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第 01 讲 必修 1~必修 3 词汇考点
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练
题型一 易考单词变形
所给词的适当形式填空
1．（2024·河北·一模）The conventional (wise) is that boys mature more slowly than girls.
【答案】wisdom
【解析】考查名词。句意：传统观念认为男孩比女孩成熟得慢。名词 wisdom“普通看法”作主语，用单数。
故填 wisdom。
2．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed,
(strong) and agility (敏捷) are the essence of fine artwork.
【答案】strength
【解析】考查名词。句意：画笔的动作一旦停顿，就会形成一个黑色的痕迹，所以速度、力量和敏捷是美
术作品的精髓。分析句子可知，空处和 speed 及 agility 并列作主语，应用名词形式，strength“力量”，此处
用作不可数名词，故填 strength。
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3．（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测）There are many palm trees planted along the beach, some of them (measure)
over 30 metres.
【答案】measuring
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海滩上种植着许多棕榈树，有些超过 30 米。这是一个“独立主格结构”,分
词带着自己的逻辑主语，构成“独立主格结构”。句中 measure 和 some (trees )是主动关系，因此用现在分词
形式。故填 measuring。
4．（23-24 高三·广东广州·开学考试）To my (satisfy), I got a good result of the exam, which made my
mother quite happy.
【答案】satisfaction
【解析】考查名词。句意：令我满意的是，我在考试中取得了一个好成绩，这让我妈妈很高兴。to one's +情
感类名词，表示“令人……”，固定搭配；由此可知，空处应用名词 satisfaction，不可数。故填 satisfaction。
5．（23-24 高三·河北石家庄·开学考试） (intend) to enrich students’ school life, our program features
the fun of English.
【答案】Intended
【解析】考查过去分词。句意：为了丰富学生的校园生活，我们的节目以英语的乐趣为特色。be intended to
do 意为“旨在做某事”，为固定搭配，空格处和谓语之间没有连词，且表示动作已完成，所以应用过去分词
作状语。句首首字母应大写。故填 Intended。
6．（23-24 高三·河南南阳·开学考试）With his relatives’ eyes (focus) on him, he felt very nervous.
【答案】focused
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：亲戚们的目光都集中在他身上，他感到非常紧张。分析句式结构可知，
此处是 with 的复合结构，即 with+宾语+宾补，又因为 focus 和宾语 eyes 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词
作宾补。故填 focused。
7．（23-24 高三·广东广州·开学考试）It’s a great way for me to relieve stress and pressure, and dance my way
towards feeling (energy)and happy again.
【答案】energetic
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这对我来说是一个很好的方式来缓解压力，用我自己的方式跳舞让我重新感
到精力充沛和快乐。空处和 and 后的 happy 并列，作 feeling 的表语，应用形容词 energetic，意为“精力充沛
的”。故填 energetic。
8．（23-24 高三·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）In the epidemic of 1916, a (physical)could do little for the
thousands who fell ill.
【答案】physician
【解析】考查名词。句意：在 1916 年的瘟疫中，医生对成千上万的病人几乎无能为力。作主语，表示“医
生”应用名词 physician，不定冠词提示用单数。故填 physician。
9．（23-24 高三·黑龙江大庆·期末）The adopted project features (independent) developed key techniques
and design.
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【答案】independently
【解析】考查副词。句意：被采纳的项目的特点是采用自主开发的关键技术和设计。分析句子可知，空处
作修饰过去分词 developed，应用副词 independently，意为“独立地，自主地”，作状语，表示自主开发的关
键技术和设计。故填 independently。
10．（23-24 高三·福建·阶段练习）Your life and career don’t rely on the ideas (bounce)around in your
heads but your down-to-earth actions.
【答案】bouncing
【解析】考查现在分词。句意：你的生活和事业不依赖于你脑海中跳跃的想法，而是依赖于你脚踏实地的
行动。分析句子结构可知，bounce 在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和 ideas 之间为主动关系，因此使用
现在分词作后置定语，故填 bouncing。
11．（23-24 高三·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）Even in the (commerce) heart of its largest city, religion
remains central to life in Myanmar.
