（备战2024年中考）专题01词汇单选题-江苏省南京市适用
1．That model plane is not ________, it is ________. I made it ________.
A．theirs; mine; myself B．their; mine; myself
C．yours; her; myself D．yours; my; myself
2．Cutting down the trees is ________ to the environment.
A．painful B．harmful C．cruel D．helpful
3．My father is very busy, he ________ goes home to have lunch, he has lunch in his company.
A．ever B．often C．never D．always
4．People and birds share their homes _________ the blue sky.
A．under B．from C．beside D．without
5．To learn better, we _________ listen carefully in class and keep thinking actively.
A．could B．would C．should D．might
6．Nick is so _________ that he can keep everything in good order.
A．kind B．wealthy C．organized D．friendly
7．—Did you and your cousin go to the concert yesterday
—No. ________ of us went there.
A．None B．Neither C．Both D．All
8．Mary is crazy about DIY and makes lots of DIY works by _________.
A．she B．her C．hers D．herself
9．If you work hard and never ________, you will learn English well.
A．put up B．pick up C．give up D．grow up
10．I wish you to have good ________ and get good grades.
A．habit B．space C．luck D．interest
11．Tom has difficulty _________ Chinese, so he often asks me _________ advice.
A．to understand; with B．understanding; of
C．to understand; for D．understanding; for
12．The population of China is _________ than _________ of Japan.
A．big, that B．larger, those C．larger, that D．bigger, those
13．She started the first free senior high school for girls to help them get an _________ in Lijiang, Yunnan.
A．education B．invitation C．information D．imagination
14．—Always remember the proverb (谚语) “No one knows the ________ of the health until he loses it.”
—Yes. Nothing is more important than health.
A．truth B．value C．cause D．relationship
15．________ thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.
A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Anybody D．Nobody
16．Jenny likes the dress very much. So ________ wants to buy ________.
A．he; it B．he; one C．she; it D．she; ones
17．Jenny thinks playing the guitar is a good way to relax ________.
A．it B．her C．itself D．herself
18．Cindy walked to school this morning. She met Tom ________ the way.
A．at B．in C．on D．by
19．Miss Wilson ________ joins social parties because she values quiet evenings at home.
A．often B．seldom C．almost D．nearly
20．—Sorry, Suzy. I didn’t ________ to hurt you.
—Forget it, but don’t do that again. It’s just a joke to you, but to me, it’s not funny at all.
A．care B．prefer C．mean D．agree
21．Life often ________ to be stranger than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst.
A．turns out B．puts out C．runs out D．breaks out
22．—You look so worried. What happened
—I ________ forgot my wife’s birthday and I’m afraid she will be very angry.
A．successfully B．completely C．smoothly D．peacefully
23．You will surely realize your dream of being a great scientist ________ you give it up halfway.
A．unless B．since C．until D．whether
24．Jim didn’t get there on time because of the bad weather. What’s more, his car was in poor ________.
A．position B．situation C．condition D．direction
25．John is so ________ that he always plans his work and activities very well.
A．practical B．organized C．confident D．energetic
26．—How amazing! It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.
—Maybe you are right. But I’m afraid it won’t interest ________.
A．somebody B．nobody C．anybody D．everybody
27．There are too many people in the street so that he had to push his way ________ the crowd.
A．beyond B．against C．opposite D．through
28．—Look at the boy on the right. What’s he doing
—He’s ________.
A．washing the dishes B．playing chess
C．playing computer games D．playing football
29．—During the earthquake, the boy carried his disabled classmate and rushed outside.
—Such act should be fully ________.
A．expressed B．prepared C．changed D．praised
30．—What does “20 minutes for parks effect” mean
—It means spending 20 minutes in a park can help ________ stress.
A．cut down B．go through C．put on D．build up
31．—You look upset! What’s up
—Our class planned to have a study trip, but the sudden cold ________ us to give it up.
A．required B．allowed C．advised D．forced
32．—Which teacher will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara
—Miss Li. She is ________. So her classes are always interesting.
