2024年中考冲刺押题卷（南京卷）（二）
满分90分 考试时间为90分钟
选择题（共40分）
一、单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1．—It is said that people born in the 1990s only care about themselves.
—________. Many nurses and doctors of this age are fighting on the front lines of the epidemic.
A．Yes, that’s true B．That’s not the case C．I agree with you D．I can’t agree more
2．The film The Battle At Lake ChangjinⅡ has received high praise since it ________ on screen.
A．put B．is put C．was put D．will be put
3．— Ricky, your pronunciation sounds good. _________ have you learnt French
— When I visited Paris two years ago, I began to learn it online.
A．Where B．When C．How much D．How long
4．Through the reform, the economic situation of China ________ to be better than it used to be.
A．turns into B．turns off C．turns to D．turns out
5．As a college student, I have few close friends, but a lot of acquaintances that I usually like to talk to. The underlined word means ________.
A．people who you know B．people who walk on the street
C．people who like you very much D．people who are envy of you
6．When we were young, we were always taught ________ many subjects ________ good manners. They’re helpful to shape ourselves.
A．either; or B．not; but C．neither; nor D．not only; but also
7．— Have you got an iPhone 13 yet
— No, now many people say no to it because of ________ follow-up (后续的) service.
A．it B．its C．it’s D．itself
8．We are shocked by the crash of flight MU5735. Our ________ and prayers are with the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on the flight.
A．thoughts B．themes C．therapies D．things
9．— I can’t decide _________ to do with so many old clothes.
— Why not send them to a charity
A．which B．what C．how D．where
10．—Mark’s car ________ a cloud of dust as he drove off.
—That’s why we dislike him.
A．raised B．rose C．was raised D．was raising
11．—Sir, when can we have two days off
—Not until your task ________ tomorrow.
A．completes B．is completed C．will be completed D．will complete
12．A new factory ________ to deal with water pollution last month.
A．was built B．will be built C．has been built D．has built
13．Our monitor has just gone to the gym, but I don’t know ________ he will come back.
A．how fast B．how far C．how long D．how soon
14．Mr. Black is very ________ because he always explains problems to his students over and over again.
A．angry B．patient C．strict D．careful
15．—Do you know Li Ziqi
—Of course. She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life.
A．what B．/ C．which D．who
二、完形填空（共10小题；毎小题1分,满分10分）
请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
I used to think the whole purpose of life was looking for happiness. What truly makes people happy What I discovered changed my life. Looking for happiness may make people stressed and 16 . Even though life is getting better by nearly every standard, more people feel hopeless, sad and alone. According to the research, what causes this is not a lack(缺乏) of happiness but a lack of having 17 in life.
Many psychologists(心理学家) think of happiness as feeling comfortable or good in the moment. Meaning, though, is deeper. The famous psychologist Marin Seligman says meaning comes from belonging(归属感), achieving something beyond yourself and 18 from the best inside you. Belonging, purpose, transcendence(超越), telling stories—these are the four parts of meaning. We need to build them inside our families and organizations to help people 19 an excellent person. But living a meaningful life takes work. There’s a long way to go. As each day goes by, we’re creating our lives, 20 to our story.
I remember a powerful experience I had with my father. Several months after I graduated from college, my dad had a 21 heart attack. He survived, and when I asked him what was going through his mind as he faced death, he said all he could think about was needing to live, 22 he could be there for my brother and me, and this gave him the courage to fight for life. When doctors were giving him an operation, he didn’t feel afraid. 23 , he repeated our names. He wanted our names to be the last words he spoke on earth if he died.
My dad lives a common, but a good life. Lying there facing death, he had a 24 to live: love. His sense of belonging inside his family, his purpose as a dad, his unusual thinking, repeating our names—these are why he survived. That’s the story he tells himself. That’s the 25 of meaning. Happiness comes and goes. But whether life is good or bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to.
16．A．amazed B．cheerful C．unhappy D．comfortable
17．A．ability B．meaning C．progress D．direction
18．A．hiding B．accepting C．promising D．developing
19．A．do B．make C．invent D．succeed
20．A．adding B．changing C．attending D．continuing
21．A．crazy B．gentle C．unknown D．serious
22．A．so B．but C．though D．whether
23．A．However B．Instead C．Perhaps D．Otherwise
24．A．chance B．reason C．attention D．beginning
25．A．power B．symbol C． secret D．method
三、阅读理解（共15小题;每小题1分, 满分15分）
While fake (虚假) news can take many forms, it can be divided into two broad types: misinformation and disinformation.
Misinformation Misinformation is when false information is shared by someone who believes that information to be true. Normally it isn’t done on purpose. Disinformation Disinformation is when misleading or even false information is shared with the intention to deceive (欺骗) others.
There are lots of reasons why people share fake news. Often the person sharing it doesn’t realize that it’s fake. Sometimes it’s done to advertise a service or product, so that someone can make money. It could even be done to make people laugh.