【答案】commercial
【解析】考查形容词。句意：即使在缅甸最大城市的商业中心，宗教仍然是缅甸人生活的中心。此处修饰
名词 heart 应用形容词 commercial 表示“商业的”作定语。故填 commercial。
12．（23-24 高三·江苏扬州·阶段练习）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems
greedy, so I am always left (want) more next time.
【答案】wanting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买汤包，一笼屉是不够的，然而两笼屉似乎有点贪婪，所
以我总是想下次多吃一些。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“am left”，空处需填非谓语动词，want 和
逻辑主语 I 之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作主语补足语，leave sb doing sth“使某人保持做某事的状态”，此
处为其被动结构 sb. be left doing。故填 wanting。
13．（23-24 高三·福建·阶段练习）Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of
being arrested and put into prison.
【答案】accused
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：罗伯特被控在超市偷窃，他可能面临被捕入狱的结果。accuse 和逻辑主语
Robert 之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作状语，故填 accused。
14．（23-24 高三·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Scientists are trying to find drugs that are (effect) against
cancer.
【答案】effective
【解析】考查形容词。句意：科学家们正在努力寻找对癌症有效的药物。空处需填形容词 effective，作表语。
故填 effective。
15．（23-24 高三·陕西渭南·阶段练习）We will have our suitcases (pack) up ahead of schedule.
【答案】packed
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：我们将提前把手提箱收拾好。分析句子可知，这里考查 have sth done 表
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“让……被做”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用过去分词作宾补。故填 packed。
题型二 核心单词拼写
根据汉语提示完成句子
1．（23-24 高三上·吉林长春·阶段练习）During the hurricane, many people (躲避)in their basements and
survived.
【答案】sheltered
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：飓风期间，许多人躲在地下室里，幸免于难。根据 and survived 可知，空处
用过去式表示句子为一般过去时，表示“躲避”用 shelter，过去式为 sheltered。故填 sheltered。
2．（2024·陕西西安·一模）About 400 years ago, Chinese explorer Xu Xiake travelled for 30 years across the
country and wrote Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes based on lots of his strange (冒险).
【答案】adventures
【解析】考查名词。句意：大约 400 年前，中国探险家徐霞客花了 30 年时间走遍中国，并根据他的许多奇
遇写成了《徐霞客游记》。根据汉语提示“冒险”可知，此处为名词 adventure，lots of 后面接可数名词复数形
式。故填 adventures。
3．（2024·陕西西安·一模）To his parents’ (宽慰), the boy made a quick recovery after the
operation.
【答案】relief
【解析】考查名词。句意：令他父母欣慰的是，手术后男孩恢复得很快。根据汉语提示可知应用名词 relief，
短语 to one’s relief“令某人欣慰的是”。故填 relief。
4．（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）Mike felt (沮丧) because he failed the math exam.
【答案】down/upset
【解析】考查形容词。句意：迈克因为数学考试不及格而感到沮丧。根据空格前的系动词 felt 可知，空格处
应填形容词作表语，结合汉语提示“沮丧”应为 down/upset。故填 down/upset。
5．（2023·吉林长春·二模）The land around here has never been (开垦；种植), so we need a lot of
farming.
【答案】cultivated
【解析】考查动词。句意：这附近的土地从来没有开垦过，所以我们需要大量的耕作。根据汉语提示可知
应用动词 cultivate，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文 has never been 可知为现在完成时的被动语态，故填
cultivated。
6．（2024·陕西西安·一模）As soon as the fire alarm went off, everyone in the building (逃
离) to the nearest exit.
【答案】fled/escaped
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【解析】考查动词。句意：火警一响，大楼里的每个人都逃到最近的出口。根据汉语提示可知应用动词 flee
或 escape；空处为主句谓语，结合上文 went 可知为一般过去时。故填 fled/escaped。
7．（23-24 高三·吉林长春·阶段练习）Nothing can (取代)for the advice your parents are able to give you.
【答案】substitute
【解析】考查动词。句意：没有什么可以代替父母给你的忠告。substitute for 代替、取代，为固定短语，can
后用动词原形。故填 substitute。
8．（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）Through hard work, we can be (录取) to our dream university
eventually.
【答案】admitted
【解析】考查动词。句意：通过努力学习，我们最终可以考上我们梦想的大学。be admitted to 被……录取；
获准做某事；获准进入。根据汉语提示及句意，故填 admitted。
9．（23-24 高三·陕西西安·期末）An agreement seems to be impossible because the (大多数) of the
committee members are against it.
