江西省广信中学2023-2024学年高二上学期11月月考
英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟
考试范围：人教版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 1至Unit 3
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How many people are eating with the man
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Sir, would you like another drink Your coffee will be running out.
M: Yes, and my wife would like a glass of orange juice, please. And my daughter will have lemonade.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is probably the man
A. A journalist. B. A student. C. A teacher.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Anita. I haven’t seen you for ages.
W: Yeah. Have you graduated from Georgetown University
M: Yes. I graduated last month and got a job in the local press. You know, I really like writing stories.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the dialogue take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a shop. C. At home.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Open wide. Let me see. Show me where it hurts.
W: Here on the bottom. Especially when I bite into something hot or cold.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about
A. How to deal with stress. B. How to read books. C. How to enjoy a job.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: How do you cope with stress
M: According to the book I’ve read, we should try to enjoy our job, set time to relax every weekend, and forget our job for a moment to refresh our mind.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman think the man is lying
A. He is a dishonest person.
B. His body language tells it.
C. She has already known the truth.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I don’t believe a word you are saying. Stop trying to be nice, and just tell me the truth.
M: I’m being honest with you! Why do you always think I’m lying
W: Because you always touch your nose when you lie!
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does Lily suggest Mr. Stenson doing
A. Using the pesticide. B. Changing the crop. C. Watering the fields.
7. What do we know about Lily’s uncle
A. He often shares his products.
B. He lives far from Lily.
C. He is good at farming.
【答案】6. B 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Mr. Stenson, I think you need to replace corn with another plant in your fields.
M: Yes, Lily. But I’m not sure what plant is better. Some people say I should go for beans, while some say wheat is a good choice.
W: I personally can’t help you with this, but I can ask my uncle. He works on a farm and has helped a lot of farmers.
M: That’d be great. Hmm … What do you think if I invite him to visit my farm
W: Good idea! He lives not far from here. And he’ll be able to spare you a few hours next Saturday.
M: Thank you very much. I promise to give you the first new products from my fields!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When does the man need to turn in his application
A By January 2nd. B. By May 1st. C. By September 3rd.
9. How many people applied for the program last year
A. Seventeen. B. Twenty. C. Fifty.
10. Who might the woman be
A. A professor. B. A current student. C. An admissions officer.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: This is the admissions office. How can I help you
M: I’m looking for information about applying to your school for the fall semester. When is the application deadline
W: Your application should be in no later than May 1st. We review applications in the month of May, and then invite people to have interviews in June. After the interview, you should know within two weeks if you have been accepted. The start date of the program is September 3rd.
M: Okay. How many people usually apply for the program, and how many are accepted each year
W: It really depends. In some years, we have a large number of applicants, and in some years, we have few applicants. Last year, we had fifty applicants, and we accepted twenty. Of those twenty, seventeen decided to come to our school.
M: And do you offer financial aid
W: We do. We have a scholarship program, which you can find out about on our website. You can also apply for student loans. We will have an open house at the beginning of the month, if you’d like to join us. It’s on January 2nd at 7:30 p.m.
M: I will definitely be there.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. When did the man build the first computer
A. In junior high school. B. In senior high school. C. At the university.
12. Where does the man work
A. In a school. B. In a company. C. In a store.
13. How do some people find technology
A. Interesting. B. Dangerous. C. Wonderful.
14. What are the speakers talking about
A. The making of computers.
B. The past of computers.
C. The future of computers.
【答案】11. A 12. B 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Tom. I know you like computers. What started you in them
M: I built my first computer when I was in junior high school. I was crazy about reading; I studied everything I could get my hands on. Then I turned to building my own machine.
W: Where do you see computers going in the future
M: You’ll have computers on the walls, in your hands, in your cars, throughout your house...They will all be connected and look less like traditional computers today.
W: What kind of computer do you have
M: A Toshiba notebook, which I use for all my work at the company and for e-mail.
W: There are some people who say that technology is dangerous and is moving too fast. What’s your opinion
M: Well, this kind of progress can’t be stopped.Criticism is always voiced in every generation, and of course, every coin has two sides, but it’s important to always consider the good side of the technology we create, for it has improved our society.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a gym. C. In a park.
16. What happened to Molly yesterday
A. She fell off the bed.
B. She had trouble breathing.
C. She almost died of heart disease.
17. What annoys Molly most
A. Stopping drinking Coke. B. Giving up fried chips. C. Getting up early.
【答案】15. C 16. B 17. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Molly. What are you doing here
W: Can’t you see that I’m running
M: Of course. But I never saw you in the park at 6 o’clock in the morning. You never exercised, did you
W: Well, I’ve decided to make a change.
M: Why
W: I was reading books at home yesterday. When I got up to get something to drink, I had trouble breathing. Although the discomfort went away soon, I was scared, so I went to the doctor immediately.
M: Was there anything wrong
W: He said I would die of heart disease if I kept the former lifestyle.
M: So what was the doctor’s advice
W: Have a balanced diet and take more exercise. Thus, I have to say goodbye to my favorite fried chips and Coke, but what annoys me most is that I have to leave my warm bed at such an early time while others are still having dreams.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Where are the robot competitions organized
A. In over 170 countries. B. In over 150 countries. C. In over 75 countries.
19. What should the teams do within the 150 minutes
A. Finish a set of problems. B. Put together their robots. C. Solve real-life problems.
20. How can you manage to be a part of the fun
A. By joining the Robot Olympiad.
B. By joining the Olympic Committee.
C. By joining the Robot show group.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Are you into robots If you are, then the World Robot Olympiad is perfect for you. The competitions are organized in over 75 countries worldwide. At this big event, teams of students compete with others in their age group. The main groups are elementary, junior high, and senior high school. Each team’s goal is to design, build, and program a robot with Lego Mindstorms bricks. The robots aren’t just for show, though. They have to be able to perform certain tasks in a certain amount of time. The Olympiad’s tasks can be difficult. In one section, teams must put together their robots in under 150 minutes. Then, their machines must finish a set of problems in two minutes. In another section, teams get to present their own designs. They try to solve real-life problems with their robots. The focus of the problems changes each year. The last section is the one everybody loves. Robot teams play soccer against each other. If you want to be a part of the fun, join the World Robot Olympiad.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Broadcom MASTERS awards $100, 000 in prizes, inspiring and rewarding the Nation’s next generation of scientists, engineers, and innovators. The competition took place in Washington, D. C.. It’s aimed to test participants’ 21st Century skills of critical thinking, communication, creativity and cooperation in each of the STEM areas.