Fake news can also be shared by someone who wants others to hear their own personal opinions and be affected by them. Still, fake news is shared to influence the opinions and beliefs of others about organizations and business.
Fake news Question it!
To work out whether the “news” we are reading is fake, we can use our critical (批判性) thinking skills to ask ourselves the following questions.
Is it a mistake or just a joke
People sometimes share information, believing that it’s true, because they don’t realize that it’s a joke. It might even be April Fools’ Day!
Are there lots of spelling and grammar mistakes
If yes, it’s a sign that no one is checking the content. This could mean that those writing the content are not professional writers or journalists and the news content is untrustworthy (不可靠的).
Is the article advertising something
Sometimes a news article can influence us to buy panies will often pay a news organization to talk about their product as if it’s “news” to encourage people to buy it.
Is the headline believable
Sensational (耸人听闻的) headlines encourage us to click on a story because they catch our attention. Some people get paid for every click, so before clicking, ask yourself, does the story sound made-up, or even impossible
Is there bias (偏见)
Sometimes certain facts have been left out of a story because the writer wants the readers to believe it. Bias is an underlying (隐含的) opinion that guides our actions. See if you can fact-check the story with another news source if you’re unsure.
When fake news causes stress or hurt to the person or people it targets (将……作为目标), it is often the case that those who have helped spread it will claim they were not to blame. However, sharing fake news is just like adding fuel (燃料) to a fire. If the false information doesn’t get shared, it doesn’t get seen and cannot fulfil its purpose. When it comes to fake news, it’s not enough to not write something, we must refuse to share it, too.
26．What’s the main difference between disinformation and misinformation
A．Disinformation is harmful to the public, while misinformation is not.
B．Disinformation is shared to deceive others, while misinformation is often not.
C．Disinformation is aimed at young people, while misinformation is aimed at older ones.
D．Disinformation is produced by professionals, while misinformation by ordinary people.
27．People spread fake news for the following reasons except to ________.
A．trick or entertain people B．challenge the news industry
C．make money through advertising D．influence public opinions and beliefs
28．According to the writer, what do lots of spelling or grammar mistakes show
A．The news report is published in a hurry.
B．The news report isn’t professionally written.
C．The person who checks the content is careless.
D．The news report is likely to be written by a machine.
29．Which of the following can help us tell if a piece of news is fake
① a biased fact is given ② its headline is sensational
③ the news content seems like a joke ④any product or service is mentioned
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
30．Which of the following best describe the writer’s opinion on sharing fake news
A．Support. B．Praise. C．Doubt. D．Disagree.
Sean Elliot Martin and Pancho Timmons are friends on a mission (任务) to change the world, one small act of kindness at a time.
① That’s the subject of their new book, Quick and Easy World Change, which they published as an e-book.
“The premise (前提) is that you don’t really need to be a superstar or have a large amount of money to make the world a better place,” said Timmons, the founder of two organizations—Pennsylvania Youth Initiative and Connect in Effect.
② The project is inspired (启发) by another kindness-related book Martin worked on years ago. The latest one takes parts of the first book and updates it with more inspiring stories and lists of little things people can do daily to spread goodness wherever they go.
Just a little effort
③ For example, the book gives readers ideas for good things to do in 60 seconds, with only $1 or without even leaving the house. People are encouraged to get creative, too. “Make a game of giving—you can give yourself points for different little things,” Martin said.
It also addresses the concept of compound kindness—a domino (多米诺) effect of good deeds.
“If you praise one person, they’re likely to praise two to five people,” Martin said.
Paying it forward
④ Quick and Easy World Change is their way to pay those experiences and opinions forward.
For Timmons, a teacher’s compassion (同情) in college was a turning point for him.
“I did all the things I was supposed to do—worked hard, studied hard—and ended up failing the exams,” he recalled. “But the professor pulled me aside and said, ‘You’re an A student turning in C and D work because you’re clearly dyslexic (诵读困难的) and not getting the help you need.’”
“That 5-minute conversation was the difference between dropping out of college and getting two master’s degrees and now running two companies,” Timmons said. “I’ve spent my career trying to pay that forward.”
31．According to the passage, what can we know about Timmons
A．He was pretty good at studying when in college.
B．He was influenced by his college teacher’s words.
C．He ran two companies when he was still a student.
D．He enjoyed being praised by others in his school life.
32．How did Martin explain what “compound kindness” is
A．By solving a difficult problem. B．By telling an interesting story.
C．By describing a possible situation. D．By making a detailed comparison.
33．What is the correct order of the following events
①Timmons continued studying to get two master’s degrees.
②Martin and Timmons worked together to published an e-book.
③Martin worked on his first kindness-related book by himself.
④What teacher said made a difference to Timmons’ study experience.