【答案】majority
【解析】考查名词。句意：因为多数委员反对，所以很难达成协议。the majority of 意为“大多数的”，为固
定搭配，所以此处应用名词 majority 表示“多数”作主语。故填 majority。
10．（24-25 高三·全国·课后作业）Faced with so many good (机会), I’m at a loss which one
to choose.
【答案】opportunities/chances
【解析】考查名词。句意：面对这么多好机会，我不知道该选哪一个。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应
填名词 opportunity“机会”或 chance“机会”，前面有 many 修饰，应用复数形式。故填 opportunities 或
chances。
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·江苏南京·二模）
Since the last ice age, humans have cleared nearly half of the earth’s forests and grasslands for agriculture.
With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food
but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as
land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1,700 acres
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of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.
A recent study from the University of California, however, shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and
energy together. One researcher, Majdi Abou Najm, explains that visible light spectrum (光谱) can be separated
into blue and red light waves, and their photons (光子) have different properties. Blue ones have higher energy than
red ones. While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power, it also results in higher temperatures. “From
a plant angle, red photons are the efficient ones,” says Abou Najm. “They don’t make the plant feel hot.”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels. He sees potential in the organic solar cells,
which come from carbon-based materials. Thin and transparent, the cells are applied like a film onto various
surfaces. This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power,
while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below. These panels could also provide shade for
heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day.
By 2050, we’ll have two billion more people, and we’ll need more food and more energy. By maximizing the
solar spectrum, “we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource,” says Abou Najm. “If a technology
kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.”
1．What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A．Losing cropland to solar panels.
B．Distribution of the world population.
C．Reduction in forests and grasslands.
D．Competing for land between farmers.
2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Generation of solar power.
B．Hot weather increasing efficiency.
C．Blue photons having higher energy.
D．Separation of visible light spectrum.
3．What do we know about the organic solar cells
A．They make fruits heat-sensitive.
B．They can cool down in hot days,
C．They allow red light to pass through.
D．They can store carbon-based materials.
4．What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A．Limited. B．Promising.
C．Uncertain. D．Challenging.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项研究表明，可以通过开发新一代太阳能电池板来收获红色和
蓝色的光波，分别满足农业和发电的需要，最大限度地利用太阳能。
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1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on
farmland to produce not only more food but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s
created competition for space as land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state
approved plans to cover 1,700 acres of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term
impacts of losing cropland.(随着世界人口的增长，农田不仅要生产更多的粮食，还要生产清洁能源，农田的
压力越来越大。在华盛顿州亚基马县等地，由于需要土地的太阳能电池板消耗了可用的田地，这就造成了
空间竞争。上个月，该州批准了用太阳能电池板覆盖 1700 英亩农田的计划，这加剧了人们对失去农田的长
期影响的担忧。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了太阳能电池板占据农田，导致农田空间减少。故选 A。
2．代词指代题。that 为指示代词，常用来指代上文提到的事物。根据画线词前一句“Blue ones have higher
energy than red ones.(蓝色的光子比红色的光子能量高。)”可知，that 指代的是蓝色光子有更高的能量，更高
的能量给予了产生电所需的蓝光。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block
blue light to generate power, while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below.(这项新技术可以用于
开发特殊的太阳能电池板，该电池板可以阻挡蓝光发电，同时让红光传给正下方种植的作物。)”可知，这种
有机太阳能电池板能够阻挡蓝光，让红光通过。故选 C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By maximizing the solar spectrum, ‘we’re making full use of an endlessly
sustainable resource,’ says Abou Najm. ‘If a technology kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the
limit on how efficient we can be.’(Abou Najm 说，通过最大限度地利用太阳能光谱，‘我们正在充分利用无尽
的可持续资源。’‘如能够开发出这些面板的果一项技术生效，那么我们的效率就是无限的。’)”可知，Abou
Najm 认为有机太阳能电池板能够最大限度地利用无尽的太阳能资源，让人类的效率变得无限，由此可推测
出，他认为有机太阳能电池板非常有前景。故选 B。
题型二 完形词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·湖北·三模）
A few days before my high school ended, I was sitting in my English class. My classmates were talking about
who would be the first person to shed tears at 1 . Then, everyone looked at me, and I began to 2
right then and there. I am not an emotional person,but the 3 of leaving this place hit me hard. I never
knew how much this building and the people in it 4 to me, until my last days.
