2022-2023学年下学期湖南长沙市中考英语第一次模拟试题
笔试卷100分（有答案）
II．阅读（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
My Very First Christmas Book Lois Rock and Alec Ayliffe A big bright book, which tells the story simply and happily for every young children. Ages 0-3; 12 pages; Tel: 07459 40560 The Little White House Elizabeth Goudge A fairy tale and winner of the Carnegie Medal. Ages 8-12; 240 pages; Tel: 07459 45783
Star of Wonder Pat Alexander A wonderful collection of Christmas stories and poems filled with lively pages to read and enjoy. Ages 7-12; 224 pages; Tel: 07459 39323 First Festival: Christmas Lois Rock An all-in-one book to help grown-ups and children prepare their Christmas celebration together. Presents, activities and customs. Ages 5-8; 48 pages; Tel: 07459 39074
21．If you want to make a Christmas plan together with your children, which book will you choose A．Star of Wonder.
B．First Festival: Christmas.
C．My Very First Christmas Book.
22．Whom are all these four books for from the information above
A．Adults. B．Children. C．Teens.
B
Beijing holds the 2022 Winter Olympics in February. It makes Beijing the first city to hold both the summer and winter games. There will be seven winter sports and let’s learn some of them.
Figure skatingIt started in Britain in the 18th century. In a pair event, skaters show lots of amazing movements along with nice music. It looks as if they are dancing on ice. Its beauty makes lots of people fall in love with it and enjoy it most. SnowboardingUnder the sport of skiing, it started in America in the 1990s. The players have to show their skiing skills and race down the snow-covered hill as fast as possible.
Ice hockeyIt is a flexible(灵活的)and fast team sport. It draws big crowds at the Winter Olympics. The men’s ice hockey has been on the program since 1924 and the women’s started in 1998. Each match has three 20-minute parts with two 15-minute breaks. LugeIt is the fastest of the three sliding(滑行)sports (bobsleigh, luge and skeleton) in this event. Inside the stadium, the rider lies on the back on a tiny luge and races down at the speed of about 140 km/h.
23．This article probably comes from the ________ part of a newspaper.A．science B．health C．sports
24．From the article, we know ________ is the most enjoyable among the four winter sports.
A．figure skating B．snowboarding C．ice hockey
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article
A．The women’s ice hockey started in 1924.
B．A player shows skiing skills in snowboarding.
C．Luge is the most dangerous outdoor winter sport.
C
Climate change is a big problem humans are facing. How can we deal with it Reducing carbon emissions (碳排放) is important. But what if we could capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and use it to do other things
Recently, SpaceX founder Elon Musk said that his company is working on a new program. It’s going to take CO2 out of the air and turn it into rocket fuel.
It will not only be good for Earth, but “will also be important for Mars,” Musk tweeted. The air on Mars is made up of 95 percent CO2. If we could turn CO2 into fuel, we could travel the long journey from Mars back to Earth in the future.
The idea may sound strange but it’s not totally crazy. There are already some technologies that might help with this. According to Di-Jia Liu, a chemist at the Argonne National Laboratory in the US, the carbon atoms (原子) in CO2 and the hydrogen (氢) atoms in water can be combined to make methane (甲烷) or ethanol (乙醇). They could be used as fuel. If we do this on Mars, energy from the sun might be used as a catalyst (催化剂).
The idea will also make space travel more eco-friendly. “If the CO2-based fuel could be used in a rocket launch, we could prevent 715 tons of CO2 from being emitted into the air,” said Stafford Sheehan from Air Company, a US company that focuses on CO2 capture technologies.
26．What is SpaceX working on
A．Reducing CO2 emissions. B．Building a new rocket.
C．Turning CO2 into fuel. D．Traveling long distances on Mars.
27．What advantage will the program bring if it succeeds
A．It will take energy from the sun.
B．It will take 95 percent of CO2 out of the air.
C．It will make it easier to travel from Mars to Earth.
