模块 阅读理解 综合训练（一）
（考试时间：50分钟 试卷满分：75分）
甲
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
语篇 体裁 词数 话题 命题亮点 错题统计 错误原因总结
A 应用文 270 可再生能源的类型 与25全国I应用文相似
B 记叙文 337 对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱 倡导读书
C 说明文 314 夜猫子可能更聪明 考查思辨
D 科普说明文 384 处理微塑料垃圾 与25年全国I D篇异曲同工
A
A CLEAN, GREEN ENERGY FUTURE
Nowadays, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels produce emissions, but renewable energy sources cause limited damage to the environment.
Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world.
Solar
Solar panels turn heat from the sun’s rays into electricity, and solar heaters use that energy to heat water directly. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world, but China is the world’s largest market and the largest producer of solar technology.
Hydropower
The power of water turns turbines which produce electricity. Since ancient times, watermills have been used a lot. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydropower plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station.
Geothermal
This has been a natural source of energy for thousands of years. Today, heat from below the earth’s surface heats water into steam that turns turbines to generate electricity. The USA has the largest capacity, with over 80% generated in California. The Yangbajing Power Plant is the largest geothermal plant in China.
Wind
Tall turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind “farms” are built on land, or offshore, to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds at sea. The world’s largest wind farm is the London Array. It has 175 wind turbines and is 20 km off the coast of England. Researchers think China could meet all her electricity demands from wind by 2030. Wind farms in provinces such as Gansu have an endless wind supply.
1．Which country is the top in solar capacity worldwide according to the passage
A．China. B．Germany. C．The USA． D．England.
2．Which type of energy in China will play the greatest role in the future according to the passage
A．Solar. B．Hydropower. C．Wind. D．Geothermal.
3．In which column of a newspaper could the passage be found
A．Business. B．Science. C．Culture. D．Travel.
B
My husband, Haywood, reached retirement age after 37 years of teaching this summer. I am excited to have more time with the person I like best in the world. The only downside was his stuff. What does he do with all the books
Haywood brought home, all the books, to a house already piled up with the books passed down from our parents after they passed away. Every bookshelf in the house — and there are a lot of bookshelves in this house — was already stuffed beyond moving.
People have been arguing that print is dead, or about to be dead. It is not dead in this house. We write in books. We fold pages and underline passages and draw little stars at the edges of the pages.
Before the objections begin, let me say that I am 100 percent in favor of every kind of reading there is: e-books, audio books, Braille books, graphic books, you name it.
Nevertheless.
I will always prefer a book I can hold in my hand, the kind that smells of paper and glue. The material feel of it pleases me.
For me, a book made of paper will always be a beautiful object that warms a room even as it expands (or entertains, or challenges, or informs, or comforts) a mind, and a bookcase will always represent time itself. I walk past one of our bookcases, and I can tell you exactly why a particular book is still there, never removed as space grew limited.
When I reread a book from my own shelves, I meet my own younger self. I am what I have read far more surely than I am what I have eaten. By looking at our bookshelves, I can tell you who my husband was, too.
Our books ensure that I am still surrounded by all the selves I have ever been, and all the selves my husband has been. I prefer the messy shelves, the folded pages, the notes written in a familiar hand.
4．What can be inferred about the Haywood family
A．They push reading broadly. B．They show off their books,
C．They should limit their books. D．They have a reading tradition.
5．What is the author’s attitude towards e-books
A．Supportive. B．Grateful. C．Passionate. D．Curious.
6．Why can paper books warm a room according to the author
A．They calm people’s mind. B．They hold emotional memories.
C．They decorate the room well. D．They improve the family relation.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．My Books, My Moods B．My Bookshelf, Myself
C．My Tie to My Husband D．My Preference to Print Books
C
The idea that night owls who don’t go to bed until the early hours struggle to get anything done during the day may have to be revised. It turns out that staying up late could be good for our brain power as research suggests that people who identify as night owls could be sharper than those who go to bed early.
Researchers led by academics at Imperial College London studied data from the UK Biobank study on more than 26, 000 people who had completed intelligence, reasoning, reaction time and memory tests. They then examined how participants’ sleep duration, quality, and chronotype affected brain performance. They found that those who stay up late and those classed as “intermediate” had “superior cognitive function”, while morning larks had the lowest scores. Going to bed late is strongly associated with creative types. Artists, authors and musicians known to be night owls include James Joyce and Lady Gaga.
But while politicians like Barack Obama famously seemed to thrive on little sleep, the study found that sleep duration is important for brain function, with those getting between seven and nine hours of shut-eye each night performing best in cognitive tests. Prof Daqing Ma, the co-leader of the study, added, “We found that sleep duration has a direct effect on brain function, and we believe that actively managing sleep patterns is really important for boosting and safeguarding the way our brains work. We’d ideally like to see policy interventions to help sleep patterns improve in the general population.”
Some experts, however, urged caution in interpreting the findings. Jessica Chelekis, a sleep expert at Brunel University London, said there were “important limitations” to the study as the research did not account for education attainment, or include the time of day the cognitive tests were conducted in the results. The main value of the study was challenging stereotypes around sleep, she added.
8．What can be learned about the new research
A．It advocates a new trend of sleep patterns. B．It reveals most night owls have sharp brains.
C．It suggests staying up enhances brain power. D．It challenges common belief about night owls.
9．Why are James Joyce and Lady Gaga mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To provide examples of intermediate people.
B．To suggest most successful artists are night owls.
C．To prove artists have superior cognitive function.
D．To show the link between late hours and creativity.
10．Which statement will Prof Daqing Ma probably agree with
A．All sleep lengths equally improve brain function.
B．Parents shouldn’t intervene children’s sleep pattern.
C．Schools should start later to fit teens’ body clocks.
D．Sleep duration is more important than sleep quality.
11．What is the author’s attitude towards the new study
A．Objective. B．Skeptical C．Appreciative D．Critical
D
Tiny bits of plastic, called microplastics, pollute the air and our food. Plastic bits have been found everywhere from our bodies to a dolphin’s breath. That’s why scientists keep looking for ways to handle them. Now, they’ve discovered a new strategy.
Bacteria (细菌) common in wastewater can break down a type of plastic — PET. That finding could inform new ways to clean up PET pollution. Scientists have long known Comamonas, a kind of microbe (微生物), grow on plastics in water. That got Ludmilla Aristilde, a biochemist, wondering if the microbes use PET as food.