A．②③④① B．④①③② C．①③②④ D．④③②①
34．Where can we put the following sentence in the passage
Both authors’ lives have been influenced by the kindness of others.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
35．What is the best title for the passage
A．True Friendship Lasts Long B．Every Minute Matters
C．Good Deeds Make a Difference D．Good Education Works
Like detectives, archaeologists use evidence to solve mysteries. Detectives look for clues to solve crimes. Archaeologists look for clues to help them understand how people lived long ago. In fact, the word “archaeology” means “the study of ancient things”. One type of evidence used to learn about the past is pottery.
People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world. Old pottery is usually found in pieces called “potsherds”. Sometimes potsherds found in the same place can be put back together to recreate the original pot. Even in pieces, old pottery can teach us about the past. When examining pottery, archaeologists consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made. With this knowledge, they can get information about people’s lives in ancient times. ①
Pottery is made by first adding water to a kind of soil called clay. When wet, clay can be formed into shapes. It is then heated. This hardens(使变硬) the clay and allows it to keep its shape. To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters(制陶工) use something called “temper”. Different materials can be used as temper. An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place. ②
Some of the earliest pots were made quite simply. A piece of clay was hollowed(掏空) out and shaped into a bowl. It was then heated at a low temperature. The finished pot was rough(粗糙), and often undecorated. This type of pot might be used for cooking. ③
Later, coiled pots were made. These were made by first rolling the clay into a long snake shape. The coil was then wound(绕) in circles to form a pot. They were often decorated in different ways. These pots were heated at high temperatures. The higher the temperature, the harder and longer-lasting the pot. Further improvements in pottery-making developed in different times and places. ④
A pot’s shape and decoration can provide clues about the past. Painted pictures might show events from daily life or from ancient stories. Archaeologists know certain shapes and styles that were common in different times and places.
Archaeologists study the differences in types of pottery closely. Because of their work, these daily objects can tell some of the mysteries of the past.
36．When examining pottery, archaeologists consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made.
The word “examining” means “________” in English.
A．studying B．displaying C．searching D．discovering
37．Why are the words “potsherds” and “temper” written in quotation marks(引号) in Paragraphs 2 and 3
A．To remind readers that both words are very useful.
B．To make sure readers understand the words correctly.
C．To show that these words come from other languages.
D．To introduce the words that may be unknown to readers.
38．When is temper added to the clay
A．Before the clay is shaped. B．After the pot is heated.
C．While the pot is being decorated. D．When the clay is hollowed.
39．We can put the sentence “This can provide clues about how people traded or travelled.” in Blank ________.
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
40．What is the main idea of this passage
A．People have used pottery for thousands of years all over the world.
B．Pots are decorated with pictures that show events from ancient stories.
C．Ancient pottery can tell about the lives of the people who made and used it.
D．Archaeologists look for clues to solve mysteries in different times and places.
非选择题（共50分）
四、填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）
A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
41．Each year on May 20, some couples in the city （选择）to buy flowers online to celebrate the special day.
42．It appears that a （温度）of around 70℃ is effective at killing the virus.
43．Being (诚实的) and faithful is a good virtue.
44．With the help of Tianwen, many stars may soon be (发现) by scientists.
45．I live in (中心的) Nanjing. It is convenient for me to go everywhere.
B）请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。
46．The girl was refused by the manager and was filled with a sense of (lose).
47．You should consider (control) your temper when you speak to the elderly.
48．—Someone broke into Granny Wang’s home yesterday.
—Luckily, she (walk) her dog outside at that time.
49．For most of us, learning not to do the things we’re used to (require) great effort.
50．—Have you visited the Zifeng Tower in Nanjing
—Yes. I (impress) deeply by the great beauty of the view from the top at the first sight.
C）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确
请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应横线上。
plenty of are known for part of common transport
Horses have been friends to humans for thousands of years. Because there are several different kinds of horses such as cold bloods, which are large but gentle, or hot bloods that 51 their running ability. There are horses for every purpose. We use them for 52 as well as for physical work, for example pulling farm machinery. It’s now also very 53 to see horses used in sports.
Horses need 54 food and water. A horse can drink between twenty and forty litres of water a day, and around a kilo of food for every fifty kilos of its body weight. Horses need to be out in the fields, as grass is 55 their diet.
They can live for over 25 years. So their owners need to give them much love and attention—but horses always give lots back.
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。
The twenty-first century is already turning out to be the century of modern technologies. The technological revolution (革命) that started after World War II is now developing more quickly. Computing and other technological development is beginning to reach into influence and take over nearly every part of our lives. The two main influences modern computing has had on our lives are in the areas of economics (经济学) and communications.
Technology has led to big changes in economic and business systems and operations (经营). Businesses now have to be using cloud services or machine learning or risk failure. As a result, every big company bases its operations on computing. For example, Coca Cola, Huawei and Tencent sell different products and services, yet they all share one basic feature—without modern computing services, their operations would break down. New technologies play an important role in economies. China and many other developing countries have large IT industries, which drive their economies. What’s more, developed countries, including Germany and the United States, are moving from an industrial-based economy to a computing and IT-based one.