D．It will create free catalysts for chemical experiments.
28．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．How CO2 can be turned into fuel.
B．Where CO2 can be taken.
C．Why the program should be carried on Mars.
D．How the energy from the sun can be used.
29．What can we learn from what Stafford Sheehan said
A．Scientists use 715 tons of CO2 to launch a rocket.
B．Rocket launching is an environmentally-friendly activity.
C．There will be no CO2 emissions anymore.
D．SpaceX’s idea would be good for the environment.
30．What is the best title of the passage
A．Visit Space with CO2 B．Climate change we face
C．Space travel in the future D．A new program on Mars
D
Five thousand years ago, carrots only grew in Afghanistan (阿富汗) and most were purple. Only a few were orange as they are today! Farmers in the Netherlands (荷兰) were looking for a fruit or vegetable to symbolize their king, William of Orange, and orange carrots were just what they were looking for – they became the ancestors of all modern carrots.
Many plants only grow in certain places on the earth, often deep in the jungle (丛林). The home of potatoes is in the mountains of the Andes in South America. Bananas come from Papua New Guinea and lemons grow wild in China. But once people realized that many of these plants were good to eat, they took them far from the places where they grew. Fruit, especially, interested thirsty travellers. Arab businessman transported different fruits and vegetables around the world, such as oranges, which they took from Asia to remote countries such as Spain. The Spanish returned from South America with many new types of food, including chocolate, pepper and corn.
People often had problems deciding what to do with these new fruits and vegetables, or used them for different purposes from today. Carrots were used not as food but as medicine to protect people from poison (毒药) or even (it was believed) to make people fall in love. The first tomatoes and pineapples were grown not as food but to make the garden look pretty. And many people were worried about potatoes— although they are good for us, their leaves are poisonous. In Germany, people only began eating potatoes when the king ordered that people who did not eat them would have their ears and noses cut off!
Today, we are so used to our different types of food that we don’t think about where they came from. But for each pineapple, potato or carrot we eat, there is a long history!
31．Why did the farmers in the Netherlands prefer orange carrots than purple ones
A．To serve their king a healthier vegetable.
B．To remind people of their king, William of Orange.
C．To have a better harvest and live a better life.
32．________ played an important part in spreading fruits around the world.
A．Thirsty travelers B．Arab traders C．The Spanish traders
33．What does the underlined word “remote” mean in the passage
A．冷漠的
B．近距离的
C．偏远的
34．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 3
A．People today are used to eating carrots to protect themselves from poison.
B．People would rather use the first tomatoes to decorate their garden than eat them.
C．People in Germany didn’t begin eating potatoes until the king gave an order.
35．What may be the best title of the passage
A．The History of Different Types of Food
B．The Changes of People’s Eating Habits
C．Different Opinions about Food
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。每个选项仅使用一次。
___36___ Then some jobs could be for you.
For the first time since the start of COVID-19, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust (UKAHT) has looked for people to help run the world’s most remote post office. It’s on Goudier Island in Port Lockroy base, which is one of the most-visited places in Antarctica, ___37___.
Daily work includes looking after the Port Lockroy base and counting penguins. The work is part of a project by the UKAHT and the British Antarctic Survey to protect the local penguins. __38___.
Those who apply for the job should be healthy, and should have experience with the outdoors, remote locations and cold weather. ___39___, which is the summer season in Antarctica, and should expect temperatures of between -5°C and 10°C．
If you’re interested in the job, you also need to be able to live simply: the island has no running water, not much electricity, __40___. If it still sounds like the job for you, there are three positions available: base leader, shop manger and general assistant. Successful applicants will have a week of training in Cambridge in October, 2022, before leaving for Antarctica later in the year.