PET is the world’s most widely used plastic. Some 56 million tons of it is made each year — mostly for polyester clothing, water and soda bottles, and the packaging of many store-bought goods. That leads to a lot of PET pollution. Tiny pieces of PET come out of polyester clothes when they’re washed — and flow through water treatment plants into waterways. Bits of PET also get into waterways as plastic bottles and other PET packaging break down in the environment.
In past work, Aristilde discovered that one strain of Comamonas could break down rings of carbon atoms in laundry detergent (洗涤剂). Those carbon rings, she notes, were similar to the ones found in plastics. Here was a clue that the microbes may be able to break down PET as well.
Aristilde’s team grew Comamonas in the lab recently. Then they placed the microbes in a liquid-filled container for a month with tiny bits of PET. Afterward, they looked at the surface of the plastic with a special scanning microscope, which can create very detailed images of surfaces. The team found nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) of PET now floated in the water. At the end of the month, more than three times as many nano bits were in the water as before. This showed that the bacteria had been decompounding the PET. The bacteria also multiplied faster when they had PET available. That suggests they were using carbon molecules from the plastic bits as food.
Ren Wei, a biochemist, says the tiny organisms eat super tiny amounts of plastic. He adds that the rate at which they consume PET is far too slow to remove much of the vast amounts that enter the environment each year.
12．Why is a dolphin’s breath mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To show plastic pollution is a widespread problem.
B．To display the harmful effect of microplastics on sea creatures.
C．To prove microplastics can exist in wastewater for a long time.
D．To illustrate the strong ability of dolphins to detect microplastics.
13．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Wide uses of PET in life. B．Basic functions of PET.
C．Various sources of PET pollution. D．Main characteristics of PET pollution.
14．What does the underlined word “decompounding” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Taking over. B．Searching for. C．Sheltering from. D．Breaking apart.
15．What’s Ren Wei’s attitude to using the microbe to clean up PET pollution
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.
乙
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
语篇 体裁 词数 话题 命题亮点 错题统计 错误原因总结
A 应用文 327 人类对地球磁场的认识 与25全国I D篇命题思想相同，跨学科综合
B 记叙文 324 克服恐惧成功演讲 突出心理描写
C 说明文 309 微型森林的作用 环境保护
D 议论文 345 技术突破利弊共存 考查思辨能力
A
IN CONTEXT BRANCH Geology BEFORE 6th century BCE The Greek thinker Thales of Miletus notes magnetic rocks, or lodestones (天然磁石) . 1st century CE Chinese diviners make primitive compasses with iron spoon that can turn around to point south, 1269 French scholar Pierre de Maricourt sets out the basic laws of magnetic attraction, repulsion, and poles. AFTER 1824 French mathematician Siméon Poisson models the forces in a magnetic field. 1940s American physicist Walter Maurice Elsasser attributes Earth’ s magnetic field to iron swirling in its outer core as the planet rotates. 1958 Explorer 1 space mission shows Earth’s magnetic field extending far out into space. By the late 1500s, ships’ captains already relied on magnetic compasses to maintain their course across the oceans. Yet no one knew how they worked. Some thought the compass needle was attracted to the North Star, others that it was drawn to magnetic mountains in the Arctic. It was English physician William Gilbert who discovered that Earth itself is magnetic. Stronger reasons are obtained from sure experiments and demonstrated arguments than from probable conjectures (推测) and the opinions of philosophical speculators. William Gilbert Gilbert’s breakthrough came not from a flash of inspiration, but from 17 years of careful experiments. He learned all he could from ships’ captains and compass makers, and then he made a model globe, or “terrella” out of the magnetic rock lodestone and tested compass needles against it. The needles reacted around the terrella just as ships’ compasses did on a larger scale — showing the same patterns of declination (pointing slightly away from true north at the geographic pole, which differs from magnetic north) and inclination (tilting down from the horizontal toward the globe) . Gilbert concluded, rightly, that the entire planet is a magnet and has a core of iron. He published his ideas in the book DeMagnete (On the Magnet) in 1600, causing a d sensation. Johannes Kepler and Galileo, in particular, were inspired by his suggestion that Earth is not fixed to rotating celestial spheres, as most people still thought, but is made to spin by the invisible force of its own magnetism.
1．Before the 16h century, how did captains navigate across oceans
A．The North Star navigated their ships.
B．The forces in a magnetic field attracted the ships.
C．Magnetic compasses helped them maintain the course.
D．The magnetic mountains in the Arctic guided their journey.
2．How did William Gilbert find out the fact that Earth itself is magnetic
A．Through trials and errors.
B．By acquiring some flash inspiration.
C．By studying the ideas of some philosophers.
D．Through some personal philosophical speculation.
3．Which of the following statement might Galileo agree with
A．The earth stays movable.
B．The earth has its own magnetic field.
C．Gilbert’s findings and conclusions are sensational.
D．Gilbert successfully refuted the laws of magnetic attraction.
B
Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. When she was invited to deliver the opening speech at the annual Serenity Book Festival — an event too significant to decline — her anxiety rose.
Oliver, a bright and considerate boy who frequented the library, quickly sensed Emma’s depression. Having always admired her warmth and devotion, Oliver approached her with a gentle smile. “Why don’t we overcome our fear like heroes in them ” he suggested kindly, pointing to the books on the shelf. Moved by the boy’s courage, Emma agreed softly, “Alright, let’s give it a try!” With each practice, Emma gradually gained the confidence to boldly face her fear.
As the festival approached, Emma practiced before small groups, then larger ones, steadily improving. But a week prior, she received an unexpected letter from her old teacher, Mr. Langston, who expressed his intention to attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding to her pressure. Noticing her concern, Oliver reminded her how much she had improved. They did a final practice in front of the library staff, whose encouragement boosted her confidence significantly, calming her nerves for the big day.
The day of the festival arrived. Stepping onto the stage, Emma felt her heart beating wildly. She took a deep breath and began to speak. Oliver, sitting in the front row, watched with pride. His smile widened as he heard confidence in her voice. The audience listened attentively. When Emma concluded with a request for everyone to learn from books, there was a moment of silence — then the crowd erupted into applause. Tears of joy filled her eyes, not just from relief, but from the overwhelming support and recognition from both Oliver and the audience.
Emma took a final how as the applause died down, feeling a warmth in her heart. She knew she could face whatever came next.
4．What was the problem with Emma
A．It troubled her to host an event.
B．She was afraid to speak in public.
C．She found it difficult to stay calm.
D．It was hard for her to fund the festival.
5．What do we know about Mr. Langston’s letter
A．It made Emma much more anxious.
B．It encouraged Emma to be confident.
C．It taught Emma the techniques of speaking.