A．strict B．careful C．humorous D．popular
33．—How do you like these two pairs of shoes
—The colors are too light. ________ will match my suit well.
A．Both B．Neither C．Either D．Any
34．Guyu takes its name from the Chinese saying “rain produces hundreds of grains (谷)”, which shows the ________ between weather and farming.
A．choice B．connection C．difference D．competition
35．—How was your May Day holiday this year
—It’s hard to say. We drove to Hangzhou and tried to find a place for parking, but they were all _________.
A．taken up B．put up C．turned up D．stayed up
36．—Nowadays some people eat more than needed._________, they’re getting heavier and easier to get sick.
—To become healthier, they should control themselves and exercise more.
A．In fact B．What’s more C．Even though D．As a result
37．—It’s amazing that AI technology is developing in such a rapid way!
—In an era (时代) like this, _________ is impossible.
A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything
38．—Kimmy, never throw any object from the building. Even a small object _________ cause serious injuries, or death, when dropped from a great height.
—OK, I won’t do that, mum.
A．should B．must C．may D．need
39．Spring is a colourful season full of beautiful and lively scenes. Which of the following words is formed in the same way as the word “colourful”
A．beauty B．friendly C．impossible D．doorbell
40．On May Day holiday, I had a terrible experience because of the heavy ________. I was trapped for 13 hours on the highway!
A．tradition B．traffic C．trouble D．treasure
41．China successfully launched the Chang’e-6 spacecraft ________ the evening _________ May 3, 2024 at the Wenchang Space Launch Site to retrieve samples from moon’s far side.
A．at; on B．on; on C．on; of D．at; of
42．—Rise from the seat and ________ some fresh air, Josh. You should learn to relax after a long period of working.
—OK, I will. Many thanks, Mom.
A．make up B．give out C．take in D．put off
43．—It seems difficult for the two sides to reach an agreement.
—So great efforts have to be made to ________ these two needs.
A．balance B．meet C．weigh D．change
44．—How can you create such a hit story
—It was actually ________ by a conversation with my son.
A．written B．inspired C．pronounced D．invented
45．—I heard there was a fire in this building last night. Are the guests ________ now
—Thankfully, all the guests were brought out of the building successfully by firemen.
A．honest B．safe C．active D．healthy
46．—Could you come over to my home this weekend, Mike
— ________ day is OK. I am available these days.
A．None B．Both C．Either D．Neither
47．Maria is thought to have good ________ in music. The songs she chooses to listen to are pleasant.
A．talent B．style C．interest D．taste
48．—Mike, go and make sure the smoke alarms are ________ put in and will work well.
—OK. I will go and check.
A．properly B．probably C．especially D．specially
49．—Money is the most important in our life.
—Not exactly. Not ________ can be done with money.
A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing
50．For safety, you’d better read the ________ carefully before using the new home robot.