A．Of course, they’re responsible for about 7,000 or 8,000 cards sent to over 100 countries, too
B．and it will be difficult to communicate with people outside
C．receiving about 18,000 visitors every season
D．They also need to live and work in the post office from November 2022 to March 2023
E．Do you dream of waking up, looking out of the window and seeing white snow
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
In July, China introduced the “double reduction (双减)” policy. It hopes to reduce students’ learning burden (负担) by reducing homework and after-school classes. One month has passed since the new semester began. How do students feel about this new policy
“Our homework is clearly less than before,” said 13-year-old Shen Yuzhe from Beijing. “We are not encouraged to buy workbooks anymore. The exercises are mainly from the textbook.”
According to Shen, teachers now teach at a much slower pace (节奏). Students have enough time to process new knowledge. “Our teachers are also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from real life,” said Shen. For example, we went to research earthworms (蚯蚓) in a field during a biology class. This is a much better way to learn things than just hitting the books.”
For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about “double reduction” is the increased time in after-school activities. “We can now spend more time taking part in clubs and activities, such as dancing, volleyball and drama. I have joined a group called ‘leadership development (领导力发展)’ where I can learn all kinds of skills beyond academic (学业的) study,” said Zhang.
Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think it’s not necessarily a good thing. “Exams push me to study harder. Besides my progress, more importantly, each exam shows my weak points as well,” Zhang said.
Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline (自律) becomes the key. “Some students now spend more time having fun when homework is finished early. But if you use all the free time to relax, you might fall behind your peers (同龄人),” he said.
41．Why did Chinese government introduce the “double reduction (双减)” policy
_______________________________________________________________
42．According to Shen, which is a better way to learn things, doing experiments or hitting the books
_______________________________________________________________
43．Do they think having fewer exams is a good thing
_______________________________________________________________
44．What can Zhang learn about each exam
_______________________________________________________________
45．What seems to be more important when students have lighter burden
_______________________________________________________________
III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
An old man lived in a village. He was one of the ___26___ people in the world. He was always complaining (抱怨) about things in his daily life. When people tried to ___27___ the old man, he would rudely drive them away. People gradually stayed away from him ___28___ he made the rest of the village feel unhappy as well.
But one day — the day he turned 80 years old, a(n) ___29___ thing happened. The villagers said among ___30___: “The old man is different today. We haven’t heard any complaints. He is ___31___ and his face looks kind.”
One of the villagers asked the old man, “What happened to you ”
“Nothing special has happened, in fact,” the old man said. “For 80 years, I’ve been looking for happiness, but it was no ___32___. And then I decided to live ___33___ looking for happiness and just enjoy the life at the moment. That’s why I’m happy now.”
It is important to realize that your mood (心情) can have a great ___34___ on those people around you. Everyone has bad days sometimes. If someone tries to help you, don’t be impolite to them. Just try to accept their help. At the same time, ___35___ find happiness only from the outside, but look within — enjoy everything you have got.
46．A．rudest B．cleverest C．shyest
47．A．give up B．take up C．cheer up
48．A．but B．because C．if
49．A．unusual B．necessary C．important
50．A．himself B．themselves C．yourselves
51．A．shouting B．smiling C．sleeping
52．A．use B．choice C．idea
53．A．in B．without C．by
54．A．effort B．success C．influence
55．A．never B．often C．sometimes
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cooperation(合作)and competition are both important. They're necessary for a person to achieve success in life.
Learn to be cooperative with others. No one likes a selfish (自私的) or greedy (贪婪的) person. However, everyone likes a cooperative and _____56_____ (friend) person. Everything we do today, whether doing business ____57_____ making friends, depends on our ability to get along with one another. In our society, most ____58_____(task) need cooperation in order that they can be ____59_____ (finish) well. So we must try to be cooperative. Each person is like a small part of a machine. If one part is out of order, the machine can't be running well. Besides, transportation and communication systems are developing _____60_____(quick), and people all over the world can keep in _____61_____ with each other more easily. It's hard for a person _____62_____ is away from the society to have a deep understanding of the world he lives in. Cooperation is ____63_____ (become) more and more important for a person to lead a good life.