D．It invited Emma to the celebration of the festival.
6．Which of the following best describes Emma
A．Humble and capable. B．Careful and successful.
C．Anxious and ambitious. D．Determined and committed.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．The Librarian’s Secret: A Tale of Hidden Fears
B．Emma’ s Speech: A Journey from Fear to Applause
C．Oliver’s Advice: A Story of Friendship and Support
D．The Serenity Book Festival: A Celebration of Literature
C
Like a literal breath of fresh air, so-called “micro-forests” represent a green practice, boosting the quality of life in many of the world’s polluted and overcrowded urban centers.
These small areas of densely (稠密地) planted woodland trees, also known as mini-forests or pocket forests, allow communities to manage the effects of climate change in a small way, but offer enormous benefits to the environment and local people, as they restore soil, air and water quality. These mini-forests are proving a magnet for various animal and plant species, which offer human beings the chance to learn more about nature. Magically becoming self-sustaining over time, they are a way to make reimagined urban life a reality.
Significantly, mini-forests, as one of their nonprofit facilitators SUGi outlines, serve to build social bonds in communities as well, as they come together to enjoy and sustain new natural settings. They can also regenerate and beautify neglected (被忽视的) plots in cities such as former basketball courts, and disused parking lots and playgrounds, for instance.
According to the UN’s State of the World’s Forests Report from 2020, over 440 million hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost to other uses since 1990. Now, more than half of the global population lives in urban areas, but the access to green spaces is limited. The good news is that micro-forests in cities can offer an important chance to fight against deforestation and enlarge green spaces.
Euro News details some of the many exciting micro-forests that have taken root globally. Nonprofit Earthwatch Europe, for instance, has planted 285 of them since 2022. Their plots are made up of 600 trees. A tree-planting program aiming to restore biodiversity and reintroduce native species, SUGi, has created 230 pocket forests in 52 cities around the world, from Toulouse in France, to Madrid in Spain, and Saint George in Romania.
8．What does the underlined word “magnet” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Something artificial. B．Something simplified.
C．Something innovative. D．Something appealing.
9．How do micro-forests benefit a city according to the text
A．They reduce traffic jams. B．They improve urban land use.
C．They popularize sports activities. D．They ensure citizens’ privacy.
10．What is the data in paragraph 4 intended to stress
A．The fast pace of urbanization. B．The need to control populations.
C．The importance of micro-forests, D．The harm caused by deforestation.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Plans to further promote micro-forests. B．Benefits of sustaining micro-forests.
C．Examples of creating micro-forests in cities. D．Policies about micro-forest preservation.
D
Since the dawn of human history, innovation has been a balancing act of wonder and fear. From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes, each technological breakthrough has promised to enhance human abilities while simultaneously (同时) causing risks. Fire could warm us or destroy us; airplanes could connect us or be turned into tools of war. Yet through all these advancements, one constant has remained: human cognition (认知) , the unique spark of thought and creativity that has shaped our progress.
But today, something is different. For the first time in history, human cognition itself is at risk of being out-of-date. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), we are no longer just building tools to enhance our abilities; we are building systems that may be superior to our very capacity to think, create, and innovate. This shift doesn’t just completely change industries, but it also challenges the core of what makes us human.
In past innovations, technologies functioned as extensions of human abilities. The airplanes enlarged our physical reach, the Internet expanded our access to information, and computers increased our ability to compute. These tools were clearly under human control, operating within the boundaries we set.
However, AI is fundamentally different. It operates in the range of cognition, not merely conducting tasks, but also learning, reasoning, and even generating creative content. From writing news articles to diagnosing diseases, AI systems are performing tasks once thought to require uniquely human judgment. What happens when machines can think better than we can And, more importantly, what does it mean to be human in an age when our intellectual strength is no longer guaranteed
Historically, we’ve accepted obsolescence (过时) as part of the cycle of innovation and, in most situations, embraced it. Outdated tools should be abandoned, and new ones take their place. But when the “tool” at risk of obsolescence is human cognition itself, we enter unknown area. AI’s capacity to potentially outdo our intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak position, one where we must confront our own limitations.
12．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．One good turn deserves another. B．Take things as they come.
C．Don’t put the cart before the horse. D．Every coin has two sides.
13．What does the author mean by saying “But today, something is different” in paragraph 2
A．Human cognition starts to be outdated. B．Wonder and fear have lost balance.
C．Human cognition has reached a ceiling. D．Creativity has shaped our progress.
14．How is the main idea presented in the text
A．By telling stories. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By giving examples. D．By applying inferences.
15．What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of artificial intelligence
A．Concerned. B．Skeptical. C．Positive. D．Unclear.
()
()
()模块 阅读理解 综合训练（一）
（考试时间：50分钟 试卷满分：75分）
甲
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
语篇 体裁 词数 话题 命题亮点 错题统计 错误原因总结
A 应用文 270 可再生能源的类型 与25全国I应用文相似
B 记叙文 337 对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱 倡导读书
C 说明文 314 夜猫子可能更聪明 考查思辨
D 科普说明文 384 处理微塑料垃圾 与25年全国I D篇异曲同工
A
A CLEAN, GREEN ENERGY FUTURE
Nowadays, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels produce emissions, but renewable energy sources cause limited damage to the environment.
Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world.
Solar
Solar panels turn heat from the sun’s rays into electricity, and solar heaters use that energy to heat water directly. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world, but China is the world’s largest market and the largest producer of solar technology.
Hydropower
The power of water turns turbines which produce electricity. Since ancient times, watermills have been used a lot. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydropower plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station.
Geothermal
This has been a natural source of energy for thousands of years. Today, heat from below the earth’s surface heats water into steam that turns turbines to generate electricity. The USA has the largest capacity, with over 80% generated in California. The Yangbajing Power Plant is the largest geothermal plant in China.
Wind
Tall turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind “farms” are built on land, or offshore, to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds at sea. The world’s largest wind farm is the London Array. It has 175 wind turbines and is 20 km off the coast of England. Researchers think China could meet all her electricity demands from wind by 2030. Wind farms in provinces such as Gansu have an endless wind supply.
1．Which country is the top in solar capacity worldwide according to the passage
A．China. B．Germany. C．The USA． D．England.
2．Which type of energy in China will play the greatest role in the future according to the passage
A．Solar. B．Hydropower. C．Wind. D．Geothermal.
3．In which column of a newspaper could the passage be found
A．Business. B．Science. C．Culture. D．Travel.
