《Discovering Useful Structures & Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing》同步练习
基础巩固
一、选词填空(使用正确的形式)
turn into, (at) first hand, to name but a few, depend on, check out, a range of
1.Many companies, which are from the sectors of fashion, travel services, and technology, , have signed up for the exhibition.
2.When visiting the country, I saw the efforts being made to bring communities together.
3.It is reported that a third of wildlife that freshwater habitats is in danger of extinction.
4.When heated, ice can water.
5.Before carrying out the task, we have got prepared to deal with possible cases.
6.Visitors a robot that was performing therapy techniques using methods of traditional Chinese medicine at a fair.
二、写出画线句子的省略形式
Jack: Hi, Henry! Did you watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday
Henry: 1.No, I didn’t watch the documentary about environmental protection on TV yesterday.
Jack: What a pity! I highly recommend it. 2.You can watch it online if you want to watch the documentary about environmental protection. It is about some of the worst environmental problems we are facing today. Global warming, for example, is a major problem caused by greenhouse gases. 3. I felt uncomfortable when I was watching the documentary.
Henry: Does it also talk about solutions to these problems
Jack: Yes. It includes interviews with more than 20 of the world’s leading experts on environmental issues. All of them come up with creative ideas on how to solve the problems. 4. Some call for the application of modern technology, and others call for a change of lifestyle.
Henry: I wish we could also do something to help. 5.Have you got any ideas
Jack: What about making a brochure about environmental problems
Henry: 6. It sounds great! Let’s get started after lunch.
三、单句语法填空
1.The company is in (finance) difficulties now, so the government’s help is needed.
2.Though beef may be good, it is difficult to cook it (suit) everyone’s taste.
3.It’s possible that they ate mushrooms or something similar, leaving them . (poison)
4.Paul turned his head away with his arms (fold) over his chest.
5.There is a large (collect) of wildlife in the national park, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
6. surprises us is that Jack, for English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.
7.Chinese (settle) contributed to the exploration of the American continent during the 19th century.
8.Although most of the work had been carried out by 1860, (construct) was not finished until a decade afterwards.
能力提升
一、完形填空
Wu Ming, a young German born after 1995, is a big fan of Chinese culture. As he thought some diseases couldn’t be treated 1 with Western medicine, he decided to 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In 2015, Wu came to Henan Province, where a strong TCM culture can be 3 . After a year of learning, he 4 the language barrier and started to learn Chinese medicine. Wu always 5 some Chinese herbal medicine by himself to know their flavors and effects, just like Shennong, a character in Chinese legend. In Wu’s opinion, TCM is one of the best-preserved 6 of Chinese culture.
Studying TCM also 7 Wu’s mind and lifestyle. He used to be 8 to electronic devices, playing video games every night. Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily 9 , he now lives a 10 and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading.
Wu 11 what he has learned to help his family. He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after 12 their skin or tongues online. Over time, his family gradually understands his 13 for TCM.
Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries. " 14 comes from being out of touch," said Wu. He plans to run a traditional Chinese clinic in Germany, which can serve as a 15 between the two countries and publicize TCM and its culture.
1.A. immediately B. gradually C. entirely D. regularly
2.A. depend on B. dig into C. look up D. work out
3.A. created B. enjoyed C. advanced D. recorded
4.A. overcame B. seized C. divided D. escaped
5.A. raised B. sorted C. cooked D. tasted
6.A. aspects B. standards C. themes D. means
7.A. enriched B. reflected C. expanded D. changed
8.A. exposed B. devoted C. related D. addicted
9.A. businesses B. tricks C. routines D. tasks
10.A. normal B. healthy C. rewarding D. diverse
11.A. applies B. promotes C. summarizes D. expresses
12.A. predicting B. checking C. touching D. comparing
13.A. concern B. wish C. demand D. love
14.A. Misunderstanding B. Difference C. Stress D. Failure
15.A. source B. basis C. bridge D. tool
二、七选五
Traveling abroad is becoming increasingly popular these years. Some people are afraid of making linguistic(语言的) mistakes while traveling. Actually, cultural mistakes may be more serious, which can lead to serious misunderstanding. 1. .
●Touching Someone
2. In Mediterranean countries, if you don’t touch someone’s arm when talking to him or if you don’t greet him with kisses or a warm hug, you’ll be considered cold. However, if you backslap(拍背) someone who isn’t a family member or a good friend in Korea, you’ll make him uncomfortable.
In Thailand, the head is considered sacred — never even pat a child on the head.
●Talking over Dinner
In some countries, like China, Japan and some African nations, food is important, so don’t start chatting about your day’s adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner. 3. It’s not because your group is unfriendly, but because mealtimes are for eating, not talking.