The other important influence of technological change is in the way of communication. For example, in the past, people wrote letters or talked on fixed phones, which slowed down the communication process. Now they send e-mails and text messages, or chat using mobile phones. Instead of waiting weeks for a letter or spending time finding a fixed phone, we can communicate right away. New forms of communication are cheaper or free. As a result, now people who live thousands of kilometres away from each other can communicate as much as they want at any time.
In conclusion, computing and new technologies have had a great influence on our lives in many ways. And they have had the greatest influence in business and communication. In the future, if technology continues developing at such speed,our business practices and methods of communication will have even greater changes. It is already starting to bring changes to other parts of our lives, such as transportation and health.
What influence has technology had on our lives
Introduction > Great changes have taken place in technologies 56 World War II. >Computing has made a great 57 to economics and communications.
58 of main influences >Operations of big companies 59 on computing. >Large IT industries 60 countries like China to develop their economies. >New technologies have 61 Germany and USA into a computing and IT-based economy. > Technological change makes communication 62 and faster than before. >We spend 63 on communication as well. >People can communicate with each other 64 they want.
Conclusion The more 65 technology is developing,the greater changes we will have.
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词,并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and c 66 with them has changed significantly.
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in t 67 with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media t 68 let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. All you need is a wi-fi connection.
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or p 69 an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can c 70 us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends It depends. If people always e 71 true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole t 72 about a person.
On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can h 73 real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be s 74 our information with criminals.
But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. A 75 technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
六、书面表达（满分15分）
76．世界卫生组织(WHO)于2023年5月5日宣布，新冠疫情不再构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件(PHEIC)”，但每个人仍然应该做好自己的健康管理第一人。作为一名中学生，请你谈谈你对健康重要性的认识以及如何保持身体和心理的健康(Body and Mind)。
注意：
1. 内容涵盖要点，全文连贯通顺。
2. 词数80左右(已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数)。
3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
参考词汇：身心健康 physical and mental health 对……负责 be responsible fop
Health comes first
On May 5th, 2023, the WHO announced that COVID-19 no longer qualifies as a public health emergency of international concern, which turns out to be really comforting. However,
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参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：——据说90后只关心自己。——情况不是这样的。许多这个年龄的护士和医生正在疫情的前线战斗。
考查情景交际。Yes, that’s true是的，这是真的；That’s not the case情况不是这样的；I agree with you我同意你的观点；I can’t agree more我完全同意。根据“It is said that people born in the 1990s only care about themselves”以及“Many nurses and doctors of this age are fighting on the front lines of the epidemic”可知，并不同意对方的观点，故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：电影《长津湖之水门桥》自从上映以来就获得了高度的好评。
考查被动语态。根据“The film The Battle At Lake ChangjinⅡ has received high praise since it...on screen”可知since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时；再分析主语和动词可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。
3．D
【详解】句意：——瑞奇，你的发音听起来不错。你学法语多久了？——当我两年前访问巴黎时，我开始在网上学习。