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可再生能源的类型，包括太阳能、水力发电、地热能和风能，以及它们在世界范围内的应用。
1．B细节理解题。根据文章Solar部分的“Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world, but China is the world’s largest market and the largest producer of solar technology.(德国拥有世界上最高的太阳能产能，但中国是世界上最大的市场和最大的太阳能技术生产国)”可知，德国是世界上太阳能发电量最多的国家。故选B。
2．C细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Researchers think China could meet all her electricity demands from wind by 2030.(研究人员认为，到2030年，中国可以通过风能满足所有的电力需求。)”可知，在中国，风能将在未来发挥最大的作用。故选C。
3．B推理判断题。文章主要介绍了可再生能源的类型，包括太阳能、水力发电、地热能和风能，以及它们在世界范围内的应用。这些内容属于科学和技术领域的范畴，因此这篇文章最有可能出现在报纸的“科学”专栏中。故选B。
B
My husband, Haywood, reached retirement age after 37 years of teaching this summer. I am excited to have more time with the person I like best in the world. The only downside was his stuff. What does he do with all the books
Haywood brought home, all the books, to a house already piled up with the books passed down from our parents after they passed away. Every bookshelf in the house — and there are a lot of bookshelves in this house — was already stuffed beyond moving.
People have been arguing that print is dead, or about to be dead. It is not dead in this house. We write in books. We fold pages and underline passages and draw little stars at the edges of the pages.
Before the objections begin, let me say that I am 100 percent in favor of every kind of reading there is: e-books, audio books, Braille books, graphic books, you name it.
Nevertheless.
I will always prefer a book I can hold in my hand, the kind that smells of paper and glue. The material feel of it pleases me.
For me, a book made of paper will always be a beautiful object that warms a room even as it expands (or entertains, or challenges, or informs, or comforts) a mind, and a bookcase will always represent time itself. I walk past one of our bookcases, and I can tell you exactly why a particular book is still there, never removed as space grew limited.
When I reread a book from my own shelves, I meet my own younger self. I am what I have read far more surely than I am what I have eaten. By looking at our bookshelves, I can tell you who my husband was, too.
Our books ensure that I am still surrounded by all the selves I have ever been, and all the selves my husband has been. I prefer the messy shelves, the folded pages, the notes written in a familiar hand.
4．What can be inferred about the Haywood family
A．They push reading broadly. B．They show off their books,
C．They should limit their books. D．They have a reading tradition.
5．What is the author’s attitude towards e-books
A．Supportive. B．Grateful. C．Passionate. D．Curious.
6．Why can paper books warm a room according to the author
A．They calm people’s mind. B．They hold emotional memories.
C．They decorate the room well. D．They improve the family relation.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．My Books, My Moods B．My Bookshelf, Myself
C．My Tie to My Husband D．My Preference to Print Books
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱。作者丈夫退休后，家中书籍堆积如山，但这并未让作者感到困扰，反而让她倍感亲切。书架上的书籍见证了作者和丈夫的历程，是时间的见证者。因此，作者坚称纸质书在她心中有着不可替代的地位。
4．D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Haywood brought home, all the books, to a house already piled up with the books passed down from our parents after they passed away. Every bookshelf in the house — and there are a lot of bookshelves in this house — was already stuffed beyond moving.(海伍德把所有的书都带回家，我们的家里已经堆满了父母去世后留下的书。房子里的每个书架——这个房子里有很多书架——都已经塞得无法移动了)”可知，海伍德家族有阅读的传统。故选D。
5．A推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Before the objections begin, let me say that I am 100 percent in favor of every kind of reading there is: e-books, audio books, Braille books, graphic books, you name it.(在反对开始之前，我想说，我百分之百地支持所有的阅读方式：电子书、有声书、盲文书、图文书，应有尽有)”可知，作者对电子书的态度是支持。故选A。
6．B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中的“For me, a book made of paper will always be a beautiful object that warms a room even as it expands (or entertains, or challenges, or informs, or comforts) a mind, and a bookcase will always represent time itself. I walk past one of our bookcases, and I can tell you exactly why a particular book is still there, never removed as space grew limited.(对我来说，一本纸做的书永远是一件美丽的东西，它温暖了一个房间，即使它扩展了（或娱乐，或挑战，或告知，或安慰）一个心灵，书柜永远代表着时间本身。当我走过我们的一个书柜时，我可以确切地告诉你为什么某本书还在那里，因为空间变得有限而从未移走)”可知，纸书可以温暖房间是因为它们拥有情感记忆。故选B。
7．B主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Our books ensure that I am still surrounded by all the selves I have ever been, and all the selves my husband has been. I prefer the messy shelves, the folded pages, the notes written in a familiar hand.(我们的书确保我仍然被我曾经的自己和我丈夫曾经的自己所包围。我更喜欢凌乱的书架，折叠的书页，用熟悉的笔迹写的笔记)”以及本文讲述了作者对纸质书的深厚情感与偏爱。作者丈夫退休后，家中书籍堆积如山，但这并未让作者感到困扰，反而让她倍感亲切，书架上的书籍见证了作者和丈夫的历程，是时间的见证者，因此，作者坚称纸质书在她心中有着不可替代的地位，可知，B选项“我的书架和我自己”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C
The idea that night owls who don’t go to bed until the early hours struggle to get anything done during the day may have to be revised. It turns out that staying up late could be good for our brain power as research suggests that people who identify as night owls could be sharper than those who go to bed early.
Researchers led by academics at Imperial College London studied data from the UK Biobank study on more than 26, 000 people who had completed intelligence, reasoning, reaction time and memory tests. They then examined how participants’ sleep duration, quality, and chronotype affected brain performance. They found that those who stay up late and those classed as “intermediate” had “superior cognitive function”, while morning larks had the lowest scores. Going to bed late is strongly associated with creative types. Artists, authors and musicians known to be night owls include James Joyce and Lady Gaga.
But while politicians like Barack Obama famously seemed to thrive on little sleep, the study found that sleep duration is important for brain function, with those getting between seven and nine hours of shut-eye each night performing best in cognitive tests. Prof Daqing Ma, the co-leader of the study, added, “We found that sleep duration has a direct effect on brain function, and we believe that actively managing sleep patterns is really important for boosting and safeguarding the way our brains work. We’d ideally like to see policy interventions to help sleep patterns improve in the general population.”
Some experts, however, urged caution in interpreting the findings. Jessica Chelekis, a sleep expert at Brunel University London, said there were “important limitations” to the study as the research did not account for education attainment, or include the time of day the cognitive tests were conducted in the results. The main value of the study was challenging stereotypes around sleep, she added.