Elizabeth Shen, 14, Cary, N. C., demonstrated both vision and promise as an innovator, in the spirit of radio inventor Guglielmo Marconi. Elizabeth drew inspiration from the way many flowers grow to design a system for better managing the wear on a computer’s memory. Over time, many heavily used cells within computers become damaged, and the memory must be replaced. Elizabeth’s system reduces the average number of times cells were accessed, compared to other options.
Rory Hu, 12, San Jose, Calif., demonstrated excellence in science, technology, engineering or math, along with the leadership and technical skills necessary in the 21st Century STEM workforce and built a better community for tomorrow. Rory’s research on honeybees suggests that feeding bees tea polyphenols (茶多酚) and caffeine could boost their ability to learn and remember.
Mina Fedor, 14, Berkeley, Calif., used electroencephalography (脑电图学), or EEG, to measure a certain type of brain activity as people did active and passive learning tasks. Mina’s research, which found that the brain doesn’t substantially differentiate between the two different kinds of learning, could impact the way educators teach.
Jeanelle Dao, 13, San Jose, Calif., created a promising solution to a real-world problem. She invented a foot-controlled welcome mat that wirelessly automatically unlocks a door when the user puts his/her feet on the correct code. The device could help people with arthritis (关节炎) and other hand problems become more self-sufficient.
21. What advantage does Elizabeth Shen’s system have
A. Updating computers’ memory in time. B. Changing the way many flowers grow.
C. Passing on Guglielmo Marconi’s spirit. D. Extending the using life of the computer.
22. Whose research is probably related to education
A. Elizabeth Shen. B. Rory Hu. C. Mina Fedor. D. Elizabeth Shen.
23. What do we know about Jeanelle Dao’s foot-controlled welcome mat
A. It helps treat people with arthritis. B. It requires users to press codes by hand.
C. It makes it convenient to open the door. D. It was intended for ones with hand problems.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Broadcom MASTERS提供奖金激励国家的下一代科学家、工程师和创新者，并介绍了几位做出了优秀成绩的青少年。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Elizabeth drew inspiration from the way many flowers grow to design a system for better managing the wear on a computer’s memory. Over time, many heavily used cells within computers become damaged, and the memory must be replaced. Elizabeth’s system reduces the average number of times cells were accessed, compared to other options.(Elizabeth从许多花的生长方式中获得灵感，设计了一个更好地管理计算机内存损耗的系统。随着时间的推移，计算机中许多大量使用的单元被损坏，内存必须更换。与其他选择相比，伊丽莎白的系统减少了访问单元格的平均次数)”可知，Elizabeth设计的系统更好地处理了计算机内存的磨损，降低了更换内存的几率，从而延长了电脑使用寿命。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Mina’s research, which found that the brain doesn’t substantially differentiate between the two different kinds of learning, could impact the way educators teach.(Mina的研究发现，大脑并没有实质上区分这两种不同的学习方式，这可能会影响教育者的教学方式)”可知，Mina Fedor的研究可能与教育相关。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“She invented a foot-controlled welcome mat that wirelessly automatically unlocks a door when the user puts his/her feet on the correct code. The device could help people with arthritis (关节炎) and other hand problems become more self-sufficient.(她发明了一种脚控欢迎垫，当用户把脚放在正确的密码上时，它就会自动无线打开门，该设备可以帮助患有关节炎和其他手部问题的人变得更加自力更生)”可知，Jeanelle Dao的脚控欢迎垫是为那些有关节炎和手部问题的人设计的。故选D。
B
U. S. government officials have approved meat that is grown from cells in a laboratory to be sold in restaurants and food stores.
Companies have been developing “lab-grown” meat for years. But the California-based companies Upside Foods and Good Meat are the first to have their products approved by the Department of Agriculture. Chicken is the only “lab-grown” meat permitted in the United States. However, lab-grown meat from cattle, pigs and sheep might be available soon.
Production of meat grown in a laboratory begins by taking cells from fertilized eggs. The cells are combined with nutrients that support their growth in steel tanks. Upside Foods’s lab-grown meat is created in large sheets, which are then formed into final products. Good Meat transforms cells into several chicken products.
Lab-grown meat is different from plant-based meat such as Impossible Burgers. Those products are made from plant materials. Researchers consider lab-grown meat to be “real” pany representatives say the lab-grown chicken seems like real meat. Amy Chen is Upside Foods’ chief operating officer. She told the Associated Press, “The most common response we get is, ‘Oh, it tastes like chicken.’”
Upside Foods has stated that they only can produce 22, 680 kilograms of lab-grown meat a year. Officials expect the price of lab-grown meat to be about $44 per kilogram. At such a price, only rich people will be able to purchase lab-grown meat. Therefore, it will not be available in grocery stores any time soon. Restaurants are expected to begin serving “lab-grown” meat within two to five years. Experts say it might be available in supermarkets in 7 to 10 years.
Ricardo San Martin, director of the Alt: Meat Lab told the Associated Press, “If some high-end or wealthy people want to eat this instead of a chicken, it’s good.” Then he added, “Will that mean you will feed chicken to poor people I honestly don’t see it.”
Supporters of lab-grown meat say it does not require killing or hurting animals. They also say it helps diminish and ease the effects that feeding animals and animal waste have on the environment. But Martin said that if too little is produced, and only a small number of people eat it, it will have little effect on the environment.
24. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about on lab-grown meat
A. Its growing process. B. Its main component.
C. Its drawback. D. Its characteristics.
25. Why is lab-grown meat unpopular in grocery stores soon
A. Because it’s tasteless. B. Because it’s costly.
C. Because it’s harmful. D. Because it’s unprofitable.
26. What does the underlined word “diminish” in the last paragraph mean
A. Conserve. B. Anticipate. C. Tackle. D. Decrease.
27. What worries Ricardo San Martin on lab-grown meat
A. Its safety. B. Its popularity. C. Its output. D. Its potential.
【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国政府同意实验室人造肉的运营及其当前存在的问题。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“Production of meat grown in a laboratory begins by taking cells from fertilized eggs. The cells are combined with nutrients that support their growth in steel tanks. Upside Foods’s lab-grown meat is created in large sheets, which are then formed into final products. Good Meat transforms cells into several chicken products.(在实验室里培育肉类的第一步是从受精卵中提取细胞。这些细胞与支持它们在钢罐中生长的营养物质结合在一起。Upside Foods的实验室培育肉是大块的，然后制成最终产品。Good Meat将细胞转化为几种鸡肉产品)”可知，本段主要讲述了实验室人造肉的制作程序。故选A项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“Officials expect the price of lab-grown meat to be about $44 per kilogram. At such a price, only rich people will be able to purchase lab-grown meat. Therefore, it will not be available in grocery stores any time soon.(官员们预计，实验室培育肉的价格约为每公斤44美元。在这样的价格下，只有富人才能购买实验室培育的肉。因此，它不会很快在杂货店里买到)”可知，实验室人造肉太贵是其在许多超市不受欢迎的原因。故选B项。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“and ease the effects that feeding animals and animal waste have on the environment. (并减轻饲养动物和动物粪便对环境的影响)”中的and ease可知，划线单词和ease并列，意思相近，应是“减少”之意。故选D项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But Martin said that if too little is produced, and only a small number of people eat it, it will have little effect on the environment.(但Martin说，如果产量太少，只有少数人食用，对环境的影响就很小)”可知，Ricardo San Martin认为实验室人造肉产量太低对于消费和环境都没有实质性的好处，所以担心它的产出。故选C项。
C
Keeping indoor spaces comfortable takes a lot of power. About half of the energy Americans use in their homes goes toward heating and cooling, accounting for a sizable number of both public expenditure and greenhouse gas release. Although many buildings have walls packed with heat barrier material to maintain an ideal temperature, others, especially old buildings, are shockingly energy inefficient.
Scientists have been working on higher-tech solutions to this problem for decades. Now materials scientists have developed a new material, a color-changing film, which can switch between heating and cooling modes. The film, which is thinner than a credit card, operates on very little energy and can one day wrap even the most wasteful of buildings to help radiate unwanted heat during the summer and trap it in during the winter. The researchers estimate that if this technology is applied to the outside of a building, it can save 8. 4 percent of the energy used for heating and cooling in climates that experience a violent swing in temperatures throughout the year.
The new device takes advantage of a natural phenomenon called radiative cooling, which makes outdoor temperatures drop at night and helps cool the Earth as a whole. Everything around us, including our bodies and buildings, is constantly giving off heat in the form of mid-infrared (中红外的) radiation: electromagnetic waves that are among those at a lower frequency than the light you can see with your eyes.
The film starts in the cooling mode. Beneath an incredibly thin electrical conductor lies a small reservoir (储液器) of water with copper ions dissolved inside. In this state, the device naturally radiates heat, cooling the inside of the building. Then, when the conductor layer applies a small electric charge, the dissolved copper deposits on its surface, forming a thin layer over the reservoir. Because copper gives out very little of the mid-infrared heat it absorbs, the device now traps heat. This change can be done again and again though repeated uses have decreasing returns: After 1,000 cycles, both cooling and heating modes are less efficient. Thus it can be seen that the new material has flaws, waiting for scientists to resolve.
28. What does paragraph 1 mainly show about American indoor spaces
A. Their gas release. B. Their power source.
C. Their building material. D. Their energy consumption.
29. What do the researchers think of the film
A. It’s large and costly. B. It’s thick and heavy.
C. It’s practical and green. D. It’s color-changing and time-saving.
30. Where does the inspiration of the new device in paragraph 3 come from
A. Human body structure. B. Buildings.
C. Artificial lights. D. Nature.
31. What does the underlined word “flaws” in the last paragraph mean
A. Weaknesses. B. Functions.
C. Prospects. D. Forms.
【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种可以给建筑物供暖和降温的新材料。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“About half of the energy Americans use in their homes goes toward heating and cooling, accounting for a sizable number of both public expenditure and greenhouse gas release. Although many buildings have walls packed with heat barrier material to maintain an ideal temperature, others, especially old buildings, are shockingly energy inefficient. (美国人在家中使用的能源中，约有一半用于供暖和制冷，这在公共支出和温室气体排放方面都占了相当大的比例。虽然许多建筑物的墙壁都装有隔热材料，以保持理想的温度，但其他建筑物，特别是老建筑，能源效率低得惊人。)”可知，该段主要介绍了美国室内空间能源消耗的相关情况。故选D。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“The researchers estimate that if this technology is applied to the outside of a building, it can save 8. 4 percent of the energy used for heating and cooling in climates that experience a violent swing in temperatures throughout the year. (研究人员估计，如果将这项技术应用于建筑物的外部，在全年气温剧烈波动的气候条件下，它可以节省8.4%的供暖和制冷能源。)”可知，研究人员估计，如果将这项技术应用于建筑外部，它可以节省8.4%的供暖和制冷消耗的能源。因此，该薄膜既实用又环保。故选C。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The new device takes advantage of a natural phenomenon called radiative cooling, which makes outdoor temperatures drop at night and helps cool the Earth as a whole. (这种新设备利用了一种被称为辐射冷却的自然现象，这种现象会使室外温度在夜间下降，从而帮助整个地球降温。)”可知，这种新设备的灵感来自一种被称为辐射冷却的自然现象。故选D。
【31题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前句“Because copper gives out very little of the mid-infrared heat it absorbs, the device now traps heat. This change can be done again and again though repeated uses have decreasing returns: After 1,000 cycles, both cooling and heating modes are less efficient. (由于铜所吸收的中红外热量很少释放出来，因此该装置现在可以捕获热量。这种改变可以一次又一次地进行，尽管重复使用的回报会减少：在1000次循环之后，冷却和加热模式的效率都降低了。)”和划线词后半句“waiting for scientists to resolve. (有待科学家解决。)”可知，这种新材料（薄膜）有缺陷，有待科学家去解决，所以flaw意为“缺陷”。故选A。
D
A solar cell works based on the photoelectric effect (光电效应), which happens when light interacts with a special light-absorbing material, known as a semiconductor (半导体). As the semiconductor absorbs light, it produces negative charges (electrons) and positive charges (holes). The electrons and holes are attracted to each other, and when they join together, they release energy in the form of light. If we can separate the electrons and holes and keep them from recombining, we can then use them to produce electricity.
