首师附高2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考
英语学科试题
2023.12
第一部分：听力理解（共三节，20分）
第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共4分）
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. What will the speakers probably do
A. They will have breakfast soon.
B. They will have lunch without waiting for father.
C. They will have lunch when the father is back.
2. What can we know from the dialogue
A. The cake is so delicious that everybody will love it.
B. The woman will tell the man how to make the cake.
C. The man will cook a cake for his children.
3. What does the woman mean
A. Nobody obeys the traffic rules.
B. Some drivers don’t care much about the traffic.
C. Drivers like taking U-turns in the middle of the road.
4. Where are the speakers likely to be
A. At the movie. B. At the market. C. At the beach.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第5至6小题。
5. Why did the man decide to buy the sunglasses
A. Because he liked the color and the style very much.
B. Because the sunglasses were on sale.
C. Because the sunglasses suit him well and there was a discount.
6. What was the original price for the sunglasses
A. 180 yuan. B. 270 yuan. C. 360 yuan.
听下面一段对话，回答第7至8题。
7. What do we know about the woman
A. She will probably be busy in a few days.
B. She’s the man’s secretary.
C. She’s a workaholic.
8. How does the woman feel when she has nothing to do
A. Stressed. B. Lazy. C. Uncomfortable.
听下面一段对话，回答第9至10题。
9. How did the woman learn Chinese
A. She once went to Japan.
B. She learned it in school.
C. She learned it from her father.
10. How long has the woman been in China
A. For 30 years. B. For 20 years. C. For 25 years.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至12题。
11. What might be the relationship between the two speakers
A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
12. Why did the man put his feet on the woman’s table
A. Because he wanted to make the table dirty.
B. Because he felt good with his feet on the table.
C. Because he wanted to buy the table with a low price.
听下面一段独白，回答第13至14题。
13. Why have the fires spread so fast
A. Because of the drought conditions.
B. Because there are too many plants.
C. Because few people are fighting the fire.
14. What is the driver’s attitude toward putting out the fire quickly
A. Optimistic. B. Uninterested. C. Doubtful.
第三节（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）
听下面一段独白，完成第15至18四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。将答案填写在答题纸相应的位置。
Techniques to improve memory
Techniques Examples
Use your memory as much as possible Try to learn something new, because the 15 activities can stimulate the brain.
16 focusing Take any object and think about its various characteristics.
Relax Try holding your 17 for ten seconds, and then release it slowly.
Associate Think about a special feature of a person’s face and then 18 with his name.
第二部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Online gamers constantly make life and death decisions at their keyboards—but it’s just a game. A Texas gamer was faced with a real-life situation and helped 19 the life of a fellow player—5,000 miles away.
Aidan, in England, was playing an online game in his bedroom when he had a seizure. His playing partner, Dia, in Texas. just put her headset on and heard what she could only describe as a seizure, so she started to get 20 and asked what was going on and if he was OK. When he didn’t respond, she 21 started to look up the emergency number in the UK. When that didn’t work, she just had to hope the non-emergency number would work. It had an 22 for talking to a real person.
Someone answered the call and she had to force herself not to 23 and to stay calm. “Hi, I’m 24 in the US and in a call with my friend,” Dia told the operator. “He had a seizure and he’s not responding anymore. I do have his 25 No one’s home with him right now, so I’m just trying to get him some help.”
Actually, Aidan’s parents were watching television downstairs and did not 26 their son was in danger until three police officers knocked at their door.
“We are extremely thankful for what Dia did and 27 that we could be downstairs and not know anything was happening,” Aidan’s mother said. “Dia had our address but didn’t have any contact numbers, so it was amazing that she 28 to get help from so far away. I’ve spoken to her and expressed our thanks—she’s glad she could help.”
19. A. spare B. enrich C. devote D. save
20. A. threatened B. trapped C. concerned D. annoyed
21. A. eventually B. instantly C. suddenly D. especially
22. A. option B. order C. arrangement D. action
23. A. explode B. complain C. panic D. quit
24. A. accidentally B. currently C. obviously D. frequently
25. A. age B. name C. number D. address
26. A. decide B. explain C. realize D. judge
27. A. relieved B. shocked C. puzzled D. bored
28. A. managed B. learned C. hoped D. promised
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
There is one road that spans thousands of years. Along it are the echoes of camel belts, 29 (connect) past with present. Crossing mountains and seas, the road unveils a promising trade route between the East and West. The road fully embraces the diversity of civilizations. 30 (propose) by China in 2013, the road belongs to the whole world with peace and development as its beacon. It 31 (embody) principles of extensive consultation and joint contribution for shared benefits. Eventually it leads to a vision of happiness and well-being for people of all countries. It is a bond of cooperation as well as friendship. It is not only a road of trade, but also a road of happiness.