A．notices B．leaflets C．instructions D．introductions
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：那架模型飞机不是他们的，它是我的。我自己做的。
考查代词辨析。theirs他们的，名词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词；myself我自己，反身代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代；yours你的，名词性物主代词；her她的（形容词性物主代词），她（人称代词宾格）；my我的，形容词性物主代词。由“That model plane is not…, it is…”可知，两处空格后都无其他词，应用名词性物主代词，故选A。
2．B
【详解】句意：砍伐树木对环境有害。
考查形容词辨析。painful痛苦的；harmful有害的；cruel残忍的；helpful有帮助的。根据“Cutting down the trees is...to the environment”可知砍伐树木对环境有害。故选B。
3．C
【详解】句意：我父亲很忙，他从不回家吃午饭，他在公司吃午饭。
考查副词辨析。ever曾经；often经常；never从不；always总是。根据“My father is very busy...he has lunch in his company.”可知我的爸爸从来不回家吃午饭。故选C。
4．A
【详解】句意：人们和鸟儿在蓝天下共享他们家园。
考查介词辨析。under在……下面；from来自；beside在……旁边；without没有。根据“the blue sky”可知是在蓝天下，故选A。
5．C
【详解】句意：为了学的更好，我们应该在课上仔细听讲并保持积极思考。
考查情态动词辨析。could可以；would将会；should应该；might可能。根据“listen carefully in class and keep thinking actively.”可知这是在课上应该做的事，故选C。
6．C
【详解】句意：Nick是如此的有条不紊，他能保持每件东西井然有序。
考查形容词辨析。kind 善良的；wealthy 富有的； organized 有组织的，有条理的；friendly 友好的。根据“he can keep everything in good order”可知，能保持每件东西井然有序，说明他很有条理。故选C。
7．B
【详解】句意：——昨天你和你的表弟去听音乐会了吗？——没有。我们两人都没去那里。
考查代词辨析。None（三者及以上）都没有；Neither两者都不；Both两者都是；All（三者及以上）都是。根据“you and your cousin”和“No”可知此处指“两人都没有”，用neither。故选B。
8．D
【详解】句意：玛丽非常喜欢DIY，她自己做了很多DIY作品。
考查代词辨析。she她，主格；her她，她的，形容词性物主代词或代词宾格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。此处为固定搭配by oneself“独自地，单独”。故选D。
9．C
【详解】句意：如果你努力学习，永不放弃，你会学好英语的。
考查动词短语。put up张贴；pick up拾起；give up放弃；grow up长大。根据“If you work hard and never ..., you will learn English well.”可知，努力工作，永不放弃，你就会学好英语。故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：我祝你好运，取得好成绩。
考查名词辨析。habit习惯；space空间；luck运气；interest兴趣。根据“wish”和“get good grades”可知此处表示祝愿取得好成绩，因此应用good luck表示“好运气”。故选C。
11．D
【详解】句意：汤姆理解中文有困难，所以他经常向我征求建议。
考查非谓语动词和介词辨析。with和；of……的；for为了。have difficulty doing sth.“做某事有困难”；ask sb. for sth.“向某人要求什么”。故选D。
12．C
【详解】句意：中国的人口比日本的多。
考查形容词比较级和代词辨析。large大的，其比较级为larger；big大的，比较级为bigger；that指代不可数名词/单数可数名词；those指代可数名词复数。根据“The population of China”可知，形容人口应用large，排除AD选项；再根据population为单数形式，故代词应用that。故选C。
13．A
【详解】句意：她在云南丽江开办了第一所免费女子高中，帮助她们接受教育。
考查名词辨析。education教育；invitation邀请；information信息；imagination想象。根据“She started the first free senior high school for girls”可知，在高中是接受教育。故选A。
14．B
【详解】句意：——永远记住这句谚语：“没有人知道健康的价值，直到他失去它。”——是的。没有什么比健康更重要。
考查名词辨析。truth真相；value价值；cause原因；relationship关系。根据“of the health until he loses it.”可知，是说没有人知道健康的“价值”，直到他失去它。故选B。