8．What can be learned about the new research
A．It advocates a new trend of sleep patterns. B．It reveals most night owls have sharp brains.
C．It suggests staying up enhances brain power. D．It challenges common belief about night owls.
9．Why are James Joyce and Lady Gaga mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To provide examples of intermediate people.
B．To suggest most successful artists are night owls.
C．To prove artists have superior cognitive function.
D．To show the link between late hours and creativity.
10．Which statement will Prof Daqing Ma probably agree with
A．All sleep lengths equally improve brain function.
B．Parents shouldn’t intervene children’s sleep pattern.
C．Schools should start later to fit teens’ body clocks.
D．Sleep duration is more important than sleep quality.
11．What is the author’s attitude towards the new study
A．Objective. B．Skeptical C．Appreciative D．Critical
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夜猫子可能更聪明，挑战了传统观念。
8．D细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The idea that night owls who don’t go to bed until the early hours struggle to get anything done during the day may have to be revised. It turns out that staying up late could be good for our brain power as research suggests that people who identify as night owls could be sharper than those who go to bed early. (直到凌晨才上床睡觉的夜猫子在白天难以完成任何事情的观点可能需要修正。事实证明，熬夜可能对我们的脑力有好处，因为研究表明，自称夜猫子的人可能比早睡的人更敏锐。)”可知，新研究表明熬夜可能会增强脑力，这与人们通常认为夜猫子白天效率低的观点相悖，即挑战了关于夜猫子的普遍看法。故选D。
9．D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Going to bed late is strongly associated with creative types. Artists, authors and musicians known to be night owls include James Joyce and Lady Gaga. (晚睡与有创造力的人密切相关。已知的夜猫子艺术家、作家和音乐家包括James Joyce和Lady Gaga。)”可知，本段提到James Joyce和Lady Gaga是为了说明熬夜与创造力之间的联系。故选D。
10．C推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“We found that sleep duration has a direct effect on brain function, and we believe that actively managing sleep patterns is really important for boosting and safeguarding the way our brains work. We’d ideally like to see policy interventions to help sleep patterns improve in the general population. (我们发现睡眠时间对大脑功能有直接影响，我们认为积极管理睡眠模式对于增强和保护我们大脑的工作方式非常重要。我们理想地希望看到政策干预，以帮助改善普通人群的睡眠模式。)”可知，马教授认为睡眠时间对大脑功能有直接影响，积极管理睡眠模式很重要，并且希望看到政策干预来改善普通人群的睡眠模式，由此可推知，他可能会同意学校应该推迟上课时间以适应青少年的生物钟这一观点，因为这有助于改善青少年的睡眠模式。故选C。
11．A推理判断题。通读全文，作者首先介绍了新研究的内容和发现，然后引用了研究人员的观点，接着又提到了其他专家对研究结果的谨慎态度，并指出了研究的局限性。由此推知，作者对这一研究持客观态度。故选A。
D
Tiny bits of plastic, called microplastics, pollute the air and our food. Plastic bits have been found everywhere from our bodies to a dolphin’s breath. That’s why scientists keep looking for ways to handle them. Now, they’ve discovered a new strategy.
Bacteria (细菌) common in wastewater can break down a type of plastic — PET. That finding could inform new ways to clean up PET pollution. Scientists have long known Comamonas, a kind of microbe (微生物), grow on plastics in water. That got Ludmilla Aristilde, a biochemist, wondering if the microbes use PET as food.
PET is the world’s most widely used plastic. Some 56 million tons of it is made each year — mostly for polyester clothing, water and soda bottles, and the packaging of many store-bought goods. That leads to a lot of PET pollution. Tiny pieces of PET come out of polyester clothes when they’re washed — and flow through water treatment plants into waterways. Bits of PET also get into waterways as plastic bottles and other PET packaging break down in the environment.
In past work, Aristilde discovered that one strain of Comamonas could break down rings of carbon atoms in laundry detergent (洗涤剂). Those carbon rings, she notes, were similar to the ones found in plastics. Here was a clue that the microbes may be able to break down PET as well.
Aristilde’s team grew Comamonas in the lab recently. Then they placed the microbes in a liquid-filled container for a month with tiny bits of PET. Afterward, they looked at the surface of the plastic with a special scanning microscope, which can create very detailed images of surfaces. The team found nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) of PET now floated in the water. At the end of the month, more than three times as many nano bits were in the water as before. This showed that the bacteria had been decompounding the PET. The bacteria also multiplied faster when they had PET available. That suggests they were using carbon molecules from the plastic bits as food.
Ren Wei, a biochemist, says the tiny organisms eat super tiny amounts of plastic. He adds that the rate at which they consume PET is far too slow to remove much of the vast amounts that enter the environment each year.
12．Why is a dolphin’s breath mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To show plastic pollution is a widespread problem.
B．To display the harmful effect of microplastics on sea creatures.
C．To prove microplastics can exist in wastewater for a long time.
D．To illustrate the strong ability of dolphins to detect microplastics.
13．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Wide uses of PET in life. B．Basic functions of PET.
C．Various sources of PET pollution. D．Main characteristics of PET pollution.
14．What does the underlined word “decompounding” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Taking over. B．Searching for. C．Sheltering from. D．Breaking apart.