High school isn’t for everyone, but there is something for everyone in high school. You just have to 5
out what your“thing”is. I 6 found my “thing” in high school and that was Student Government. For once I
had a(n) 7 . I served as the representative of my class, and it gave me a 8 to convey not only
my own, but my classmates' 9 to teachers and our school.
But there were a lot of times when I felt 10 . I sat in the classroom looking at the clock, 11
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for the end of school day. I 12 the days until summer like it was my job. But now I 13 I could take
back all of those moments.
My biggest 14 to anyone still in high school is to make your school a place where you want to go.
High school goes by very quickly. You only get one chance to be a high schooler, so take 15 of it.
1．A．school B．graduation C．break D．random
2．A．cry B．lie C．sing D．sigh
3．A．proposal B．option C．possibility D．thought
4．A．meant B．replied C．reacted D．faded
5．A．bring B．figure C．cross D．carry
6．A．anxiously B．bravely C．luckily D．initially
7．A．organization B．impression C．voice D．discovery
8．A．benefit B．chance C．challenge D．purpose
9．A．objectives B．principles C．concerns D．updates
10．A．disturbed B．sheltered C．alarmed D．inspired
11．A．applauding B．searching C．fighting D．longing
12．A．counted down B．went through C．set aside D．put off
13．A．promise B．assume C．pray D．realize
14．A．support B．advice C．rule D．warning
15．A．account B．notice C．control D．advantage
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D
12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在高中毕业前的经历和感悟，表达了对离别的不舍与对高
中生活的珍惜，希望高中生利用好高中的时间，实现自己的目标。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同学们在讨论谁会是第一个在毕业典礼上流泪的人。A. school学校；B. graduation
毕业；C. break 休息；D. random 随机。根据上文的“A few days before my high school ended, I was sitting in my
English class.”可知，“我”的高中生活即将结束，因此学校要举行毕业仪式。故选 B 项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，每个人都看着我，我就在那里哭了起来。A. cry 哭泣；B. lie 说谎；
C. sing 唱歌；D. sigh 叹息。根据上文的“My classmates were talking about who would be the first person to shed
tears at...”可知，“我”就在这时哭了起来。故选 A 项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个情绪化的人，但是一想到要离开这个地方，我就很难受。A. proposal
提议；B. option 选项；C. possibility 可能性；D. thought 想法。根据本句中的“leaving this place hit me hard”
可知，要毕业了使“我”很难受，说明“我”想到了毕业的场景。故选 D 项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到最后的日子，我才知道这栋楼和里面的人对我有多么重要。A. meant 意
味着；B. replied 回答；C. reacted 反应；D. faded 褪色。根据上文的“leaving this place hit me hard”可知，学
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校对“我”来说意味着很多。故选 A 项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你只需要弄清楚你的“爱好”是什么。A. bring 带来；B. figure 计算；C. cross
穿过；D. carry 承载。根据上文的“there is something for everyone in high school”可知，因此你要弄清楚在高
中阶段想到得到什么，figure out：弄清楚。故选 B 项。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运地在高中找到了我的“目标”，那就是学生会。A. anxiously 焦虑地；
B. bravely 勇敢地；C. luckily 幸运地；D. initially 最初地。根据本句中的“I...found my “thing” in high school
and that was Student Government. ”可知，“我”找到了在高中阶段想要的东西，因此“我”是幸运的。故选 C 项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一次我终于有了发言权。A. organization 组织；B. impression 印象；C. voice
声音，发言权；D. discovery 发现。根据下文的“I served as the representative of my class”可知，“我”作为班级
的代表可以向学校提建议，因此“我”有发言权。故选 C 项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我担任了班级代表，这不仅给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己的想法，
也给了我同学们的想法。A. benefit 好处；B. chance 机会；C. challenge 挑战；D. purpose 目的。根据本句
中的“I served as the representative of my class”可知，“我”作为班级的代表，“我”便有了机会向学校提建议。
故选 B 项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我担任了班级代表，这不仅给了我一个机会向老师和学校传达我自己的想法，
也给了我同学们的想法。A. objectives 目标；B. principles 原则；C. concerns 关心的问题，关注； D. updates
更新。“I served as the representative of my class, and it gave me a...to convey not only my own”可知，“我”作为
班级的代表，“我”便有了机会向学校提建议，把自己和同学们关心的问题反映给学校。故选 C 项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但有很多时候，我感到不安。A. disturbed 不安的；B. sheltered 庇护的；
C. alarmed 惊恐的；D. inspired 启发的。根据本句的 but 表示转折；和下文的“I sat in the classroom looking at
the clock...for the end of school day. ”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去，因此“我”会感到不安。
故选 A 项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坐在教室里看着时钟，渴望着一天的学习结束。A. applauding 鼓掌；B.