考查特殊疑问句。where在哪；When何时；How much多少，提问不可数名词数量或价格；How long多长时间，对一段时间或长度提问。根据“have you learnt French ”可知此处询问学了多久法语，表示时长，用how long来提问，故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：通过改革，中国的经济形势比过去好多了。
考查动词短语辨析。turns into变成；turns off关闭；turns to向……求助；turns out结果是。根据“to be better than it used to be.”可知，改革的结果是经济形势比过去好了，故选D。
5．A
【详解】句意：作为一名大学生，我没有几个亲密的朋友，但有很多我通常喜欢聊天的熟人。下划线的单词表示你认识的人。
考查名词词义辨析。people who you know你认识的人；people who walk on the street走在街上的人；people who like you very much非常喜欢你的人；people who are envy of you那些嫉妒你的人。根据“I have few close friends”可知，此处表示我没有几个亲密朋友；又根据“but”可知，前后句是转折关系，因此这里表示但是我有很多“熟人”，因此“acquaintances”表示“认识的人，熟人”。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：当我们年轻的时候，我们不仅学到了很多科目，还学到了良好的举止行为。它们有助于塑造我们自己。
考查连词辨析。either...or... 或者……或者……； not...but... 不是……而是……；neither...nor...既不……也不……；not only...but also...不仅……而且……。根据下文“They’re helpful to shape ourselves.”可知，此处是不仅学到了很多科目，还学到了良好的举止行为，故选D。
7．B
【详解】句意：——你有iPhone 13了吗？——不，现在很多人拒绝它，因为它的后续服务。
考查代词词义辨析。it它，主格；its它的，形容词性物主代词，也可作名词性物主代词，意为“它的(东西)”；it’s它是，是it is的缩写；itself它自己的，反身代词。此处“follow-up (后续的) service.”是一个名词，名词前需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，决定其所属，“its”意为“它的”。故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：我们对MU5735航班的坠毁感到震惊。我们向机上乘客和机组人员的家人和亲人致以思念和祈祷。
考查名词辨析。thoughts思念，关心；themes主题；therapies治疗；things东西。根据“with the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on the flight.”可知，此处是指思念和祈祷。故选A。
9．B
【详解】句意：——我拿不定主意怎么处理这么多旧衣服。——为什么不把它们送到慈善机构呢？
考查疑问词的辨析。which哪一个；what什么；how怎样；where在哪。此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，do with“处理，解决”，和疑问句what连用，故选B。
10．A
【详解】句意：——马克开车走时，他的车扬起了一阵尘土。——这就是我们不喜欢他的原因。
考查动词以及时态。raise升起，及物动词；rise上升，不及物动词。此空后接宾语a cloud of dust，此空应填一个及物动词。根据“drove”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选A。
11．B
【详解】句意：——先生，我们什么时候放两天假？——等你明天的任务完成了再说。
考查一般现在时被动语态。until引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语your task与动词complete之间是被动关系，故从句用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，主语是单数第三人称形式，助动词用is，故选B。
12．A
【详解】句意：上个月建了一个新工厂来处理水污染。
考查动词时态和语态。主语A new factory与谓语动词之间是动宾关系，表示“被建立”，用被动语态，且由“last month”可知，用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were done）。故选A。
13．D
【详解】句意：我们班长刚去体育馆了，但我不知道他多久会回来。
考查疑问短语。how fast多快，主要对速度提问；how far多远，主要用于对距离的提问；how long多长时间，用于对一段时间提问；how soon多久之后，一般用于将来时态。根据题干“he will come back.”可知句子时态是一般将来时，故选D。
14．B
【详解】句意：布莱克先生很有耐心，因为他总是一遍又一遍地向他的学生解释问题。
考查形容词辨析。angry生气的；patient有耐心的；strict严格的；careful细心的。根据“he always explains problems to his students over and over again”可知，他很有耐心，因此patient符合句意。故选B。
15．D
【详解】句意：——你认识李子柒吗？——当然。她是一个美丽的女孩，她制作了许多视频来展示中国传统的生活方式。
考查定语从句关系词。根据题意是缺少定语从句关系词，what不能引导定语从句；which定语从句关系词，先行词指物，who定语从句关系词，先行词指人，先行词是a beautiful girl可知，关系词用who，在定语从句中作主语，故选D。
16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了什么是真正的幸福。
16．句意：寻找幸福可能会让人感到压力和不快乐。
amazed吃惊的；cheerful欢乐的；unhappy不开心的；comfortable舒适的。根据“make people stressed and…”可知让人感到压力，说明不是开心的事情，故选C。
17．句意：根据这项研究，造成这种情况的原因不是缺乏幸福感，而是缺乏生活意义。
ability能力；meaning意义；progress进步；direction方向。根据“Meaning, though, is deeper.”可知此处指的是生活的意义。故选B。
18．句意：著名心理学家Marin Seligman说，意义来自归属感，超越自我，从内心深处发展。
hiding躲藏；accepting接受；promising承诺；developing发展。根据“achieving something beyond yourself”和备选词汇可知指的是从内心深处发展，故选D。
19．句意：我们需要在我们的家庭和组织中建立他们，帮助人们成为一个优秀的人。
do做；make使成为；invent发明；succeed成功。根据“ to help people…an excellent person”可知是帮助人们成为一个优秀的人，故选B。
20．句意：随着时间的推移，我们正在创造我们的生活，为我们的故事添砖加瓦。
adding添加；changing改变；attending参加；continuing继续。根据“we’re creating our lives,…”可知我们正在创造我们的生活，而我们的故事则会变多，故选A。
21．句意：我大学毕业几个月后，我爸爸突发了严重的心脏病。
crazy疯狂的；gentle温和的；unknown未知的；serious严重的。根据后文“He survived, and when I asked him what was going through his mind as he faced death…”可知作者的父亲突发了严重的心脏病。故选D。
22．句意：他活了下来，当我问他面对死亡时脑子里在想什么时，他说他所能想到的就是需要活着，这样他就可以在我和哥哥身边，这给了他为生命而战的勇气。
so这样；but但是；though虽然；whether是否。根据“he said all he could think about was needing to live,…he could be there for my brother and me”可知他想活着，这样就可以在我们身边。故选A。
23．句意：相反，他重复了我们的名字。
However然而；Instead相反；Perhaps或许；Otherwise否则。根据“When doctors were giving him an operation, he didn’t feel afraid.”及“…he repeated our names.”可知他做手术不感到害怕，相反，他重复我们的名字，故选B。