15．What’s Ren Wei’s attitude to using the microbe to clean up PET pollution
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Unconcerned.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过研究发现废水中的细菌能分解塑料。
12．A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Tiny bits of plastic, called microplastics, pollute the air and our food. Plastic bits have been found everywhere from our bodies to a dolphin’s breath.(被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片污染了空气和我们的食物。从我们的身体到海豚的呼吸，塑料碎片无处不在)”可知，第一段提到了海豚的呼吸是为了表明塑料污染是一个普遍存在的问题。故选A。
13．C主旨大意题。根据文章第三段中的“PET is the world’s most widely used plastic. Some 56 million tons of it is made each year — mostly for polyester clothing, water and soda bottles, and the packaging of many store-bought goods. That leads to a lot of PET pollution. Tiny pieces of PET come out of polyester clothes when they’re washed — and flow through water treatment plants into waterways. Bits of PET also get into waterways as plastic bottles and other PET packaging break down in the environment.(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）是世界上使用最广泛的塑料。每年大约生产5600万吨PET，主要用于制作聚酯纤维衣物、饮用水和碳酸饮料瓶，以及许多商店售卖商品的包装。这导致了大量的PET污染。当聚酯纤维衣物被清洗时，会脱落出微小的PET碎片，这些碎片会随着水流通过污水处理厂进入水道。此外，随着塑料瓶和其他PET包装在环境中分解，也会有PET碎片进入水道)”可知，第三段主要讲的是各种PET污染源。故选C。
14．D词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The team found nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) of PET now floated in the water. At the end of the month, more than three times as many nano bits were in the water as before.(研究团队发现，水体中现在漂浮着聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）的纳米颗粒。到月底时，水中的纳米颗粒数量是之前的三倍多)”可知，细菌对PET颗粒产生某种影响使其变成了更小的纳米颗粒（nanobits）。由此可知，划线词decompound和Breaking apart“分解，使分裂”意思相近。故选D。
15．B推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“He adds that the rate at which they consume PET is far too slow to remove much of the vast amounts that enter the environment each year.(他补充说，他们消耗PET的速度太慢，无法清除每年进入环境的大量PET)”可知，Ren Wei认为细菌分解PET的速度太慢，远无法清除每年进入环境的大量PET。由此可推知，Ren Wei对于利用细菌清除PET污染持怀疑态度。故选B。
乙
阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，共37.5分）用时：25分钟
语篇 体裁 词数 话题 命题亮点 错题统计 错误原因总结
A 应用文 327 人类对地球磁场的认识 与25全国I D篇命题思想相同，跨学科综合
B 记叙文 324 克服恐惧成功演讲 突出心理描写
C 说明文 309 微型森林的作用 环境保护
D 议论文 345 技术突破利弊共存 考查思辨能力
A
IN CONTEXT BRANCH Geology BEFORE 6th century BCE The Greek thinker Thales of Miletus notes magnetic rocks, or lodestones (天然磁石) . 1st century CE Chinese diviners make primitive compasses with iron spoon that can turn around to point south, 1269 French scholar Pierre de Maricourt sets out the basic laws of magnetic attraction, repulsion, and poles. AFTER 1824 French mathematician Siméon Poisson models the forces in a magnetic field. 1940s American physicist Walter Maurice Elsasser attributes Earth’ s magnetic field to iron swirling in its outer core as the planet rotates. 1958 Explorer 1 space mission shows Earth’s magnetic field extending far out into space. By the late 1500s, ships’ captains already relied on magnetic compasses to maintain their course across the oceans. Yet no one knew how they worked. Some thought the compass needle was attracted to the North Star, others that it was drawn to magnetic mountains in the Arctic. It was English physician William Gilbert who discovered that Earth itself is magnetic. Stronger reasons are obtained from sure experiments and demonstrated arguments than from probable conjectures (推测) and the opinions of philosophical speculators. William Gilbert Gilbert’s breakthrough came not from a flash of inspiration, but from 17 years of careful experiments. He learned all he could from ships’ captains and compass makers, and then he made a model globe, or “terrella” out of the magnetic rock lodestone and tested compass needles against it. The needles reacted around the terrella just as ships’ compasses did on a larger scale — showing the same patterns of declination (pointing slightly away from true north at the geographic pole, which differs from magnetic north) and inclination (tilting down from the horizontal toward the globe) . Gilbert concluded, rightly, that the entire planet is a magnet and has a core of iron. He published his ideas in the book DeMagnete (On the Magnet) in 1600, causing a d sensation. Johannes Kepler and Galileo, in particular, were inspired by his suggestion that Earth is not fixed to rotating celestial spheres, as most people still thought, but is made to spin by the invisible force of its own magnetism.
1．Before the 16h century, how did captains navigate across oceans
A．The North Star navigated their ships.
B．The forces in a magnetic field attracted the ships.
C．Magnetic compasses helped them maintain the course.
D．The magnetic mountains in the Arctic guided their journey.
2．How did William Gilbert find out the fact that Earth itself is magnetic
A．Through trials and errors.
B．By acquiring some flash inspiration.
C．By studying the ideas of some philosophers.
D．Through some personal philosophical speculation.
3．Which of the following statement might Galileo agree with
A．The earth stays movable.
B．The earth has its own magnetic field.
C．Gilbert’s findings and conclusions are sensational.
D．Gilbert successfully refuted the laws of magnetic attraction.
【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是从古至今人类对地球磁场的认识，特别是威廉·吉尔伯特发现地球自身磁性的实验和理论。
1．C细节理解题。根据图表右栏首段中的“By the late 1500s, ships’ captains already relied on magnetic compasses to maintain their course across the oceans.(到16世纪末，船长们已经依靠磁罗盘来保持他们在海洋中的航向。)”可知，在16世纪之前，船长们依靠磁罗盘来保持航向。故选C项。
2．A细节理解题。根据图表右栏William Gilbert部分中的“Gilbert’s breakthrough came not from a flash of inspiration, but from 17 years of careful experiments.(Gilbert 的突破并非来自灵光一闪，而是源于17年的认真的实验。)”可知，他的发现是通过反复试验和错误总结得来的。故选A项。
3．B推理判断题。根据图表右栏尾段中的“Johannes Kepler and Galileo, in particular, were inspired by his suggestion that Earth is not fixed to rotating celestial spheres, as most people still thought, but is made to spin by the invisible force of its own magnetism.(特别是约翰内斯·开普勒和伽利略受到他提出的观点的启发：地球并不是固定在旋转的天球上（如大多数人仍然认为的那样），而是通过其自身磁力的无形力量而自转。)”可知，地球是通过其自身磁力的无形力量而自转，由此可知，伽利略可能认可“地球具有自身的磁场”这一观点。故选B项。
B
Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. When she was invited to deliver the opening speech at the annual Serenity Book Festival — an event too significant to decline — her anxiety rose.
Oliver, a bright and considerate boy who frequented the library, quickly sensed Emma’s depression. Having always admired her warmth and devotion, Oliver approached her with a gentle smile. “Why don’t we overcome our fear like heroes in them ” he suggested kindly, pointing to the books on the shelf. Moved by the boy’s courage, Emma agreed softly, “Alright, let’s give it a try!” With each practice, Emma gradually gained the confidence to boldly face her fear.
As the festival approached, Emma practiced before small groups, then larger ones, steadily improving. But a week prior, she received an unexpected letter from her old teacher, Mr. Langston, who expressed his intention to attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding to her pressure. Noticing her concern, Oliver reminded her how much she had improved. They did a final practice in front of the library staff, whose encouragement boosted her confidence significantly, calming her nerves for the big day.
The day of the festival arrived. Stepping onto the stage, Emma felt her heart beating wildly. She took a deep breath and began to speak. Oliver, sitting in the front row, watched with pride. His smile widened as he heard confidence in her voice. The audience listened attentively. When Emma concluded with a request for everyone to learn from books, there was a moment of silence — then the crowd erupted into applause. Tears of joy filled her eyes, not just from relief, but from the overwhelming support and recognition from both Oliver and the audience.