searching 搜索；C. fighting 打斗；D. longing 渴望。根据上文的“But there were a lot of times when I felt... ”及
本句中的“I sat in the classroom looking at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的
一天快点过去。故选 D 项。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我数着日子等着夏天的到来，仿佛那是我的工作。A. counted down 倒计时，
倒着数；B. went through 经历；C. set aside 留出；D. put off 推迟。根据上文的“I sat in the classroom looking
at the clock,...for the end of school day.”可知，“我”有时会盼望在学校的一天快点过去，因此会开始数日子，
等待暑假的来临。故选 A 项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但现在我祈祷到我可以收回所有的那些时刻。A. promise 承诺； B. assume
假设；C. pray 祈祷；D. realize 实现。根据上文的“I...the days until summer like it was my job. ”及本句中的 but
可知，“我”希望过去数日子的事情没发生该有多好，因此祈祷能追回那些日子。故选 C 项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对还在上高中的人最大的建议是，让你的学校成为你想去的地方。A. support
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支持；B. advice 建议；C. rule 规则；D. warning 警告。根据本句中的“make your school a place where you want
to go”可知，“我”通过自身的经历给高中生提建议：让你的学校成为你想去的地方。故选 B 项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你只有一次成为高中生的机会，所以要好好利用它。A. account 账户；B. notice
注意；C. control 控制；D. advantage 优势。根据本句中的“You only get one chance to be a high schooler”可知，
“我”建议高中生利用好这段时间，因此机会只有一次。故选 D 项。
1. （2023·全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 1 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables
were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2 (six)
century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for
Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at
children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence
with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6 (intend) for everyone.
7 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She
warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is
a more weighty 9 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has
been passed down through the ages can still 10 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】
1．to teach 2．sixth 3．as 4．where 5．borrowing 6．intended 7．Different 8．for
9．warning 10．be employed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达
“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填 to teach。
2．考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前 6 世纪。
century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填 sixth。
3．考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词 as 引导。故填 as。
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4．考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境
一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语
动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语 her fable 与 borrow 之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故
填 borrowing。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for 打
算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填 intended。
7．考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from 与……
不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填 Different。
8．考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility
for 对……负责。故填 for。
9．考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词 weighty 后接名词形式。根据
句中不定冠词 a 可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填 warning。
10．考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们
对重要真理的注意。从句主语 a simple literal form 与 employ 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词
can 后接动词原形。故填 be employed。
2.（2023·新高考 II 卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 11 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 12 (confidence) speaking
English. And who do they speak English 13
Not the pandas, even though 14 language used for the medical training instructions is actually
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 15 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 16
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is 17 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 18 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop 19 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 20
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
【答案】
11．arrival 12．confident 13．with 14．the 15．visiting 16．interviews 17．why
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18．Basically 19．and 20．wished
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语，大家都很疑惑，作者对此做出了
解答。
11．考查名词。句意：从 2017 年 6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动
物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应
填名词作介词 before 的宾语，arrive 的名词形式是 arrival，不可数名词。故填 arrival。
12．考查形容词。句意：从 2017 年 6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助
动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的 comfortable 并列，作并
列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence 的形容词形式是 confident。故填 confident。
13．考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，这道题的语序可以看成 they speak English
who，句子中有主语 they，speak 后有宾语，而 who 缺少一个介词，who 做介词的宾语，又根据句意可推知，
此处强调“与某人交流”，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.。故填 with。
14．考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处
特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填 the。
15．考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来
检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit 对应的
形容词为 visiting“来访的”。故填 visiting。
16．考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动
词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview 意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
17．考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，
从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培
训师的原因”之意，应用 why 引导表语从句。故填 why。
18．考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该
用副词修饰，basic 的副词形式是 basically 位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Basically。
19．考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该
用 and 连接。故填 and。
20．考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，
本句缺少谓语动词，所以 wish 作本句谓语，和主语 I 之间是主动关系，根据后文的 grew 可知用一般过去时。
故填 wished。
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第 01 讲 必修 1~必修 3 词汇考点
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】易考单词变形
【题型二】核心单词拼写
02 重难创新练
【题型一】阅读词汇和短语
【题型二】完形词汇和短语
03 真题实战练
题型一 易考单词变形
所给词的适当形式填空
1．（2024·河北·一模）The conventional (wise) is that boys mature more slowly than girls.