15．D
【详解】句意：没人认为他能坚持住。然而，他最终赢得了比赛。
考查代词辨析。Everybody每个人；Somebody某人；Anybody任何人；Nobody没有人。根据“thought he could hold on. However, he won the game at last.”可知转折词前表示没有人认为他能坚持住。故选D。
16．C
【详解】句意：珍妮非常喜欢这件衣服。所以她想买它。
考查代词辨析。he他；she她；it它；one一个，表泛指；ones替代复数名词。根据“Jenny”可知，这是一个女生的名字，故第一空应用she“她”，排除选项A和B；根据“Jenny likes the dress very much. So...wants to buy...”可知，珍妮是想买上文提到的这条连衣裙the dress，表特指，应用it。故选C。
17．D
【详解】句意：珍妮认为弹吉他是一种放松自己的好方法。
考查代词辨析。it它，人称代词主格或宾格；her她，人称代词宾格；itself它自己，反身代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“Jenny thinks playing the guitar is a good way to relax…”可知，此处是指珍妮认为弹吉他是放松她自己的好方法，应用herself。故选D。
18．C
【详解】句意：辛迪今天早上步行去上学。她在路上遇到了汤姆。
考查介词辨析。at在（某处）；in在……里面；on在……上面；by在……旁边。根据“She met Tom...the way.”可知，此处表达在路上遇到了汤姆，“on the way”在路上。故选C。
19．B
【详解】句意：威尔逊小姐很少参加社交派对因为她珍惜在家的安静夜晚。
考查频率副词辨析。often经常；seldom很少；almost几乎；nearly差不多。根据“because she values quiet evenings at home.”可知，她喜欢的是安静的夜晚，故可推测很少参加社交派对。故选B。
20．C
【详解】句意：——抱歉，苏西，我不是故意要伤害你的。——算了吧，不过别再这样了。对你来说只是个笑话，对我来说，一点也不好笑。
考查动词辨析。care关心；prefer更喜欢；mean打算，意思是；agree同意。根据“Sorry, Suzy”可知，此处是指并没有故意伤害对方，mean to do sth“打算/有意做某事”。故选C。
21．A
【详解】句意：生活往往比我们想象的更奇特。我们应该做好最坏的打算。
考查动词短语。turns out结果是；puts out扑灭；runs out用尽；breaks out爆发。根据“Life often…to be stranger than we expect. We should be prepared for the worst.”可知，此处指生活的“结果”往往会比我们想象中更奇特，应用“turn out结果是”来描述事件或事物的最终结果或发展情况。故选A。
22．B
【详解】句意：——你看起来很担心。发生了什么事？ —— 我完全忘记了我妻子的生日，我怕她会很生气。
考查副词辨析。successfully成功地；completely完全地；smoothly顺利地；peacefully和平地。根据“forgot my wife’s birthday and I’m afraid she will be very angry.”可知，是完全忘记了妻子的生日。故选B。
23．A
【详解】句意：除非你半途而废，否则你一定会实现当大科学家的梦想。
考查连词辨析。unless除非，如果不；since自从；until直到……才；whether是否。分析题干，此处指“半途而废”这个情况发生则梦想就“不能实现”，应用unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非，如果不”。故选A。
24．C
【详解】句意：因为天气不好，吉姆没能准时到那儿。而且，他的车状况很差。
考查名词辨析。position位置，姿势；situation情况，形势；condition状况，状态；direction方向。根据“his car was in poor…”可知，此处指“车况很差”，be in poor condition“状况不佳”，介词短语，为固定搭配。故选C。
25．B
【详解】句意：约翰做事很有条理，他总是把工作和活动计划得很好。
考查形容词辨析。practical实际的；organized有组织的，有条理的；confident自信的；energetic精力充沛的。根据空后的“he always plans his work and activities very well”可知，约翰是一个有条理有计划的人。故选B。
26．D
【详解】句意：——太神奇了！这是我看过的最好的电影。——也许你是对的。但恐怕不会引起大家的兴趣。
考查代词辨析。somebody某人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人。根据“Maybe you are right. But I’m afraid it won’t interest”可知转折词后表示这部电影不会引起每个人的兴趣。故选D。
27．D
【详解】句意：街上人太多了，所以他不得不挤过人群。
