功县普集高级中学高三下学期模拟）
Catherine Borowski and her partner Lee Baker are the founders of Graphic Rewilding (再野化), a project to place huge nature-inspired artworks into the urban landscape. “We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down (破败的) spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,” says Baker.
Baker, a painter, has long understood the benefits of biophilic (热爱自然的) design. Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit. It was around this time that Baker met Borowski, and joined her production company as a creative director. The pair have worked together ever since, launching Graphic Rewilding in 2021.
Since then, they’ve decorated many buildings at locations including Earl’s Court Underground Station, Lewes Castle and Westfield Shopping Centre in Shepherd’s Bush — all hand-drawn by Baker. “We love galleries, but we focus on public art. This way, our work is out there for everyone to enjoy,” Baker says.
The pair believe that flowers possess strong power, even when they’re not real. “We know that spending time in nature is good for us, but studies show that even pictures of plants have a positive effect on the mind,” says Baker. He cites the research, which found that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress in patients.
Even so, they admit that art is no match; for Mother Nature. “Some people expressed concern that our project might hurt real rewilding efforts. But both can coexist.” says Borowski. “Of course, we want more green spaces. But we aren’t gardeners. We’re artists. In the absence of nature, we want to create inspiring spaces through art.”
Overall, the response has been hugely positive. “The joy that these artworks bring is evident,” says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted on brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins. “There were so many smiling faces,” she says. “Putting art into a place that previously felt unloved feels like developing joy where there was none.”
1．What does Baker express in the first paragraph
A．Intention of their project. B．Features of their artworks.
C．People’s reaction to their project. D．Difficulty in creating their artworks.
2．Why did Baker take to drawing flowers
A．To display them at some exhibitions.
B．To sell them to others and make a living.
C．To recover from his depression and anxiety.
D．To attempt to publish them on social media.
3．Why does Baker mention the research in the fourth paragraph
A．To prove their views. B．To reveal its mistakes.
C．To doubt about its conclusion. D．To improve their drawing skills.
4．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Their paintings can’t fit in with nature.
B．The two wish to be gardeners in the future.
C．Their company is expected to take in more artists.
D．The two drew many pictures in Crawley, West Sussex.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了Catherine Borowski和Lee Baker共同创立的“Graphic Rewilding”项目，旨在通过将大型自然主题艺术作品带入城市景观中，为破败空间注入自然的色彩与多样性。文章介绍了他们创作理念的来源、对公众的影响以及外界对他们项目的评价。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中““We just want to add the colour and diversity of nature into run-down (破败的) spaces, urging people to notice and find joy in the world around them,” says Baker. (贝克说：“我们只是想把自然的色彩和多样性带入破败的空间中，促使人们去关注并发现周围世界的美好。”)”可知，Baker表达的是他们开展这个项目的意图。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Having suffered a breakdown 10 years ago, Baker found that drawing flowers was the only way to lift his spirit(十年前曾经历精神崩溃的Baker发现，画花是他唯一能让自己振作起来的方式)”可知，他画花是为了从抑郁和焦虑中恢复过来。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“He cites the research, which found that images of plants in hospital waiting rooms can help reduce feelings of stress in patients.(他引用了一项研究，该研究表明在医院候诊室摆放植物图片有助于减轻患者的紧张情绪)”可知，研究表明在医院候诊室摆放植物图片有助于减轻患者的紧张情绪，可以推断出Baker提到这项研究是为了证明他们的观点——即使不是真实的自然，图画也能对人的心理产生积极影响。故选A项。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段““The joy that these artworks bring is evident,” says Borowski, highlighting an early project in Crawley, West Sussex, where they painted on brick walls, billboards, benches and even bins.(“这些艺术品带来的快乐是显而易见的，”博罗夫斯基说，他强调了西苏塞克斯郡克劳利的一个早期项目，在那里他们在砖墙、广告牌、长凳甚至垃圾箱上作画）”可知，两人曾在克劳利创作了许多绘画作品。故选D项。
3.（2025届贵州省六盘水市纽绅中学高三下学期演练考试（一））
Chris Searle’s journey as a teacher at Sir John Cass Secondary School in Stepney, East London, began in 1970. He was driven by a strong connection to the area and a progressive vision for education. Having completed a postgraduate thesis (论文) on Isaac Rosenberg, a poet from the East End, Searle saw Stepney as a place filled with potential, in spite of its reputation as a hopeless community. He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds.
Searle’s unconventional approach conflicted with the traditional views of the school’s governors and teachers. At a time when discipline was harsh and students were often regarded as troublemakers, Searle viewed these underachieving teenagers as individuals with untapped potential. He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose.
His belief in poetry’s power materialized in the creation of Stepney Words, a collection of his students’ poems. Despite the pessimism from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. The collection gave the students a voice, but it also drew’ criticism from school officials who thought the poems were “too gloomy”.
Searle’s progressive ideals led to his dismissal from the school. However, his students, angered by the decision, organized a protest led by 16-year-old Zenaida de la Cruz. The entire school quickly united, standing together with Searle. On his return to the school, he found 800 students standing outside the gates in the rain, showing their support.