2．（2022·全国·模拟预测）Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed,
(strong) and agility (敏捷) are the essence of fine artwork.
3．（2022·广东深圳·模拟预测）There are many palm trees planted along the beach, some of them (measure)
over 30 metres.
4．（23-24 高三·广东广州·开学考试）To my (satisfy), I got a good result of the exam, which made my
mother quite happy.
5．（23-24 高三·河北石家庄·开学考试） (intend) to enrich students’ school life, our program features
the fun of English.
6．（23-24 高三·河南南阳·开学考试）With his relatives’ eyes (focus) on him, he felt very nervous.
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7．（23-24 高三·广东广州·开学考试）It’s a great way for me to relieve stress and pressure, and dance my way
towards feeling (energy)and happy again.
8．（23-24 高三·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）In the epidemic of 1916, a (physical)could do little for the
thousands who fell ill.
9．（23-24 高三·黑龙江大庆·期末）The adopted project features (independent) developed key techniques
and design.
10．（23-24 高三·福建·阶段练习）Your life and career don’t rely on the ideas (bounce)around in your
heads but your down-to-earth actions.
11．（23-24 高三·内蒙古赤峰·阶段练习）Even in the (commerce) heart of its largest city, religion
remains central to life in Myanmar.
12．（23-24 高三·江苏扬州·阶段练习）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems
greedy, so I am always left (want) more next time.
13．（23-24 高三·福建·阶段练习）Robert, (accuse) of theft in a supermarket, might face the result of
being arrested and put into prison.
14．（23-24 高三·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Scientists are trying to find drugs that are (effect) against
cancer.
15．（23-24 高三·陕西渭南·阶段练习）We will have our suitcases (pack) up ahead of schedule.
题型二 核心单词拼写
根据汉语提示完成句子
1．（23-24 高三·吉林长春·阶段练习）During the hurricane, many people (躲避)in their basements and
survived.
2．（2024·陕西西安·一模）About 400 years ago, Chinese explorer Xu Xiake travelled for 30 years across the
country and wrote Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes based on lots of his strange (冒险).
3．（2024·陕西西安·一模）To his parents’ (宽慰), the boy made a quick recovery after the
operation.
4．（2023·湖南株洲·模拟预测）Mike felt (沮丧) because he failed the math exam.
5．（2023·吉林长春·二模）The land around here has never been (开垦；种植), so we need a lot of
farming.
6．（2024·陕西西安·一模）As soon as the fire alarm went off, everyone in the building (逃
离) to the nearest exit.
7．（23-24 高三上·吉林长春·阶段练习）Nothing can (取代)for the advice your parents are able to give
you.
8．（2023·陕西西安·模拟预测）Through hard work, we can be (录取) to our dream university
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9．（23-24 高三·陕西西安·期末）An agreement seems to be impossible because the (大多数) of the
committee members are against it.
10．（24-25 高三·全国·课后作业）Faced with so many good (机会), I’m at a loss which one
to choose.
题型一 阅读词汇和短语
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
（2024·江苏南京·二模）
Since the last ice age, humans have cleared nearly half of the earth’s forests and grasslands for agriculture.
With the world population expanding, there’s ever-increasing pressure on farmland to produce not only more food
but also clean energy. In places such as Yakima County, Washington, it’s created competition for space as
land-hungry solar panels (板) consume available fields. Last month, the state approved plans to cover 1,700 acres
of agricultural land with solar panels, fueling concerns over the long-term impacts of losing cropland.