24．句意：躺在那里面对死亡，他有活着的理由：爱。
chance机会；reason原因；attention注意；beginning开始。根据后文“these are why he survived”可知这就是他活下来的原因，说明上文在讲他活着的理由是爱，故选B。
25．句意：这就是意义的力量。
power力量；symbol象征；secret秘密；method方法。根据“Happiness comes and goes. But whether life is good or bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to.”可知讲述的是意义的力量，故选A。
26．B 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了虚假新闻的两种类型：误导性信息和假消息，呼吁拒绝分享虚假新闻。
26．细节理解题。根据表格内容“Misinformation is when false information is shared by someone who believes that information to be true.”和“Disinformation is when misleading or even false information is shared with the intention to deceive others.”可知，误导性信息相信虚假信息的人分享虚假信息，而假消息是分享误导甚至虚假的信息，意图欺骗他人。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sometimes it’s done to advertise a service or product, so that someone can make money. It could even be done to make people laugh.”和第三段“Still, fake news is shared to influence the opinions and beliefs of others about organizations and business.”可知，人们传播虚假新闻的原因有：赚钱，娱乐别人，影响他人的看法和信念。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据第九段“This could mean that those writing the content are not professional writers or journalists and the news content is untrustworthy.”可知，如果有很多拼写和语法错误，表面撰写内容的人不是专业作家或记者，新闻内容不可信。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第六段“Is it a mistake or just a joke ”，第十二段“Is the headline believable ”和第十四段“Is there bias ”可知，本身就是一个错误或者笑话，给出了一个有偏见的事实，标题很耸人听闻都属于虚假新闻。故选A。
30．观点态度题。根据最后一段“When it comes to fake news, it’s not enough to not write something, we must refuse to share it, too.”可知，当涉及到假新闻时，不写是不够的，我们也必须拒绝分享。故选D。
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了Sean Elliot Martin和Pancho Timmons两位朋友出版的新书《快速改变世界》，这本书的目的是通过每天做一些小事情来改变世界。
31．细节理解题。根据“For Timmons, a teacher’s compassion (同情) in college was a turning point for him.”和“‘I did all the things I was supposed to do—worked hard, studied hard—and ended up failing the exams,’ he recalled. ‘But the professor pulled me aside and said, ‘You’re an A student turning in C and D work because you’re clearly dyslexic (诵读困难的) and not getting the help you need.’”可知老师的话让Timmons没有辍学，之后得到两个硕士学位，现在经营两家公司，所以是老师用温暖的话安慰了他。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“It also addresses the concept of compound kindness—a domino (多米诺) effect of good deeds. ‘If you praise one person, they’re likely to praise two to five people,’ Martin said.”(它还谈到了复合善良的概念——多米诺骨牌行善的效果。马丁说：“如果你表扬一个人，他们可能会表扬两到五个人”)可知，此处是假设一种情况来说明复合善良的概念。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“For Timmons, a teacher’s compassion (同情) in college was a turning point for him.”可知，先讲述老师的话对Timmons的学习经历产生了影响。根据“‘That 5-minute conversation was the difference between dropping out of college and getting two master’s degrees and now running two companies,’ Timmons said.”可知，接着Timmons继续学习，获得了两个硕士学位。即前两个顺序为④①。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“Quick and Easy World Change is their way to pay those experiences and opinions forward. For Timmons, a teacher’s compassion (同情) in college was a turning point for him.”可知，这里描述了他人对作者的善良之举，改变了作者很多。Both authors’ lives have been influenced by the kindness of others.“两位作者的生活都受到了他人善意的影响。”最适合放在④处。故选D。
35．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了Sean Elliot Martin和Pancho Timmons两位朋友出版的新书《快速改变世界》，这本书的目的是通过每天做一些小事情来改变世界。C选项“善举改变世界”可作为本文最佳标题。故选C。
36．A 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是说明文，文章介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活。
36．词义猜测题。根据“archaeologists consider not only its appearance but what it was made of and how it was made”可知考古学家不仅要考虑它的外观，还要考虑它的材料和制作方法，可推测此单词为“研究”，故选A。
37．推理判断题。根据“Old pottery is usually found in pieces called ‘potsherds’.”和“To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters(制陶工) use something called ‘temper’.”可知引号中的单词都是考古专有名词，对读者来说很陌生，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“To make clay easier to shape and heat, potters(制陶工) use something called ‘temper’”可知是在成型前添加。故选A。