考查介词辨析。beyond超出；against反对；opposite在……对面；through穿过。根据“There are too many people in the street”可知，因为街上人多，所以要从人群里挤过去，push one’s way through意为“挤过去”，故选D。
28．D
【详解】句意：——看右边的那个男孩，他在干什么？——他在踢足球。
考查动词短语。washing the dishes洗碗；playing chess下象棋；playing computer games玩电脑游戏；playing football踢足球。根据图片可知，男孩在踢足球。故选D。
29．D
【详解】句意：——地震时，男孩抱着他的残疾同学冲了出去。——这样的行为应该受到充分的赞扬。
考查动词辨析。expressed表达；prepared准备；changed改变；praised表扬。根据“During the earthquake, the boy carried his disabled classmate and rushed outside.”和“Such act should be fully”可知，男孩在地震中抱着残疾同学冲出去，这是一种值得表扬的行为。故选D。
30．A
【详解】句意：——“20分钟公园效应”是什么意思？——这意味着在公园里待20分钟可以帮助减轻压力。
考查动词短语。cut down减少；go through经历；put on穿上，增加；build up建立。根据“It means spending 20 minutes in a park can help ... stress.”可知，在公园待20分钟，心情更舒畅，从而减轻了压力。故选A。
31．D
【详解】句意：——你看起来很沮丧！有什么事吗？——我们班计划进行一次学习旅行，但突然的寒冷迫使我们放弃了。
考查动词辨析。required要求；allowed允许；advised建议；forced强迫。根据“the sudden cold ... us to give it up.”可知，突然的寒冷迫使我们放弃学习旅行。故选D。
32．C
【详解】句意：——Clara，初中毕业后你最想念哪位老师？——李老师。她很幽默。所以她的课总是很有趣。
考查形容词辨析。strict严格的；careful仔细的；humorous幽默的；popular受欢迎的。根据“So her classes are always interesting.”可推知，李老师很幽默。故选C。
33．B
【详解】句意：——你觉得这两双鞋怎么样？——颜色太浅了。两双都和我的衣服不搭配。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都；Neither两者都不；Either两者中任意一个；Any任何。根据“The colors are too light. ... will match my suit well.”可知，此处指两双鞋子颜色都太浅了，和我的衣服不搭。故选B。
34．B
【详解】句意：谷雨得名于中国谚语“雨生百谷”，这表明天气与农业之间的联系。
考查名词辨析。choice选择；connection联系；difference差异；competition竞争。根据“between weather and farming”和前句的描述可知，谷雨的名字由来表明了天气与农业之间的联系。故选B。
35．A
【详解】句意：——你今年的五一假期过得怎么样？ ——很难说。我们开车去杭州，想找个地方停车，但都被占用了。
考查动词短语。 taken up占用；put up举起；turned up（意外地）出现；stayed up熬夜。根据“We drove to Hangzhou and tried to find a place for parking, but they were all”可知，前后句意表示转折关系，后半句表达没有找到停车的地方，此处指停车的地方被占用，taken up符合语境。故选A。
36．D
【详解】句意：——目前一些人吃得比需要的多。结果，他们变得更重、更容易生病。——为了变得更健康，他们应该控制他们自己并且要锻炼更多。
考查短语辨析。In fact事实上；What’s more此外；Even though尽管；As a result结果。根据“Nowadays some people eat more than needed”和“They’re getting heavier and easier to get sick”可知，“人们吃得比需要的更多”和“他们变得更重、更容易生病”之间为因果关系，所以，As a result符合题意。故选D。
37．C
【详解】句意：——令人惊讶的是，人工智能技术发展如此之快！ ——在这样的时代，没有什么是不可能的。
考查复合不定代词。something某事；anything任何事；nothing没什么；everything每件事，一切。根据“It’s amazing that AI technology is developing in such a rapid way! ”可知，此处表示“没有什么不可能”，nothing符合语境。故选C。
38．C
【详解】句意：——Kimmy，别从楼上扔东西。即使是一个很小的物体，当从很高的地方掉下来时，也可能造成严重的伤害或死亡。——好的，我不会那样做的，妈妈。