A recent study from the University of California, however, shows how farmers may soon harvest crops and
energy together. One researcher, Majdi Abou Najm, explains that visible light spectrum (光谱) can be separated
into blue and red light waves, and their photons (光子) have different properties. Blue ones have higher energy than
red ones. While that gives blue light what is needed to generate power, it also results in higher temperatures. “From
a plant angle, red photons are the efficient ones,” says Abou Najm. “They don’t make the plant feel hot.”
A goal of the study is to create a new generation of solar panels. He sees potential in the organic solar cells,
which come from carbon-based materials. Thin and transparent, the cells are applied like a film onto various
surfaces. This new technology could be used to develop special solar panels that block blue light to generate power,
while passing the red light on to crops planted directly below. These panels could also provide shade for
heat-sensitive fruits during the hottest part of the day.
By 2050, we’ll have two billion more people, and we’ll need more food and more energy. By maximizing the
solar spectrum, “we’re making full use of an endlessly sustainable resource,” says Abou Najm. “If a technology
kicks in that can develop these panels, then the sky is the limit on how efficient we can be.”
1．What problem does the first paragraph focus on
A．Losing cropland to solar panels.
B．Distribution of the world population.
C．Reduction in forests and grasslands.
D．Competing for land between farmers.
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2．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Generation of solar power.
B．Hot weather increasing efficiency.
C．Blue photons having higher energy.
D．Separation of visible light spectrum.
3．What do we know about the organic solar cells
A．They make fruits heat-sensitive.
B．They can cool down in hot days,
C．They allow red light to pass through.
D．They can store carbon-based materials.
4．What does Abou Najm think of the future of the new solar panels
A．Limited. B．Promising.
C．Uncertain. D．Challenging.
题型二 完形词汇和短语
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024·湖北·三模）
A few days before my high school ended, I was sitting in my English class. My classmates were talking about
who would be the first person to shed tears at 1 . Then, everyone looked at me, and I began to 2
right then and there. I am not an emotional person,but the 3 of leaving this place hit me hard. I never
knew how much this building and the people in it 4 to me, until my last days.
High school isn’t for everyone, but there is something for everyone in high school. You just have to 5
out what your“thing”is. I 6 found my “thing” in high school and that was Student Government. For once I
had a(n) 7 . I served as the representative of my class, and it gave me a 8 to convey not only
my own, but my classmates' 9 to teachers and our school.
But there were a lot of times when I felt 10 . I sat in the classroom looking at the clock, 11
for the end of school day. I 12 the days until summer like it was my job. But now I 13 I could take
back all of those moments.
My biggest 14 to anyone still in high school is to make your school a place where you want to go.
High school goes by very quickly. You only get one chance to be a high schooler, so take 15 of it.
1．A．school B．graduation C．break D．random
2．A．cry B．lie C．sing D．sigh
3．A．proposal B．option C．possibility D．thought
4．A．meant B．replied C．reacted D．faded
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5．A．bring B．figure C．cross D．carry
6．A．anxiously B．bravely C．luckily D．initially
7．A．organization B．impression C．voice D．discovery
8．A．benefit B．chance C．challenge D．purpose
9．A．objectives B．principles C．concerns D．updates
10．A．disturbed B．sheltered C．alarmed D．inspired
11．A．applauding B．searching C．fighting D．longing
12．A．counted down B．went through C．set aside D．put off
13．A．promise B．assume C．pray D．realize
14．A．support B．advice C．rule D．warning
15．A．account B．notice C．control D．advantage
1. （2023·全国甲卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 1 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables
were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 2 (six)
century, B．C． Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 3 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for
Tomorrow.”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at
children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 4 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence
with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 5 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 6 (intend) for everyone.
7 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She
warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 8
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is
a more weighty 9 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has
been passed down through the ages can still 10 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
2.（2023·新高考 II 卷）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
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Since June 2017, right before the 11 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I
have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 12 (confidence) speaking
English. And who do they speak English 13
Not the pandas, even though 14 language used for the medical training instructions is actually
English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 15 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 16
(interview) in English with international journalists. This is 17 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 18 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop 19 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 20
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
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