B
Researchers are studying the unconscious reactions that happen when we make eye contact. They have found that making eye contact makes us less aware of 32 is happening around us. We become more focused on the person looking at us. Eye contact also increases brain activity and makes us more self-conscious. Even looking at a painting 33 appears to be making eye contact can also affect areas of the brain related to thinking about ourselves and other people. Studies have also shown that it is 34 (hard) for people to concentrate when someone is looking at them. This form of eye contact interferes with our 35 (imagine) and even our working memory.
C
36 (celebrate) Dragon Boat Festival, an underwater dance performance titled Pray was aired on Henan TV last Saturday night, the first day of the holiday. Featuring the goddess of Luo River — a mysterious beauty best known in the poetry of Cao Zhi during the Three Kingdoms period, , the dancer Haohao He, 37 former synchronized swimmer (花样游泳), recreated the elegance of this ancient Chinese goddess. The entire dance 38 (film) in 26 hours, according to the show’s director Jiyong izens, amazed by the performance, commented every frame of it looks like a mural (壁画). Some said it speaks to real cultural confidence.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard
What is a Hoverboard
A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015 in reference to a popular 1980’s movie. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard.
How Does a Hoverboard Work
The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains:
Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.
● Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction.
● Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.
Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.
All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.
Why Buy a Hoverboard
Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend
Where is a hoverboard legal
Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings. parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speedlimits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these restrictions.
39. The logic board of a hoverboard can ________.
A. store electricity B. power the wheels
C send information to the riders D. receive data and give command
40. According to the passage, a hoverboard can be used ________.
A. on campus B. in parks C. on bike paths D in shopping malls
41. What is the main purpose of this passage
A. To evaluate a gift’s quality.
B. To recommend a gif choice.
C. To compare new hoverboard models.
D. To clarify functions of the latest hoverboards.
B
Objects
When my father died, one of the tasks that fell to me was to sort through and decide which objects to save and which to throw away. Now I look at the objects of my life as if I were dead, wondering, what will my children do with the human skull (头骨) that sits on the bookcase They’ve been wanting to throw it out for some years, but will they know how much can be learned from living with a skull And I know they will throw the white plastic head of a horse on my desk into a rubbish bag without a thought, never knowing that it is the only piece remaining from the first chess set I owned. It is me at age twelve.
But the final decisions are left to those who know us least — our children. I was the closest to my father and knew him well; however, only when I was going through his study did I learn he had collected picture postcards of hotels. What was I to do with all the objects that had been him The sad part of me wanted to put everything in my car and take it home. The rational (理性的) won, however, and I filled rubbish bags with old newspapers, magazines, apologizing to his spirit as I did. I could not throw out the thousands of pictures he had taken on his travels. I brought the pictures home, though I will never look at them. I brought twelve boxes of my father home.
I look at the objects that are my life and the only way my children can satisfy me is by not touching a thing. But they must if I am to go on with my death. And I wonder how many boxes of me will my children keep I look at these objects that are me and know, too, that they are symbols of how alone I and each of us is, for no one knows what any object means except he or she who owns it. Every object of our lives is a memory, and emotion surrounds around it, hiding and protecting a tiny truth of the heart. Only I nave the memories of when and how each one was obtained; I look at the objects that are me. and the memories are warm and permeated with love.
42. Why does the writer keep the plastic head of a horse
A. Because it brings back memories of his childhood.
B. Because he accepted it as a prize for a competition
C. Because it makes him a very good chess player.
D. Because his father gave it to him as a gift.
43. How did the writer deal with the remaining objects of his father after he died
A. He threw everything away.
B. He saved some of the worthless objects.
C. He took some of them to his own house.
D. He sorted them and put them into good order.
44. What do we know about the writer
A. He knows more about his father after his father died.
B. He relies on his children to deal with his possessions.
C. He prefers to collect different skulls
D. He is very strict with his children.
45. According to the last paragraph, the objects we save ________.
A. serve as the symbols of our social class
B. are reminders of past experiences
C. are quite expensive and valuable
D. make us proud of ourselves
C
A butterfly’s wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used to attract mates, or to warm potential attackers to stay away. All of these roles, though, depend on their unchanging colouration. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a bird’s feathers. In fact, that’s not true. For example, in some species males’ wings have special cells releasing some chemicals which attract females.
Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking into the matter. Together with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has now shown, in a paper published in Nature Communications in February, 2020, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.
In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser to heat up spots on the wings of dozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40℃ or so, the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further. These actions included a butterfly turning around to minimize its profile to the laser, moving its wings up and down or simply walking away.