Though the government eventually allowed him to return, he decided to leave the school in 1974. His commitment to education did not end there — he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a lasting impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change.
1．What did Chris Searle believe could change lives of his students
A．Strict discipline. B．Peaceful community.
C．Education through poetry. D．Communication activities.
2．Why did Chris Searle believe poetry could help his students
A．It was a required subject in the school curriculum.
B．It could foster creativity and bring them purpose.
C．The school governors encouraged ‘ poetry writing.
D．His students had already won poetry competitions,
3．Why does the author mention the publication of poems in The Sun
A．To show the success of Searle’s approach despite criticism.
B．To prove that Searle’s methods were widely accepted.
C．To emphasize the students’ great academic struggles.
D．To criticize the media’s focus on negative topics.
4．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To criticize traditional teaching methods in London schools.
B．To argue that poetry is the most important subject in education.
C．To explain why students in Stepney faced academic challenges.
D．To describe Chris Searle’s innovative teaching approach and its impact.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了教师Chris Searle在伦敦Stepney执教期间，通过诗歌教学激发学生潜能，面对质疑坚持信念，并最终赢得学生支持的感人故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“He believed that education, particularly through poetry, could transform the lives of his students, many of whom came from low-income, high-risk backgrounds. (他相信教育，尤其是通过诗歌教育，可以改变他学生的生活，他们中的许多人来自低收入、高风险的背景)”可知，Chris Searle相信通过诗歌教育可以改变他学生的生活。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He believed that poetry could unlock their creativity and help them express their experiences, offering them a sense of hope and purpose. (他相信诗歌可以释放他们的创造力，帮助他们表达自己的经历，为他们提供一种希望和目标感)”可知，Chris Searle认为诗歌可以帮助他的学生是因为它可以培养创造力，并给他们带来目标感。故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Despite the pessimism from some staff who thought his methods too liberal, the poems gained attention, and some of them were even published in The Sun newspaper by March 1971. (尽管一些工作人员认为他的方法过于自由，但这些诗还是引起了人们的注意，其中一些甚至在1971年3月被《太阳报》刊登)”可推知，作者提到诗歌在《太阳报》上发表是为了表明尽管受到批评，Searle的方法还是取得了成功。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“His commitment to education did not end there — he continued to teach around the world and published his own poetry, leaving behind a lasting impact of optimism, innovation, and faith in the power of education to bring about change. (他对教育的投入并没有就此结束——他继续在世界各地教书，并出版了自己的诗集，留下了乐观、创新和对教育带来改变的力量的信念的持久影响)”以及通读全文可知，全文围绕Chris Searle采用诗歌教学的创新方法，描述其与传统教育的冲突、学生的支持及深远影响。由此推断，文章的主要目的是讲述Chris Searle创新的教学方法及其影响。故选D。
考向05 考查猜测词义
1.（2025届河北省部分校高三年级5月份联考猜题信息卷（二））
The playground at Garfield High School in East Los Angeles was wet from the morning’s rain. But the bad weather didn’t keep the Garfield graduates from gathering there to show their support for their former teacher, Jaime Escalante, who was in the end stages of cancer.
Although the Bolivian-born teacher, who inspired the 1988 movie Stand and Deliver, did not become a household name after Hollywood put his remarkable story on screen, he possessed a gift of inspiring his students to see themselves not as they were but as they could be.
“To make it,” Escalante used to tell his students, “you need ambition.”
Ambition was Escalante’s battle cry, not just in motivating his students. He also kept pushing it to the administrators and teachers. Stand and Deliver shows the tension perfectly in a scene: When Escalante announces that he wants to teach calculus (微积分) and advanced math at Garfield High School, the other teachers think it’s a joke, since Garfield is a school where the poor, hardened street kids are not even supposed to master mathematics.
Escalante admitted in an interview that Stand and Deliver was 90 percent truth, 10 percent drama. His biggest complaint was that the movie left the impression that his students mastered advanced mathematics overnight.
“The fact is that the kids ate, slept and lived mathematics,” Escalante said. “They arrived an hour before school and stayed two hours after school. They studied on Saturdays and during summer vacations.”
Some parents hated it too, and they let Escalante know it. In 1991, Escalante resigned, in part, because he was tired of the run-ins with those parents and his fellow teachers.
“But I want to be remembered as a teacher who sees potential everywhere,” he said. “You can’t be a good teacher unless you see the potential in every student.”
That’s what made Jaime Escalante such a great teacher.
1．What did Escalante’s fellow teachers think of his plan
A．Praise-worthy. B．Unambitious. C．Unrealistic. D．Motivating.
2．What can we say about Stand and Deliver
A．It has played down the students’ efforts.
B．It has brought in donations for the teacher.
C．It has helped the teacher become a national star.
D．It has ignored the challenges faced by the teachers.
3．Which of the following best explains “run-ins” underlined in paragraph 7
A．Formal discussion of an issue. B．Joi