Recently, a semiconducting material called perovskite was discovered. This material works superbly in the solar cell. One of its main advantages is that it is very simple to prepare, which means that solar cells can be made at a relatively low cost compared to the existing solar cells technology.
Initially, perovskite contains oxygen, which makes it suitable for use in solar cells. A few years ago, however, researchers made a breakthrough discovery by developing non-oxygen-based perovskite in the laboratory. This new perovskite could both carry electrical charges in the light and be non-conductive in the dark. The new material could also absorb a wide range of wavelengths. These features are very well-suited for solar cells.
An important factor for solar cells is stability, or the time the solar cell can work without decreasing in its performance. Therefore, we conducted various tests in which the solar cells remained stable for over 40 days. This gives us a good indication that these cells will operate for about 20 years without significant degradation (衰退).
Perovskite-based solar cell technology has advanced rapidly in just a few years. Researchers are convinced that this technology holds great potential for widespread use due to its simple production techniques and low cost of the perovskite materials.
32. What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The electricity made by light.
B. The ways of producing semiconductor.
C. The principle on which the solar cell is based.
D. The creation of negative and positive charges.
33. What is the main advantage of perovskite
A. Being easy to prepare. B. Containing oxygen.
C. Being non-conductive. D. Absorbing fewer wavelengths.
34. Why did researchers do so many experiments on perovskite-based solar cell
A. To make less mistakes. B. To reduce the failures.
C. To increase the performance. D. To learn more about the stability.
35. Which word can be used to describe the new solar cell technology
A. Simple. B. Advanced. C. Promising. D. Limited.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是钙钛矿太阳能电池技术，由于其简单的生产技术和低成本的钙钛矿材料，该技术具有广泛应用的巨大潜力。
【32题详解】
主旨大意题。根据首段中的“A solar cell works based on the photoelectric effect (光电效应), which happens when light interacts with a special light-absorbing material, known as a semiconductor (半导体).(太阳能电池的工作原理是光电效应，当光与一种特殊的光吸收材料(称为半导体)相互作用时，就会发生光电效应。)”可知，太阳能电池工作的原理是光电效应，结合下文中的对太阳能电池发电的原理介绍可知，本段主要讲述的是太阳能电池发电的原理。故选C 项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“One of its main advantages is that it is very simple to prepare, which means that solar cells can be made at a relatively low cost compared to the existing solar cells technology.(它的主要优点之一是制备非常简单，这意味着与现有的太阳能电池技术相比，这种太阳能电池的制造成本相对较低。)”可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池的优点之一就是制备简单，且与现在的太阳能电池技术相比，制造成本较低，由此可知，钙钛矿太阳能电池的优点是准备简单。故选A项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“An important factor for solar cells is stability, or the time the solar cell can work without decreasing in its performance. Therefore, we conducted various tests in which the solar cells remained stable for over 40 days.(太阳能电池的一个重要因素是稳定性，即太阳能电池在不降低其性能的情况下工作的时间。因此，我们进行了各种测试，太阳能电池在40多天内保持稳定。)”可知，太阳能电池的一种重要因素是稳定性，因此研究者做大量的时间进行各种测试，由此可知，之所以进行大量测试的原因是为了了解太阳能电池的稳定性。故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Researchers are convinced that this technology holds great potential for widespread use due to its simple production techniques and low cost of the perovskite materials.(研究人员相信，由于其简单的生产技术和低成本的钙钛矿材料，该技术具有广泛应用的巨大潜力。)”可知，研究人员认为，这种钙钛矿太阳能电池由于其简单的生产技术以及低成本的材料，这种新型的太阳能电池技术具有广泛应用的巨大潜力，由此可知，很有发展前景可以用来形容新的太阳能电池技术。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to making a good impression, you can say all the right things. But it won’t be helpful until they are accompanied with the right body language.
____36____. Weak handshakes can make you seem anything but confident. Your handshake should be firm but not too tight, because you won’ t impress anyone by giving them a painful hand.
Pay attention to how much you’re blinking (眨眼). ____37____. If you find yourself blinking a lot, try to slow it down.
Maintain a proper amount of eye contact. By maintaining eye contact with the persons you’re talking to — or meeting for the first time — you’re letting them know that you’re paying attention to what they are saying. Eye contact is good. ____38____.
Keep your hands quiet. When you are nervous, it’s common for you to keep touching things with your hands. ____39____. They can make you seem anxious or unsure of yourself.
Talk with your hands, if it’s appropriate! If you’re enthusiastic about something you re speaking about, feel free to gesture. Just don’t overdo it.
Widen your stance. If you want to appear confident when you’re meeting someone, stand your ground! If you keep your feet close together, or crossed, you re more likely to be considered nervous or insecure. ____40____. It will show everyone around you that you feel sure of yourself.
A. Shake hands properly
B. Instead, stand with your feet apart
C. Rapid blinking can make you look nervous
D. Feel free to casually look at something else
E. But nonstop staring can make the speaker feel uncomfortable
F. Not only are you paying attention, but you’re interested in it as well
G. So avoid touching your hair or adjusting your clothing too frequently
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. E 39. G 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了如何利用身体语言给对方留下好的第一印象。
【36题详解】
设空句是段首小标题，根据下文“Weak handshakes can make you seem anything but confident. Your handshake should be firm but not too tight, because you won’ t impress anyone by giving them a painful hand.(无力的握手会让你看起来一点都不自信。你的握手应该坚定但不要太紧，因为你会给别人留下痛苦的印象。)”可知，本段主要讲要正确地握手，故A项“正确地握手”是最佳小标题。故选A项。
【37题详解】
根据段首小标题“Pay attention to how much you’re blinking (眨眼). (注意你眨眼的次数)”可知，本段与眨眼习惯有关。C项“Rapid blinking can make you look nervous(快速眨眼会让你看起来很紧张)”列举了不良眨眼习惯，下文“If you find yourself blinking a lot, try to slow it down.(如果你发现自己经常眨眼，试着让它慢下来。)”提出建议，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【38题详解】
上文“Eye contact is good.(眼神交流)”提出在与人沟通时需要眼神交流，但E项“But nonstop staring can make the speaker feel uncomfortable(但是不停地盯着说话人会让说话人感到不舒服)”指出眼神交流也要有节制，不能一直盯着说话人，照应了本段主题句“Maintain a proper amount of eye contact.(保持适当的眼神交流。)”，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
【39题详解】
上文“When you are nervous, it’s common for you to keep touching things with your hands.(当你紧张的时候，你经常用手触摸东西。)”提出紧张时会用手触摸东西，G项“So avoid touching your hair or adjusting your clothing too frequently(所以不要太频繁地摸头发或调整衣服)”给出建议，进一步明确不能太频繁地触摸什么东西，句中“touching your hair or adjusting your clothing”照应上文“touching things with your hands”，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【40题详解】
上文“If you keep your feet close together, or crossed, you re more likely to be considered nervous or insecure. (如果你总是把双脚放在一起，或者交叉在一起，你更有可能被认为是紧张或没有安全感的。)”提出不能把双脚放在一起，或者交叉在一起。B项“Instead, stand with your feet apart(相反，双脚分开站立)”给出正确的做法，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
At first, the grains of rice that Ingo Potrykus held in his fingers did not seem at all ____41____, but inside, these grains were not white, as ordinary rice is, but a very pale yellow — thanks to beta-carotene (胡萝卜素), a building block for vitamin A.