39．推理判断题。根据“An archaeologist can tell where a pot came from by the types of clay and temper that were used. Sometimes a pot found in one location might have materials from another place.”可知考古学家可以通过所使用的粘土类型和回火来判断陶器的来源，有时在一个地方发现的罐子里可能有来自另一个地方的材料，与“这可以提供人们如何交易或旅行的线索。”形成逻辑连接关系。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知主要介绍了考古学家们通过研究出土的陶器来研究过去人们的生活，故选C。
41．choose
【详解】句意：每年5月20日，该市的一些夫妇选择在线购买鲜花来庆祝这一特殊的日子。短语choose to do sth.“选择做某事”，根据语境可知，是一般现在时态，主语是some couples是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填choose。
42．temperature
【详解】句意：看来70℃左右的温度可以有效地杀死病毒。temperature“温度”，a temperature of“……的温度”，故填temperature。
43．honest
【详解】句意：诚实和忠诚是一种美德。根据“a good virtue”可知，此处是诚实和忠诚是一种美德，be是连系动词，后加形容词，honest“诚实的”，是形容词，故填honest。
44．discovered
【详解】句意：在“天问”的帮助下，科学家们可能很快就会发现许多星星。discover“发现”，主语“many stars”与动词“discover”之间是被动关系，故此处应填过去分词，故填discovered。
45．central
【详解】句意：我住在南京市中心。去每个地方都很方便。此处修饰名词用形容词central“中心的”。故填central。
46．loss
【详解】句意：那个女孩被经理拒绝了，心里充满了失落感。a sense of...表示“……的感觉”，空处应用名词与其构成名词所有格。lose对应的名词是loss。故填loss。
47．controlling
【详解】句意：当你和老人说话时，你应该考虑控制自己的脾气。根据固定搭配“考虑做某事：consider doing sth.”可知，controlling符合句意。故填controlling。
48．was walking
【详解】句意：——昨天有人闯入王奶奶家。——幸运的是，那时她正在外面遛狗。根据时间状语at that time可知，此处用过去进行时，其结构是was/were doing的形式，walk her dog“遛狗”，此处用walk的现在词，主语是he，be动词用was，故填was walking。
49．requires
【详解】句意：对于我们大多数人来说，学习不做我们习惯做的事情需要很大的努力。本句中“we’re used to”是定语从句，修饰先行词“things”，因此这里“require”是谓语动词；本句是动名词短语“learning not to do the things”作主语，因此谓语用单数，描述客观事实为一般现在时，因此动词用三单。故填requires。
50．was impressed
【详解】句意：—— 你参观过南京的紫峰塔吗？—— 是的。从山顶往下看，我第一眼就被壮丽的景色深深打动了。根据“at the first sight”可知，此句时态是一般过去时；再者根据固定搭配“be impressed by sth.”可知，此句用被动语态，因此was impressed符合句意。故填was impressed。
51．are known for 52． transport 53．common 54．plenty of 55．part of
【导语】本文主要介绍了马的用途，吃的食物以及寿命等信息。
51．句意：因为有几种不同的马，比如体型庞大但性情温和的冷血马，或者以奔跑能力著称的热血马。根据“hot bloods that …their running ability”及备选词可知，此处指以奔跑能力著称的热血马，are known for“因……出名”，故填are known for。
52．句意：我们用它们来运输，也用来干体力活，例如拉农用机械。根据“There are horses for every purpose”以及“for physical work”可知，此处介绍人们用马去干什么，通常是用来运输货物，transport“运输”，名词。故填transport。
53．句意：现在在体育运动中也很常见。根据“It’s now also very… to see horses used in sports”及备选词可知，现在常用在体育运动中，common“通常的”，故填common。
54．句意：马需要充足的食物和水。此空修饰名词food和water，备选词plenty of“许多”符合，故填plenty of。
55．句意：马需要在田野里活动，因为草是它们饮食的一部分。根据“Horses need to be out in the fields, as grass is … their diet”及备选词可知，草是它们饮食的一部分，part of“……的一部分”，故填part of。
56．since 57．contribution 58．Examples 59．depend 60．help 61．turned/changed 62．easier 63．less 64．whenever/anytime 65．quickly
【导语】本文主要介绍了技术对我们的生活产生的影响。
56．根据“The technological revolution (革命) that started after World War II is now developing more quickly.”可知第二次世界大战后开始的技术革命现在发展得更快，即自从第二次世界大战，since“自从”。故填since。
57．根据“The two main influences modern computing has had on our lives are in the areas of economics (经济学) and communications.”可知现代计算对我们生活的两个主要影响是在经济和通信领域，make a great contribution to“为……做出巨大贡献”。故填contribution。
58．根据“Technology has led to big changes in economic and business systems and operations”可知此处举了一些技术对我们的生活产生的影响的例子，example“例子”，此处用名词复数，首字母大写。故填Examples。
59．根据“every big company bases its operations on computing”可知每一家大公司的运营都以计算为基础，即依靠计算机，depend on“依靠”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填depend。
60．根据“New technologies play an important role in economies. China and many other developing countries have large IT industries which drive their economies”可知新技术在经济中发挥着重要作用，中国和许多其他发展中国家都有推动其经济发展的大型IT产业，即帮助这些国家发展经济，help“帮助”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填help。
61．根据“developed countries, including Germany and the United States, are moving from an industrial-based economy to a computing and IT-based one.”可知包括德国和美国在内的发达国家正在从以工业为基础的经济转向以计算机和IT为基础的，即新技术把德国和美国变为基于计算和IT的经济，turn/change...into“把……变成”，此处用过去分词和助动词构成现在完成时。故填turned/changed。
62．根据“Now they send e-mails and text messages,or chat using mobile phones. Instead of waiting weeks for a letter or spending time finding a fixed phone, we can communicate right away”可知现在他们发送电子邮件和短信，或者用手机聊天，我们可以立即沟通，而不是等待数周的信件或花时间寻找固定的电话，所以沟通更容易更快，easier“更容易”。故填easier。