Being competitive also has a place in life. If we want to get more success and be better than others, we must work _____64_____ and study carefully. The desire (欲望) to succeed and do better than others encourages _____65______to work harder. If there was no competition, a sports meeting would never be exciting.
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
Recently, the new curricula (课程) standard for labor education came out.
The standard has made labor (劳动) education an independent course and 1. students will take classes on labor skills at least once a week starting from this September. The new standard requires primary students in fifth and sixth grades to master the skills of cooking two to three common dishes, such as scrambled eggs with tomato and fried eggs. Besides, they should do chores, including cleaning, folding clothes, and cooking. Every school should design the household labor lists 2. 以便学生将会有好的劳动习惯。Parents and schools will learn how to develop the labor spirits and craftsmanship (工匠精神) of the kids.
Sun Jiarui, a 10-year-old girl from Outang Central Primary School in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, recently became popular online for her cooking skills. 3. The girl has been learning to cook from her father since she was eight. She can cook more than 50 dishes now. Her father is an excellent cook in their own restaurant. She usually saw him cook food over a fire when she was young. 4. She hopes that her parents can have the most delicious food cooked by their sweet girl. It is not easy for the little girl to cook food. But she tried it again and again. Finally, she made it perfectly. “5. 我们总是以她为傲。” said her parents.
In the coming term in September, the Outang Central Primary School will also get Sun and her father to promote (促进) the cooking arts at its new Gourmet Studio. Students there can learn to cook simple dishes.
66．______________________
67．______________________
68．______________________
69．______________________
70．______________________
IV．写作（满分15分）
一月三十一日，农历除夕，神舟十三号的三名航天员在遥远的太空专门发来视频，向祖国和人民送上祝福。这是中国人首次在距离地球400公里的“中国宫”里过新年。虽然我国的航天事业在发展中经历了许多困难，但是我国航天人不断钻研，将我国航天事业发展到世界领先地位。
作为一名中学生，也应该为祖国的繁荣富强贡献我们的一份力量，那我们应该怎么做呢？请结合下面的要点提示简要谈谈你的看法，可适当发挥。
要点提示：1. 了解中国历史，学习中国文化；2. 学习不同国家的优秀文化和知识；3. 刻苦学习，掌握各种技能……
写作要求：
1. 词数不少于80词；
2. 文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
This Spring Festival, I was so excited when I received a blessing from the astronauts in Shenzhou 13. How amazing China is! _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
II．阅读（共三节，满分50分）
21．B 2 2．B
23．C 24．A 25．B
26．C 2 7．C 2 8．A 29．D 30．A
31．B 32．B 33．C 34．A 35．A
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
36．E 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
41．To reduce students’ learning burden. 42．Doing experiments.
43．No, they don’t. / No. 44．His progress and weak points. 45．Self-discipline.
III．语言运用（共三节，满分35分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
46．A 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．B 51．B 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．A
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
56．friendly 57．or 58．tasks 59．finished 60．quickly 61．touch 62．who/that
63．becoming 64．hard 65．us
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
66．从今年9月开始，学生将每周至少参加一次劳动技能课程。
67．so that students will have good working habits.
68．这个女孩从八岁起就一直在向父亲学习烹饪。
69．她希望她的父母能有他们可爱的女孩做的美味食物。
70．We are always proud of her.
IV．写作（满分15分）
This Spring Festival, I was so excited when I received a blessing from the astronauts in Shenzhou 13. How amazing China is! As middle school students, we should also contribute to the prosperity of our motherland. Then what should we do
First, we should understand Chinese history and learn about Chinese culture. In this way, we can better spread Chinese culture to the world. Second, we should learn about the excellent culture and knowledge of different countries. Understanding different cultures helps to broaden our horizons. Third, we should study hard and master all kinds of skills. When the young are strong, China is strong.
Let us work together to contribute to the prosperity of the country.