●Removing Your Shoes or Not
Take off your shoes when arriving at the door of a London dinner party and the hostess will find you rude, but fail to remove your shoes before entering a home in Asia, Hawaii, or the Pacific Islands and you’ll be considered disrespectful. So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your shoelaces. 4. .
Once you are on the ground of a different country, remain highly sensitive to native behavior. 5. And don’t feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue-jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different.
A. If not, keep the shoes on.
B. You’ll be likely to meet with no response.
C. Never be completely surprised by anything.
D. Personal spaces are different among countries.
E. As the saying goes, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do."
F. Watch out for the following cultural mistakes and try to avoid them.
G. The linguistic mistake means that someone is not fully expressing his idea.
三、语法填空
Why was the ox chosen to be one of the 12 Chinese zodiac signs
Centuries ago, most people 1. (earn) their living by farming. The ox was used to help plough fields and carry heavy goods.
The ox has long had a significant place in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese poets and 2. (writer) frequently described the ox in literature. In The book of Songs, the 3. (old) existing collection of Chinese poetry, the animal was mentioned several times in the 305 pieces. The ox 4. (consider)a symbol of diligence(勤奋) and earnestness in Chinese culture. To this day, the phrase "the spirit of the ox" still refers 5. conquering anything that may present itself as a challenge. The spirit is 6. (high) praised and many people follow it as their work rule. When someone makes a great achievement through hard work, people often use "niu", meaning "awesome", 7. (describe) him or her.
Oxen seldom bully the weak or fear the strong. They work hard and make sacrifices(牺牲). This is reflected in Lu Xun’s poem In Mockery of Myself, 8. praises the ox’s attitude of 9. (serve) without complaining.
So naturally, those who were born in the year of the ox are often expected to be hard-working, reliable 10. loyal.
参考答案
基础巩固
一、选词填空
1.to name but a few
2.(at) first hand
3.depends on
4.turn into
5.a range of
6.checked out
二、写出画线句子的省略形式
1.No, I didn’t. 在简短对话中,答句常保留主语和助动词/be动词,省略其后主要动词及问句出现过的其他内容。根据问句中的"Did you"可知,此处答句可省略为"No, I didn’t."。
2.You can watch it online if you want to. 有时为避免重复,一些不定式作宾语时,可省略不定式符号to后的内容,即用to代替整个不定式。
3.I felt uncomfortable when watching the documentary.时间状语从句中,如果从句主语与主句主语一致,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,常省略从句中的主语和be动词。
4.Some call for the application of modern technology, and others a change of lifestyle. 在并列结构中,常省略与前面相同的主语、谓语或其他成分。此处"Some...and others..."构成并列结构,others后可省略call for。
5.Got any ideas /Any ideas 在与朋友闲谈、对话等非正式场合,在语境清晰且不影响理解的前提下,可省略主语或主语和动词。
6.Sounds great!/Great! 解析同上。
三、单句语法填空
1.financial 考查形容词。句意:这家公司目前财务困难,因此需要政府的帮助。空处修饰名词,故应用所给词的形容词形式。
2.to suit 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。suit one’s taste意为"适合某人的口味"。
3.poisonous; poisoned 考查词形转换和非谓语动词。句意:他们可能吃了毒蘑菇或者类似的东西,这导致他们中毒。第一空修饰名词,故用形容词poisonous"有毒的";第二空考查"leave+宾语+宾补"结构,them与poison是逻辑上的动宾关系,故第二空用过去分词作宾补。
4.folded 考查with复合结构。句意:Paul把头转到一边,双臂交叉在胸前。此处为with复合结构,fold和arms之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词作宾补。
5.collection 考查名词。根据空前的a large和空后的of可知此处应用名词,再结合句意可知,此处应填collection。a large collection of...表示"大量的……"。