For more than a decade Potrykus had ____42____ creating a golden rice that could improve the lives of millions of the poorest people in the world, strengthening their eyesight and their ____43____ disease.
____44____ imagining golden rice was one thing and creating one quite another. Year after year, Potrykus and his colleagues ran into one ____45____ after another until success finally came in the spring of 1999.
At that point, he tackled an even greater challenge. The golden grains ____46____ pieces of DNA borrowed from bacteria and flowers. It was what some would call Frankenfood, a product of genetic engineering. As such, it ____47____ a web of hopes und fears.
The debate began the moment genetically engineered crops (GM crops) were first sold in the 1990s, and it has ____48____ ever since. First to start major protests against biotechnology were European environmentalists and consumer-advocacy groups. They were soon followed by their U.S. counterparts (相对应的人事物).
The hostility is ____49____. Most of the GM crops _____50_____ so far have been developed to produce a plant that is not harmed by chemicals used to kill weeds (杂草) in the fields. These genetically engineered crops are often sold by the same large, multinational corporations that _____51_____ the weed-killing chemicals that farmers spray on their fields. Consumers have become suspicious (怀疑的).
The benefits did seem small _____52_____ golden rice was developed. It is the first strong example of a GM crop that may _____53_____ not just the farmers who grow it but also the consumers who eat it. In this case, those include at least a million children who die every year because they are weakened by vitamin-A deficiency (缺乏) and an additional 350,000 who go blind.
Many people _____54_____ poverty and hunger look at golden rice and see it as evidence that GM crops can be made to serve the greater public good. They see a critical role for GM crops in feeding the world’s ever-increasing population. As former U.S. President Jimmy Carter put it, “Responsible biotechnology is not the enemy; _____55_____ is.”
41. A. typical B. special C. local D. white
42. A. dreamed of B. come in handy C. been reminded of D. broken up
43. A. attempt at B. effort to C. resistance to D. majority of
44. A. But B. And C. While D. Since
45. A. surprise B. obstacle C. norm D. opposition
46. A. achieved B. stressed C. overlooked D. contained
47. A. was caught in B. was alive with C. be conscious of D. was honored by
48. A. announced B. maintained C. escalated D. applied
49. A. brilliant B. understandable C. discharged D. rewarding
50. A. introduced B. reminded C. respected D. overlooked
51. A. toss and turn B. give and take C. produce and sell D. demand and supply
52. A. until B. after C. although D. when
53. A. feature B. mark C. build D. benefit
54 A. worried about B. ashamed of C. filled with D. admired for
55. A. terror B. misery C. starvation D. crisis
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英戈·波特利库斯和他的同事一起开发出了一种黄金大米，这是一种含有β-胡萝卜素的转基因作物大米，它可能不仅使种植它的农民受益，而且使食用它的消费者受益，它可以改善世界上数百万最贫困人口的生活，增强他们的视力，增强他们对疾病的抵抗力。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：刚开始，英戈·波特利库斯用手指捏着的米粒看起来一点也不特别，但这些米粒的内部并不是普通大米那样的白色，而是一种非常淡的黄色——这要归功于β-胡萝卜素，一种维生素A的基本成分。A. typical典型的；B. special特别的；C. local本地的；D. white白色的。根据下文“but inside, these grains were not white, as ordinary rice is”可知，此处指这些米粒看起来一点也不特别。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：十多年来，波特利库斯一直梦想着创造出一种黄金大米，可以改善世界上数百万最贫困人口的生活，增强他们的视力，增强他们对疾病的抵抗力。A. dreamed of梦想；B. come in handy派上用场；C. been reminded of被提醒；D. broken up分手。根据下文“creating a golden rice that could improve the lives of millions of the poorest people in the world, strengthening their eyesight and their ____3____ disease.”可知，此处指波特利库斯一直梦想着要做的事情。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：十多年来，波特利库斯一直梦想着创造出一种黄金大米，可以改善世界上数百万最贫困人口的生活，增强他们的视力，增强他们对疾病的抵抗力。A. attempt at尝试；B. effort to为了……付出的努力；C. resistance to对……的抵抗力；D. majority of大多数。根据上文“strengthening their eyesight”可知，此处指增强他们对疾病的抵抗力。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：但想象黄金大米是一回事，创造黄金大米完全是另一回事。A. But但是；B. And和；C. While而；D. Since自从。此处与上文存在转折关系，应用转折连词but。故选A。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：年复一年，Potrykus和他的同事们遇到了一个又一个障碍，直到1999年春天终于取得了成功。A. surprise惊喜；B. obstacle障碍；C. norm规范；D. opposition反对。根据下文“until success finally came in the spring of 1999.”及常识可知，在成功之前，他们遇到了一个又一个障碍。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些金色的颗粒含有从细菌和花朵中借来的DNA片段。A. achieved实现；B. stressed强调；C. overlooked忽视；D. contained包含。根据下文“pieces of DNA borrowed from bacteria and flowers.”可知，此处指这些金色的颗粒含有从细菌和花朵中借来的DNA片段。故选D。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，它陷入了希望与恐惧交织的网中。A. was caught in陷入；B. was alive with充满；C. be conscious of意识到；D. was honored by为……感到荣幸。根据下文“a web of hopes und fears.”及“The debate began the moment genetically engineered crops (GM crops) were first sold in the 1990s, and it has ____8____ ever since.”可知，此处指这种基因工程的产物陷入了希望与恐惧交织的争论中。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场争论始于上世纪90年代转基因作物(GM作物)首次销售的那一刻，并从那时起不断升级。A. announced宣布；B. maintained维护；C. escalated升级；D. applied应用。根据下文“First to start major protests against biotechnology were European environmentalists and consumer-advocacy groups. They were soon followed by their U.S. counterparts (相对应的人事物).”可知，此处指关于转基因作物的争论从那时起不断升级。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种敌意是可以理解的。A. brilliant聪颖的；B. understandable可以理解的；C. discharged放电的；D. rewarding值得的。