考查情态动词辨析。should应该；must必须；may可能；need需要。根据“Even a small object … cause serious injuries, or death, when dropped from a great height.”可知，此处表示即使是很小的物体，当从很高处掉落时，也可能造成严重的伤害或死亡。故选C。
39．B
【详解】句意：春天是一个多姿多彩的季节，充满了美丽和生机勃勃的的景色。以下哪一个单词的构成方式与“彩色”一词相同？
考查构词法。beauty美丽，是名词；friendly友好的，是由名词friend加-ly构成的，是派生词；impossible不可能的，是由否定前缀im和possible构成的，是派生词；doorbell门铃，是由名词door和名词bell构成，是合成词。根据colourful是由名词colour加-ful构成的派生词，因此friendly与colourful构成方式相同。故选B。
40．B
【详解】句意：五一假期，由于交通拥挤，我经历了一次可怕的经历。我在高速公路上被困了13个小时！
考查名词辨析。tradition传统；traffic交通；trouble麻烦；treasure财富。根据“I was trapped for 13 hours on the highway!”可知，由于交通拥挤，我被困在了高速路上，heavy traffic表示“拥挤的交通”。故选B。
41．C
【详解】句意：2024年5月3日晚上，中国在文昌航天发射场成功发射了嫦娥六号宇宙飞船，从月球背面采集样本。
考查介词辨析。at在；on在……上；of……的。结合“…the evening…”可知，第一空应用介词on，表示具体某一天的晚上；再结合“the evening… May 3, 2024”可知，第二空应用介词of，表示所属，意为“5月3日的晚上”。故选C。
42．C
【详解】句意：——Josh，从座位上起来，呼吸下新鲜空气。你应该学会在长时间的工作后要放松一下。——好的，我会的。妈妈，谢谢。
考查动词短语。make up编造；give out分发；take in吸入；put off推迟。根据“some fresh air”可知，用take in some fresh air表示“呼吸新鲜空气”。故选C。
43．A
【详解】句意：——双方似乎很难达成协议。——因此必须做出巨大努力来平衡这两种需求。
考查动词辨析。balance平衡；meet遇见；weigh权衡；change改变。根据“great efforts have to be made to…these two needs”可知，此处指必须做出巨大努力来平衡这两种需求，应填动词balance“平衡”。故选A。
44．B
【详解】句意：——你怎么能创作出这么热门的故事？——它的灵感来源于与我儿子的一次谈话。
考查动词辨析。written写；inspired启发；pronounced发音；invented发明。根据“a conversation with my son”可知，与儿子的一席谈话，启发了故事的创作。故选B。
45．B
【详解】句意：——我听说这座大楼昨晚发生了火灾。客人现在安全了吗？——谢天谢地，所有的客人都被消防队员成功带出了大楼。
考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；safe安全的；active积极的；healthy健康的。根据“I heard there was a fire in this building last night.”可知，昨晚发生了火灾，此处是关心客人们的安全问题。故选B。
46．C
【详解】句意：——迈克，你这周末可以来我家吗？——任意一天都可以。我这两天都有空。
考查不定代词的用法。None都不，用于三者以上；Both两者都；Either两者当中的任意一个；Neither两者都不。根据后句“I am available these days.”可知是有空，排除选项A和D；根据问句中的“this weekend”可知是指两天当中的任意一天，应用“Either”。故选C。
47．D
【详解】句意：Maria被认为在音乐方面有很好的品味。她选择的歌曲听起来很令人愉悦。
考查名词辨析。talent才能，天赋；style风格；interest兴趣；taste品味。根据“The songs she chooses to listen to are pleasant.”可知，从她挑选的歌曲看出她的音乐品味很好。故选D。
48．A
【详解】句意：——迈克，去确认烟雾报警器是否正确安装，是否能正常工作。——好的。我去检查一下。
考查副词辨析。properly正确地；probably可能；especially尤其；specially特意地。根据“put in and will work well.”可知是要正确安装烟雾报警器，它才能正常工作。故选A。
49．B
【详解】句意：——金钱在我们的生活中是最重要的。——不完全是。不是每件事都能用钱做。
考查代词辨析。anything任何事；everything所有事；something一些事；nothing没有事。根据“Not...can be done with money”可知不是所有的事情都可以用钱做。故选B。
50．C
【详解】句意：为了安全起见，您最好在使用新的家用机器人之前仔细阅读说明。
考查名词辨析。notices注意；leaflets传单；instructions说明；introductions引言。根据“you’d better read the...carefully before using the new home robot.”可知，空处指使用家用机器人之前，需要仔细阅读说明。故选C。