Emma took a final how as the applause died down, feeling a warmth in her heart. She knew she could face whatever came next.
4．What was the problem with Emma
A．It troubled her to host an event.
B．She was afraid to speak in public.
C．She found it difficult to stay calm.
D．It was hard for her to fund the festival.
5．What do we know about Mr. Langston’s letter
A．It made Emma much more anxious.
B．It encouraged Emma to be confident.
C．It taught Emma the techniques of speaking.
D．It invited Emma to the celebration of the festival.
6．Which of the following best describes Emma
A．Humble and capable. B．Careful and successful.
C．Anxious and ambitious. D．Determined and committed.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．The Librarian’s Secret: A Tale of Hidden Fears
B．Emma’ s Speech: A Journey from Fear to Applause
C．Oliver’s Advice: A Story of Friendship and Support
D．The Serenity Book Festival: A Celebration of Literature
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了图书管理员Emma害怕公众演讲，但在男孩Oliver的鼓励和帮助下，她克服恐惧，在图书节开幕式演讲中获得了观众的掌声。
4．B细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. (艾玛是一位年轻的图书管理员，她笑容温暖，工作认真负责，但内心深处却藏着一种深深的恐惧：公开演讲)”可知，Emma的问题是害怕在公众场合讲话。故选B。
5．A细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“But a week prior, she received an unexpected letter from her old teacher, Mr. Langston, who expressed his intention to attend and eagerly anticipated her speech, adding to her pressure. (但在演讲前一周，她收到了老教师兰斯顿先生的一封意外来信，他表示打算参加并热切期待她的演讲，这增加了她的压力)”可知，兰斯顿先生的信让Emma更加焦虑了。故选A。
6．D推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep-seated fear: public speaking. (艾玛是一位年轻的图书管理员，她笑容温暖，工作认真负责，但内心深处却藏着一种深深的恐惧：公开演讲)”、第二段中“With each practice, Emma gradually gained the confidence to boldly face her fear. (通过每一次练习，Emma逐渐获得了勇敢面对恐惧的信心)”、第三段中“They did a final practice in front of the library staff, whose encouragement boosted her confidence significantly, calming her nerves for the big day. (他们在图书馆工作人员面前进行了最后一次练习，他们的鼓励大大增强了她的信心，让她在大日子到来时平静下来)”和第四段中“The audience listened attentively. When Emma concluded with a request for everyone to learn from books, there was a moment of silence — then the crowd erupted into applause. (听众聚精会神地听着。当艾玛结束时，她要求每个人都从书本中学习，大家沉默了一会儿，然后人群爆发出掌声)”可知，Emma克服了对公开演讲的恐惧，通过坚持和不断练习，赢得了观众的掌声，这展现了她为实现目标的坚决(determined)和坚定(committed)。故选D。
7．B主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Emma, a young librarian with a heartwarming smile and a steady commitment to her work, harboured a deep seated fear: public speaking. (艾玛是一位年轻的图书管理员，她笑容温暖，工作认真负责，但内心深处却藏着一种深深的恐惧：公开演讲)”可知Emma一开始害怕公众演讲；再根据第四 中段中“The day of the festival arrived. Stepping onto the stage, Emma felt her heart beating wildly. She took a deep breath and began to speak. Oliver, sitting in the front row, watched with pride. His smile widened as he heard confidence in her voice. The audience listened attentively. When Emma concluded with a request for everyone to learn from books, there was a moment of silence — then the crowd erupted into applause. (节日当天到了。艾玛走上舞台，感到心跳得厉害。她深吸了一口气，开始说话。奥利弗坐在前排，骄傲地看着他们。当他听到她的声音充满信心时，他的笑容更灿烂了。听众聚精会神地听着。当艾玛结束时，她要求每个人都从书本中学习，大家沉默了一会儿，然后人群爆发出掌声)”可知，Emma最终克服恐惧在演讲中获得了掌声。所以文章主要讲述了Emma从害怕公众演讲到获得掌声的过程。B选项“Emma’s Speech: A Journey from Fear to Applause(艾玛的演讲：从恐惧到掌声的旅程)”能概括文章的主要内容，最适合做文章标题。故选B。
C
Like a literal breath of fresh air, so-called “micro-forests” represent a green practice, boosting the quality of life in many of the world’s polluted and overcrowded urban centers.
These small areas of densely (稠密地) planted woodland trees, also known as mini-forests or pocket forests, allow communities to manage the effects of climate change in a small way, but offer enormous benefits to the environment and local people, as they restore soil, air and water quality. These mini-forests are proving a magnet for various animal and plant species, which offer human beings the chance to learn more about nature. Magically becoming self-sustaining over time, they are a way to make reimagined urban life a reality.
Significantly, mini-forests, as one of their nonprofit facilitators SUGi outlines, serve to build social bonds in communities as well, as they come together to enjoy and sustain new natural settings. They can also regenerate and beautify neglected (被忽视的) plots in cities such as former basketball courts, and disused parking lots and playgrounds, for instance.
According to the UN’s State of the World’s Forests Report from 2020, over 440 million hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost to other uses since 1990. Now, more than half of the global population lives in urban areas, but the access to green spaces is limited. The good news is that micro-forests in cities can offer an important chance to fight against deforestation and enlarge green spaces.
Euro News details some of the many exciting micro-forests that have taken root globally. Nonprofit Earthwatch Europe, for instance, has planted 285 of them since 2022. Their plots are made up of 600 trees. A tree-planting program aiming to restore biodiversity and reintroduce native species, SUGi, has created 230 pocket forests in 52 cities around the world, from Toulouse in France, to Madrid in Spain, and Saint George in Romania.
8．What does the underlined word “magnet” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Something artificial. B．Something simplified.
C．Something innovative. D．Something appealing.
9．How do micro-forests benefit a city according to the text
A．They reduce traffic jams. B．They improve urban land use.
C．They popularize sports activities. D．They ensure citizens’ privacy.
10．What is the data in paragraph 4 intended to stress
A．The fast pace of urbanization. B．The need to control populations.
C．The importance of micro-forests, D．The harm caused by deforestation.
11．What is the last paragraph mainly about
A．Plans to further promote micro-forests. B．Benefits of sustaining micro-forests.