根据上文“ First to start major protests against biotechnology were European environmentalists and consumer-advocacy groups. They were soon followed by their U.S. counterparts (相对应的人事物)(首先对生物技术发起大规模抗议的是欧洲的环保主义者和消费者权益保护组织。很快，他们的美国同行也紧随其后。).”和下文“These genetically engineered crops are often sold by the same large, multinational corporations that ____11____ the weed-killing chemicals that farmers spray on their fields. Consumers have become suspicious (怀疑的).(这些转基因作物通常由生产和销售农民喷洒在农田上的除草剂的大型跨国公司销售。消费者开始怀疑。)”可知，此处指人们有这种敌意是可以理解的。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，大多数引进的转基因作物都是为了培育出一种不会受到田里用于除草的化学药品伤害的植物。A. introduced引进；B. reminded提醒；C. respected尊重；D. overlooked忽视。根据下文“These genetically engineered crops are often sold by the same large”及选项分析可知，此处指引进的转基因作物。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。句意：这些转基因作物通常由生产和销售农民喷洒在农田上的除草剂的大型跨国公司销售。A. toss and turn翻来覆去；B. give and take给予和接受；C. produce and sell生产和销售；D. demand and supply需求和供应。根据上文“the same large, multinational corporations”及下文“the weed-killing chemicals that farmers spray on their fields.”可知，此处指销售这些转基因作物的大型跨国公司，同时又在生产和销售农民喷洒在农田上的除草剂。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查连接词词义辨析。句意：在黄金大米被开发出来之前，这些好处看起来确实很小。A. until直到……为止；B. after在……之后；C. although尽管；D. when当……时。根据上文“Consumers have become suspicious (怀疑的).”及下文“It is the first strong example of a GM crop that may ____13____ not just the farmers who grow it but also the consumers who eat it.”可知，在黄金大米被开发出来之前，人们对转基因作物的好处持怀疑态度，现在这种转基因作物确实能给人带来好处了。故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是转基因作物的第一个强有力的例子，它可能不仅使种植它的农民受益，而且使食用它的消费者受益。A. feature以……为特色；B. mark标记；C. build建造；D. benefit使受益。根据下文“In this case, those include at least a million children who die every year because they are weakened by vitamin-A deficiency (缺乏) and an additional 350,000 who go blind.(在这种情况下，那些人包括每年至少有100万儿童因维生素A缺乏症而死亡，另有35万名儿童失明。)”可知，此处指这种黄金大米可能不仅使种植它的农民受益，而且使食用它的消费者受益。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多担心贫困和饥饿的人看到黄金大米，并将其视为转基因作物可以为更大的公共利益服务的证据。A. worried about担心；B. ashamed of对……感到羞耻；C. filled with充满；D. admired for因……而钦佩。根据上文“and see it as evidence that GM crops can be made to serve the greater public good.”可知，此处指担心贫困和饥饿的人们的观点。故选A。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如美国前总统吉米·卡特所说：“负责任的生物技术不是敌人；饥饿才是。”A. terror恐怖；B. misery苦难；C. starvation饥饿；D. crisis危机。根据上文“Many people ____14____ poverty and hunger look at golden rice and see it as evidence that GM crops can be made to serve the greater public good. They see a critical role for GM crops in feeding the world’s ever-increasing population.(许多担心贫困和饥饿的人看到黄金大米，并将其视为转基因作物可以为更大的公共利益服务的证据。他们认为转基因作物在养活世界不断增长的人口方面发挥着关键作用。)”可知，此处指负责任的生物技术不是敌人，饥饿才是敌人。故选C。
第二节：（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou, a ______56______(commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and ______57______(graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of _____58_____(tradition) Chinese Medicine in Beijing.
In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of ______59______(discover) a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was _____60_____the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, _____61_____malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
In 1969, she became _____62_____ head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical_____63_____(treat) for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical_____64_____ (property). From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments _____65_____ showed promise in the fight against malaria.
【答案】mitted
57. graduated
58. traditional
59. discovering
60. among 61. where
62. the 63. treatments
64 properties
65. that##which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖获得者——屠呦呦。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦出生于宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院，是一位敬业、有耐心的科学家。由and连接的patient为形容词可知，此处也应为形容词形式committed，构成并列形容词短语，意为“一个尽心尽力的和耐心的人”。故填committed。
【57题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语on 30 December 1930，可知句子的是时态为一般过去时，设空处应为动词的过去式的形式。故填graduated。
58题详解】
考查形容词。句意：毕业后，她在北京的中国中医研究院工作。设空处应用形容词的形式修饰空后的名词。故填traditional。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1967年，中国政府成立了一个科学家小组，目的是发现一种新的疟疾治疗方法，屠呦呦是第一批被选中的研究人员之一。设空处为非谓语，空前为介词，设空处应用动名词的形式作宾语。故填discovering。
【60题详解】
考查介词。句意见上题解析。设空处为介词，构成介词短语在句中作表语，表示“在……之间”为among。故填among。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：一开始，屠呦呦去了疟疾多发的海南，研究疟疾患者。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指地点状语，先行词为Hainan。故填where。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：1969年，她成为北京该项目的负责人，并决定查阅中国古代医学文献，寻找治疗这种疾病的传统植物疗法。设空处后为名词，设空处应用冠词，根据空后的“of the project in Beijing (北京该项目)”可知，此处为特指，应用the。故填the。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处应用名词作宾语，空前无限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填treatments。
【64题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：她的团队检查了2000多份古老的医学文献，并评估了28万种植物的医学特性。名词property作为“性质；特性”为可数名词。根据“280,000 plants”可知，用复数形式。故填properties。
【65题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：从他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代药物，这些药物在对抗疟疾方面显示出希望。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为Chinese medical treatments，因此限定性定语从句用that或者which。故填that/which。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你市最近新建成一座以科技为主题的公园Futuroscope，你决定邀请交换生Tom周末一同前往。请你写一封电子邮件告诉他相关信息。内容包括：
1. 主题公园概况；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 交通方式。
注意：
1. 词数100字左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Tom,
Learning that you feel like having a trip this weekend, I am writing to invite you to Futuroscope with me.