6.What; whom 考查主语从句和定语从句。句意: 让我们感到惊讶的是, 英语对Jack来说曾经很枯燥,但他现在却能说得很流利, 就好像英语是他的母语一样。 " surprises us" 是主语从句,空处在主语从句中作主语,意为"……的事物",故用What。 "for English was once boring" 是定语从句,从句修饰先行词Jack,空处指代先行词并在从句中作for的宾语,故填whom。
7.settlers 考查词形转换和名词复数。句意:中国移民在十九世纪为开拓美洲大陆做出了贡献。根据句意可知此处应用名词settler"移民",settler为可数名词且此处表示复数含义,故填 settlers。
8.construction 考查词形转换。分析句子结构并结合句意可知,空处应用名词形式,且意为"施工",故填construction。
能力提升
一、完形填空
1.C 根据空后的"he decided to 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)"可知,无名认为西医并不能彻底治愈一些疾病,所以决定钻研中医。
2.B 他认为西医不能彻底治愈一些疾病,所以决定钻研中医。 depend on"依赖";dig into"钻研,探寻";look up"(在书、计算机等中)查找,查阅"; work out"计算出"。
3.B 根据上文中的"he decided to 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)"可知,他想要学习中医,肯定要去一个有浓厚的中医文化的地方。enjoy"拥有,享有"符合文意。
4.A 根据"After a year of learning"和"the language barrier"可推知,学了一年后,无名克服了语言障碍。overcome"克服"符合文意。
5.D 根据下文中的"just like Shennong, a character in Chinese legend"可知,无名像中国传说中的神农一样总是品尝中草药。taste"品尝"符合文意。
6.A 根据上文中的"Wu came to Henan Province, where a strong TCM culture can be 3 "可知,此处指无名认为中医是中国文化保存得最好的方面之一。aspect"方面"符合文意。
7.D 根据下文中的"Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily 9 , he now lives a 10 and peaceful life, practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading"可知,学习中医也改变了无名的思维方式和生活习惯。
8.D 根据下文中的"Instead of being trapped in the fast-paced but unhealthy daily 9 "及语境可知,此处指无名以前沉溺于电子设备中。be addicted to..."沉溺于……"符合文意。
9.C 根据空后的"he now lives a 10 and peaceful life"可知,无名改变了以往快节奏但不健康的日常生活。故选C。daily routines"日常生活"。
10.B 根据空后的"practicing good habits like drinking tea and reading"可知,现在无名过着健康且平静的生活。
11.A 根据下文中的"He always provides his family members with some advice about staying fit after 12 their skin or tongues online"可知,无名利用所学的中医知识帮助家人保持健康。apply意为"使用,应用",符合文意。
12.B 根据语境并结合常识可知,无名利用中医方法"望",即通过在线查看他们的皮肤和舌头,给他的家人提供一些关于保持健康的建议。check"查看,检查"符合文意。
13.D 根据上文中的" he decided to 2 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)"可知,此处指家人理解了无名对中医的热爱(love)。
14.A 根据上文中的"Wu thinks there’s no big difference between China and Western countries"可知,无名认为中国和西方国家没有巨大差别,误解来自于不了解。misunderstanding"误解"符合文意。
15.C 根据语境可知,无名打算在德国开设一个中医诊所。它可以作为两国之间的桥梁并在德国宣传中医及中医文化。故选C。
二、七选五
1.F 由下文列举的几个文化方面的错误可知,F 项"留心下面文化方面的错误,并且尽量避免它们"切题,选项中的 mistakes 对应上文,故选 F 项。
2.D 根据小标题"Touching Someone"和下文列举的地中海国家、韩国和泰国的例子可推知,空处是讲在不同的地方个人空间也不同,故选D项。
3.B 由上文中的"don’t start chatting about your day’s adventures while everyone else is digging into dinner"可知, 在别人吃饭的时候不要谈论事情,而空后的"It’s not because your group is unfriendly...not talking"则解释原因,因此可推知,B项"你很可能得不到回应"承接上下文,符合语境。
4.A 空前的"So, if you see a row of shoes at the door, start undoing your shoelaces"表示一种情况,即需要脱鞋的情况,结合选项可知,A项和上文进行对比,表示不需要脱鞋的情况,故选 A 项。
5.C 空后的"And don’t feel offended if something seems offensive — like queue-jumping. After all, this is a global village, and we are all very different"表示无论遇到什么情况,不要感觉被侵犯,因为每个人都不同,故C项"永远不要对任何事情感到完全惊讶"符合语境,与下文联系紧密。
三、语法填空
1.earned 考查动词的时态。根据时间状语Centuries ago可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作。故填earned。
2.writers 考查名词复数。由空前的poets可知,空处名词需用复数。故填writers。
3.oldest 考查形容词的最高级。根据常识可知,《诗经》是现存最古老的中国诗歌集,所以空处应用形容词的最高级形式。故填oldest。
4.is considered 考查动词的时态和语态。本句陈述客观事实,谓语动词需用一般现在时;又因为表示"牛被视为"之意,所以需用被动语态。故填is considered。
5.to 考查介词。refer to意为"指的是",为固定搭配。故填to。
6.highly 考查副词。空处需用副词作状语修饰谓语动词,且空处表示"高度地"。故填highly。
7.to describe 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词 use,且空前没有连词,所以空处需用非谓语动词;此处是"use sth. to do sth."结构,意为"用某物做某事"。故填to describe。
8.which 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是In Mockery of Myself,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,所以空处应用关系代词which。
9.serving 考查非谓语动词。介词of后需接动词-ing形式作宾语。故填serving。
10.and 考查连词。由空前后的形容词可知,此处表并列,且根据语境可知,空处需用并列连词and。