C．Examples of creating micro-forests in cities. D．Policies about micro-forest preservation.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了“微型森林”作为绿色实践对城市环境和居民生活的益处。
8．D词句猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“These mini-forests are proving a magnet for various animal and plant species, which offer human beings the chance to learn more about nature. Magically becoming self-sustaining over time, they are a way to make reimagined urban life a reality. (事实证明，这些迷你森林对各种动植物物种是magnet，为人类提供了更多了解自然的机会。随着时间的推移，它们神奇地实现了自我维持，成为重塑城市生活的一种方式。)”并结合选项可知，这些小森林吸引了很多动植物物种，所以能为人类提供了更多了解自然的机会，所以magnet在这里的意思是“有吸引力的东西”。故选D。
9．B细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“They can also regenerate and beautify neglected (被忽视的) plots in cities such as former basketball courts, and disused parking lots and playgrounds, for instance. (例如，它们还可以改造和美化城市中被忽视的地块，如以前的篮球场、废弃的停车场和游乐场。)”可知，微型森林可以改善城市土地利用。故选B。
10．C推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“According to the UN’s State of the World’s Forests Report from 2020, over 440 million hectares (公顷) of forest have been lost to other uses since 1990. Now, more than half of the global population lives in urban areas, but the access to green spaces is limited. The good news is that micro-forests in cities can offer an important chance to fight against deforestation and enlarge green spaces. (根据联合国2020年《世界森林状况报告》，自1990年以来，超过4.4亿公顷的森林被用于其他用途。如今，全球一半以上的人口居住在城市地区，但接触绿色空间的机会有限。好消息是，城市中的微型森林可以为对抗森林砍伐和扩大绿色空间提供重要机会。)”可知，第四段中的数据旨在强调微型森林的重要性。故选C。
11．C主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段中的“Euro News details some of the many exciting micro-forests that have taken root globally. Nonprofit Earthwatch Europe, for instance, has planted 285 of them since 2022. Their plots are made up of 600 trees. A tree-planting program aiming to restore biodiversity and reintroduce native species, SUGi, has created 230 pocket forests in 52 cities around the world, from Toulouse in France, to Madrid in Spain, and Saint George in Romania. (《欧洲新闻》详细介绍了全球范围内已经扎根的许多令人兴奋的微型森林。例如，非营利组织欧洲地球观察组织自2022年以来已经种植了285个。他们的地块由600棵树组成。一个旨在恢复生物多样性和重新引入本地物种的植树项目SUGi，已经在全球52个城市创建了230个袖珍森林，从法国的图卢兹到西班牙的马德里，再到罗马尼亚的圣乔治。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了在城市中创建微型森林的实例。故选C。
D
Since the dawn of human history, innovation has been a balancing act of wonder and fear. From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes, each technological breakthrough has promised to enhance human abilities while simultaneously (同时) causing risks. Fire could warm us or destroy us; airplanes could connect us or be turned into tools of war. Yet through all these advancements, one constant has remained: human cognition (认知) , the unique spark of thought and creativity that has shaped our progress.
But today, something is different. For the first time in history, human cognition itself is at risk of being out-of-date. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), we are no longer just building tools to enhance our abilities; we are building systems that may be superior to our very capacity to think, create, and innovate. This shift doesn’t just completely change industries, but it also challenges the core of what makes us human.
In past innovations, technologies functioned as extensions of human abilities. The airplanes enlarged our physical reach, the Internet expanded our access to information, and computers increased our ability to compute. These tools were clearly under human control, operating within the boundaries we set.
However, AI is fundamentally different. It operates in the range of cognition, not merely conducting tasks, but also learning, reasoning, and even generating creative content. From writing news articles to diagnosing diseases, AI systems are performing tasks once thought to require uniquely human judgment. What happens when machines can think better than we can And, more importantly, what does it mean to be human in an age when our intellectual strength is no longer guaranteed
Historically, we’ve accepted obsolescence (过时) as part of the cycle of innovation and, in most situations, embraced it. Outdated tools should be abandoned, and new ones take their place. But when the “tool” at risk of obsolescence is human cognition itself, we enter unknown area. AI’s capacity to potentially outdo our intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak position, one where we must confront our own limitations.
12．What can we infer from the first paragraph
A．One good turn deserves another. B．Take things as they come.
C．Don’t put the cart before the horse. D．Every coin has two sides.
13．What does the author mean by saying “But today, something is different” in paragraph 2
A．Human cognition starts to be outdated. B．Wonder and fear have lost balance.
C．Human cognition has reached a ceiling. D．Creativity has shaped our progress.
14．How is the main idea presented in the text
A．By telling stories. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By giving examples. D．By applying inferences.
15．What is the author’s attitude towards the rise of artificial intelligence
A．Concerned. B．Skeptical. C．Positive. D．Unclear.
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出历史上技术突破利弊共存，如今 AI 使人类认知面临过时风险，引发对人类地位和未来的担忧。
12．D推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes, each technological breakthrough has promised to enhance human abilities while simultaneously causing risks. Fire could warm us or destroy us; airplanes could connect us or be turned into tools of war. (从火的发现到飞机的首次飞行，每一项技术突破都在承诺提升人类能力的同时带来了风险。火可以温暖我们，也可以毁灭我们；飞机可以让我们彼此相连，也可以变成战争工具。)”可知，技术突破既有积极的一面，也有消极的一面，这体现了事物都有两面性。故选D。
13．A推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“For the first time in history, human cognition itself is at risk of being out-of-date. (历史上第一次，人类认知本身面临过时的风险。)” 可知，作者说“But today, something is different”指的是人类认知开始面临过时的情况。故选A。
14．C推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章中通过列举“From the discovery of fire to the first flights of airplanes (从火的发现到飞机的首次飞行)”“The airplanes enlarged our physical reach, the Internet expanded our access to information, and computers increased our ability to compute. (飞机扩大了我们的活动范围，互联网增加了我们获取信息的途径，计算机提高了我们的计算能力。)”等例子，来阐述不同技术的特点以及人工智能与以往技术的不同，从而呈现文章的主旨。故选C。
15．A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“What happens when machines can think better than we can And, more importantly, what does it mean to be human in an age when our intellectual strength is no longer guaranteed (当机器比我们更会思考时会发生什么？更重要的是，在一个我们的智力优势不再有保障的时代，作为人类意味着什么？)”以及最后一段“AI’s capacity to potentially outdo our intellectual talents puts humanity in a weak position, one where we must confront our own limitations. (人工智能有可能超越我们的智力才能，这使人类处于劣势，在这种情况下我们必须正视自己的局限性。)”可知，作者对人工智能的崛起表示担忧。故选A。
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