Futuroscope, a theme park known for science and technology, will surely provide us the unique experience of the most advanced technology. Not only can we try scientific experiment there but also learn more about space travel, the undersea world and brand-new experiences of the earth. What’s more, the picturesque scenery there in this season must be a feast for our eyes.
Considering that it is far from the city, we can take a bus. I’ll wait for you at the school gate at 8:00am. on the weekend, and then we can start together.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生Tom写一封电子邮件邀请他周末一同前往市最近新建成一座以科技为主题的公园Futuroscope，告诉他一些相关信息。
【详解】1.词汇积累
想要做某事：feel like doing sth.→would like to do sth.
提供：provide →offer
此外：what’s more →besides/in addition
因……而出名：known for →famous for
2.句型拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Futuroscope, a theme park known for science and technology, will surely provide us the unique experience of the most advanced technology.
拓展句：Futuroscope, a theme park which is known for science and technology, will surely provide us the unique experience of the most advanced technology.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Learning that you feel like having a trip this weekend, I am writing to invite you to Futuroscope with me. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Not only can we try scientific experiment there but also learn more about space travel, the undersea world and brand-new experiences of the earth. (运用了“not only…but also…”连接的并列句，且not only位于句首引出的部分倒装句)
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our science teacher always enjoys giving out challenging assignments to our Grade 10 science class. Unlike other teachers who hand out page upon page of textbook questions, Mr. Hussey seems to prefer having the students learn science through a more hands-on, do-it-yourself approach.
“Today, ”said Mr. Hussey, “everyone will be making an icebox!”As we sat in awe, trying to imagine what kind of device he was referring to, Mr. Hussey handed out the project instructions. In groups of two, we would design a storage (贮藏) device that was capable of keeping its contents at a constant temperature for a certain period of time, regardless of the outside temperature. The competition was quite straightforward：every contestant would receive a cube (立方体) of ice. The team that had the biggest piece left the next day would win!
As always, I partnered with my best friend, Vlad. That afternoon we went straight to the library. After an intense discussion, we agreed on the basic idea of having the ice cube inside a box, which would be put inside another bigger box. Between the two boxes would be the heat insulator (绝缘体).
The first test of the icebox was extremely disappointing. Since this was our first experiment, we both wanted good results to build our confidence. Before I went to bed that night, I carefully picked out a huge block of ice from our refrigerator and placed it inside the icebox. When I woke up the next morning and looked into the icebox, there wasn’t even a bit of ice left. Reflecting on this failure, we were determined to find a better insulating material. Then we tried the same experiment again. This time, we made it. There was 70 percent of the ice left.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The day of the competition came very fast.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, everybody rushed towards these works of art.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
The day of the competition came very fast. We all brought our masterpieces into the classroom. Every team had a different design-from boxes made of different materials to boxes that operated in different ways. One fellow even attached a motor to his icebox and turned it into a refrigerator. Before we left school, Mr. Hussey gave each group an ice tube of the same size. We put them in the iceboxes that were placed side by side on the table. Then we left for home, hoping that we would win.
The next day, everybody rushed towards these works of art. We all hoped that there would still be some ice left. Some kids searched and searched, and were even about to tear their iceboxes apart, but couldn’t find anything. Luckily, it turned out that we didn’t do too badly. Having almost 60 percent of the ice cube still remaining, we had an above-average result! The winner of the competition, however, was the guy who made a motorized refrigerator. When we opened his icebox, he had a piece of ice that was 140 percent the size of the original! His innovative design was definitely a cut above the rest.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了科学老师总是喜欢给10年级的科学班布置有挑战性的作业，这天老师要求他们制作一个冰箱，并且进行比赛，比赛很简单：每个参赛者都会得到一块冰块。第二天剩下最大一块的队伍将获胜。于是作者和朋友Vlad搭档，经过不断尝试，他们的比赛结果高于平均水平，比赛的获胜者是制造了电动冰箱的人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“比赛的日子来得很快”可知，第一段可描写同学们进行比赛的场面和心情。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天，每个人都冲向这些艺术品”可知，第二段可描写同学们第二天去查看冰的情况以及作者他们所取得的比赛结果。
2.续写线索：比赛来临——不同设计参赛——开始比赛——第二天查看结果——高于平均水平——获胜者创新设计出类拔萃
3.词汇激活
行为类
急忙：rush towards/rush to
希望：hope/wish
找到：find /discover
情绪类
创新：innovative /creative
出类拔萃：a cut above the rest /brilliant
【点睛】[高分句型1] Before we left school, Mr. Hussey gave each group an ice tube of the same size. (运用了before引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] Then we left for home, hoping that we would win. (运用了that引导宾语从句)江西省广信中学2023-2024学年高二上学期11月月考
英语试卷
考试时间：120分钟
考试范围：人教版（2019）选择性必修一Unit 1至Unit 3
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题：每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How many people are eating with the man
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is probably the man
A. A journalist. B. A student. C. A teacher.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the dialogue take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a shop. C. At home.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking about
A. How to deal with stress. B. How to read books. C. How to enjoy a job.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the woman think the man is lying
A. He is a dishonest person.
B. His body language tells it.
C. She has already known the truth.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does Lily suggest Mr. Stenson doing
A. Using the pesticide. B. Changing the crop. C. Watering the fields.
7. What do we know about Lily’s uncle
A. He often shares his products.
B. He lives far from Lily.
C. He is good at farming.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When does the man need to turn in his application