Butterflies engaged in all of these heat-minimizing activities even when the researchers blindfolded them. That suggested the relevant sensors were on the wings themselves. Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce therefore searched those wings for likely looking sensory cells. They found some, in the form of neurons (神经元) that were similar to heat detectors known from other insects. They also uncovered disc-shaped cells that appeared to be similar to pressure-sensitive neurons. They guess that these are there to detect deformation of the wing—information an insect could use to control its flight pattern.
The third discovery they made to contradict the “dead wing” idea was that some butterfly wings have a heartbeat. A butterfly’s wings have veins (静脉). These carry a bloodlike liquid which, researchers have now found in males, shows a pulse of several dozen beats per minute. The source of this pulse appears to be the scent pad, a dark spot on the wings that produces the female-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this “wing heart” acts as a pump that helps bloodlike liquid through the scent pad.
In all their experiments simulating different environmental conditions, Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce consistently found that, different parts of the wing are covered by different sorts of scales (鳞屑). In particular, tubes pass through scales over the scent pads. This improves their ability to spread heat away and helps keep the living parts of a butterfly’s wing alive.
46. A bird’s feathers are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to ________.
A. introduce the latest research findings on a bird
B. highlight the special feature of a bird’s feathers
C. show common knowledge about butterfly wings
D. stress the difference between a butterfly and a bird
47. What can we learn from Dr. Yu and Dr. Pierce’s experiments
A. Butterfly wings are complicated living organs.
B. Butterfly wings have little reaction to external heat.
C The scent pads on some male butterfly wings are their hearts.
D. Heat-minimizing activities help detect deformation of the wings.
48. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A Seeing Is Believing B. More Than Meets The Eye
C. Nothing Seek, Nothing Find D Fine Feathers Make Fine Birds
D
We talk continuously about how to make children more “resilient”, but whatever we’re doing, it’s not working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong
Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.
Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow, strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.
It’s not the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play.”
They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves.
What can we do to change these trends How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them grow.
49. Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2
A. To stress its importance. B. To analyze the cause of anxiety.
C. To question the latest discovery. D. To help understand a new word.
50. Parents overprotect children because ________.
A. they are concerned about their children’s safety
B. they want to keep children from being teased
C. parent-monitored activities are a must
D. children are not independent enough
51. According to the author, free play can ________.
A. promote children’s resilience B. strengthen children’s friendship
C. reduce children’s risky behavior D. develop children’s leadership skills
52. Which of the following does the author probably agree with
A. Stop trying to perfect your child.
B. It takes great courage to raise children.
C. Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.
D. While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Public Speaking and Critical Thinking
What is critical thinking To a certain degree, it’s a matter of logic—of being able to spot weaknesses in other people’s arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.
In the broad sense, critical thinking is focused, organized thinking—the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 53 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical thinking.
54 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 55
What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 56 As you work on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 57 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.
If you take full advantage of your speech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.
A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves.
B. This may seem like a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it.
C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.
D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.
E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class, the answer is quite a lot.
F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways.
G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speech making, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.
第四部分：书面表达（共一节，12分）
阅读表达（共4小题；第58、59小题各2分，第60小题3分；第61小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Collecting As a Hobby
Collecting must be one of the most varied of human activities, and it’s one that many psychologists find fascinating.
Some people collect because they want to make money. This could be called an instrumental reason for collecting. They’ll look for, say, antiques that they can buy cheaply and expect to sell at a profit. But there may well be a psychological element, too—buying cheap and selling dear can give the collector a sense of achievement.
Another motive for collecting is the desire to find something special. Some may spend their whole lives in a hunt for this. Psychologically, this can give a purpose to a life that otherwise feels aimless. There is a danger, though, that if the individual is ever lucky enough to find what they’re looking for, rather than celebrating their success, they may feel empty, now that the goal that drove them on has gone.
If you think about collecting postage stamps, another potential reason is its educational value. Stamp collecting opens a window to other countries, and to the plants, animals, or famous people shown on their stamps. In the past, and nowadays, too, a popular form of collecting, was trainspotting. This might involve trying to see every locomotive (火车头) of a particular type, using published data that identify each one, and ticking off each engine as it is seen. As a by-product, many train spotters become very knowledgeable about railway operations, or the technical specifications of different engine types.
Not all collectors are interested in learning from their hobbies. Some people collect because of the need for a sense of control. Stamp collectors, for instance, arrange their stamps in albums very neatly according to their preferred principles.
All hobbies give pleasure, but the common factor in collecting is usually passion. Collecting can be totally appealing, and can give a strong sense of personal achievement. To non-collectors it may appear a strange way of spending time, but potentially, collecting has a lot going for it.
58. What is the instrumental reason for collecting
59. What is the danger of hunting for something special as a life purpose
60. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Collectors gain material and psychological benefits from collecting, but non-collectors may not see its value, so they are not advised to have a try.
61. If you are a collector, what will you collect And why (In about 40 words)