63．根据“New forms of communication are cheaper or free”可知新的交流方式更便宜或免费，即花费更少，less“更少”。故填less。
64．根据“now people who live thousands of kilometres away from each other can communicate as much as they want at any time.”可知现在居住在相距数千公里的地方的人们可以在任何时候随心所欲地交流，whenever/anytime“无论何时”。故填whenever/anytime。
65．根据“In the future, if technology continues developing at such speed, our business practices and methods of communication will have even greater changes”可知如果技术继续以这样的速度发展，我们的商业实践和沟通方式将发生更大的变化，即技术发展得越快，我们的变化就越大，修饰动词用副词quickly。故填quickly。
66．(c)ommunicate 67．(t)ouch 68．(t)ools 69．(p)laying 70．(c)onnect 71．(e)xchange 72．(t)ruth 73．(h)ide 74．(s)haring 75．(A)lthough
【导语】本文主要讲述了互联网给我们交友带来的变化，即我们随时随地可以交友，但是这样获得的友谊是否有意义呢？
66．句意：由于科技的进步，我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了重大变化。根据“we make friends and c...with them”可知是指和朋友交流，communicate with sb“和某人交流”，动词形式和and前的make一致，故填(c)ommunicate。
67．句意：如今，我们可以在世界各地移动，仍然与我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。stay in touch with“和……保持联系”，为固定短语，故填(t)ouch。
68．句意：社交媒体工具让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊。根据“Social media t...let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.”可知能让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊的是社交媒体工具，too“工具”，可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填(t)ools。
69．句意：数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏一种不寻常的乐器。根据“p...an unusual instrument. ”可知是指演奏乐器，应用play，动词形式和or前的collecting一样，故填(p)laying。
70．句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网可以将我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的人联系起来，即使他们住在世界的另一边。根据“the Internet can c...us with others who also enjoy doing them”可知互联网可以把我们连接在一起，connect“连接”，动词，can后加动词原形，故填(c)onnect。
71．句意：如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息，那么是的，这些友谊可以是真实而有意义的。根据“If people always e...true personal information online”可知是指交换信息，exchange“交换”，是动词，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形，故填(e)xchange。
72．句意：但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。根据“what we see on social media is often not the whole t...about a person.”可知网上看到的一个人往往不是这个人的全部真实信息，truth“事实，真相”符合语境，故填(t)ruth。
73．句意：但微笑的照片可能会掩盖真正的问题。根据“But smiling photos can h...real problems”可知微笑会把问题掩盖，hide“隐藏”，动词，位于can后，应用原形，故填(h)ide。
74．句意：我们甚至可能与罪犯分享我们的信息。根据“we could even be s...our information with criminals.”可知是指和罪犯分享信息，share“分享”，动词，结合be可知动词应用现在分词，故填(s)haring。
75．句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望保持不变。根据“technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. ”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
76．例文：
Health comes first
On May 5th, 2023, the WHO announced that COVID-19 no longer qualifies as a public health emergency of international concern, which turns out to be really comforting. However it is still important for everyone to continue managing their health as a top priority.
Regular exercise, such as walking, cycling, or doing sports, helps improve our health. What’s more, we should take part in activities that bring us joy, such as reading and listening to music. Third, getting enough sleep is good for both our physical and mental health. It is said that teenagers should get around 8-10 hours of sleep each night.
Remember, we are responsible for our own health, and by doing so, we can have a healthy and balanced life.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是话题作文
②时态：一般现在时
③提示：文章要从保持身体和心理健康两方面进行叙述，简单叙述方法和原因。在叙述过程中注意连词的使用，使文章连贯通顺。
[写作步骤]
第一步，明确中心论点是做好健康管理的第一人，简单叙述健康的重要性。
第二步，从如何保持身体和心理健康两方面入手，叙述方法和原因。
第三步，总结点题。
[亮点词汇]
① top priority 第一要务
②physical and mental health 身心健康
③ be responsible for 为……负责
[高分句型]
① It is still important for everyone to continue managing their health as a top priority.（it is adj. for sb. to do sth. it作形式主语）
②What’s more, we should take part in activities that bring us joy, such as reading and listening to music.（that引导定语从句）
③ getting enough sleep is good for both our physical and mental health.（动名词作主语）
答案第1页，共2页
答案第1页，共2页