A. By January 2nd. B. By May 1st. C. By September 3rd.
9. How many people applied for the program last year
A. Seventeen. B. Twenty. C. Fifty.
10. Who might the woman be
A. A professor. B. A current student. C. An admissions officer.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. When did the man build the first computer
A. In junior high school. B. In senior high school. C. At the university.
12. Where does the man work
A. In a school. B. In a company. C. In a store.
13. How do some people find technology
A. Interesting. B. Dangerous. C. Wonderful.
14. What are the speakers talking about
A. The making of computers.
B. The past of computers.
C. The future of computers.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hospital. B. In a gym. C. In a park.
16. What happened to Molly yesterday
A. She fell off the bed.
B. She had trouble breathing.
C. She almost died of heart disease.
17. What annoys Molly most
A. Stopping drinking Coke. B. Giving up fried chips. C. Getting up early.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Where are the robot competitions organized
A. In over 170 countries. B. In over 150 countries. C. In over 75 countries.
19. What should the teams do within the 150 minutes
A. Finish a set of problems. B. Put together their robots. C. Solve real-life problems.
20. How can you manage to be a part of the fun
A. By joining the Robot Olympiad.
B. By joining the Olympic Committee.
C. By joining the Robot show group.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Broadcom MASTERS awards $100 000 in prizes, inspiring and rewarding the Nation’s next generation of scientists, engineers, and innovators. The competition took place in Washington, D. C.. It’s aimed to test participants’ 21st Century skills of critical thinking, communication, creativity and cooperation in each of the STEM areas.
Elizabeth Shen, 14, Cary, N. C., demonstrated both vision and promise as an innovator, in the spirit of radio inventor Guglielmo Marconi. Elizabeth drew inspiration from the way many flowers grow to design a system for better managing the wear on a computer’s memory. Over time, many heavily used cells within computers become damaged, and the memory must be replaced. Elizabeth’s system reduces the average number of times cells were accessed, compared to other options.
Rory Hu, 12, San Jose, Calif., demonstrated excellence in science, technology, engineering or math, along with the leadership and technical skills necessary in the 21st Century STEM workforce and built a better community for tomorrow. Rory’s research on honeybees suggests that feeding bees tea polyphenols (茶多酚) and caffeine could boost their ability to learn and remember.
Mina Fedor, 14, Berkeley, Calif., used electroencephalography (脑电图学), or EEG, to measure a certain type of brain activity as people did active and passive learning tasks. Mina’s research, which found that the brain doesn’t substantially differentiate between the two different kinds of learning, could impact the way educators teach.
Jeanelle Dao, 13, San Jose, Calif., created a promising solution to a real-world problem. She invented a foot-controlled welcome mat that wirelessly automatically unlocks a door when the user puts his/her feet on the correct code. The device could help people with arthritis (关节炎) and other hand problems become more self-sufficient.
21. What advantage does Elizabeth Shen’s system have
A. Updating computers’ memory in time. B. Changing the way many flowers grow.
C. Passing on Guglielmo Marconi’s spirit. D. Extending the using life of the computer.
22. Whose research is probably related to education
A. Elizabeth Shen. B. Rory Hu. C. Mina Fedor. D. Elizabeth Shen.
23. What do we know about Jeanelle Dao’s foot-controlled welcome mat
A. It helps treat people with arthritis. B. It requires users to press codes by hand.
C. It makes it convenient to open the door. D. It was intended for ones with hand problems.
B
U. S. government officials have approved meat that is grown from cells in a laboratory to be sold in restaurants and food stores.
Companies have been developing “lab-grown” meat for years. But the California-based companies Upside Foods and Good Meat are the first to have their products approved by the Department of Agriculture. Chicken is the only “lab-grown” meat permitted in the United States. However, lab-grown meat from cattle, pigs and sheep might be available soon.
Production of meat grown in a laboratory begins by taking cells from fertilized eggs. The cells are combined with nutrients that support their growth in steel tanks. Upside Foods’s lab-grown meat is created in large sheets, which are then formed into final products. Good Meat transforms cells into several chicken products.
Lab-grown meat is different from plant-based meat such as Impossible Burgers. Those products are made from plant materials. Researchers consider lab-grown meat to be “real” pany representatives say the lab-grown chicken seems like real meat. Amy Chen is Upside Foods’ chief operating officer. She told the Associated Press, “The most common response we get is, ‘Oh, it tastes like chicken.’”
Upside Foods has stated that they only can produce 22, 680 kilograms of lab-grown meat a year. Officials expect the price of lab-grown meat to be about $44 per kilogram. At such a price, only rich people will be able to purchase lab-grown meat. Therefore, it will not be available in grocery stores any time soon. Restaurants are expected to begin serving “lab-grown” meat within two to five years. Experts say it might be available in supermarkets in 7 to 10 years.
Ricardo San Martin, director of the Alt: Meat Lab told the Associated Press, “If some high-end or wealthy people want to eat this instead of a chicken, it’s good.” Then he added, “Will that mean you will feed chicken to poor people I honestly don’t see it.”
Supporters of lab-grown meat say it does not require killing or hurting animals. They also say it helps diminish and ease the effects that feeding animals and animal waste have on the environment. But Martin said that if too little is produced, and only a small number of people eat it, it will have little effect on the environment.
24. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about on lab-grown meat
A. Its growing process. B. Its main component.
C. Its drawback. D. Its characteristics.
25. Why is lab-grown meat unpopular in grocery stores soon
A. Because it’s tasteless. B. Because it’s costly.
C. Because it’s harmful. D. Because it’s unprofitable.
26. What does the underlined word “diminish” in the last paragraph mean
A. Conserve. B. Anticipate. C. Tackle. D. Decrease.
27. What worries Ricardo San Martin on lab-grown meat
A. Its safety. B. Its popularity. C. Its output. D. Its potential.
C
Keeping indoor spaces comfortable takes a lot of power. About half of the energy Americans use in their homes goes toward heating and cooling accounting for a sizable number of both public expenditure and greenhouse gas release. Although many buildings have walls packed with heat barrier material to maintain an ideal temperature, others, especially old buildings, are shockingly energy inefficient.
Scientists have been working on higher-tech solutions to this problem for decades. Now materials scientists have developed a new material, a color-changing film, which can switch between heating and cooling modes. The film, which is thinner than a credit card, operates on very little energy and can one day wrap even the most wasteful of buildings to help radiate unwanted heat during the summer and trap it in during the winter. The researchers estimate that if this technology is applied to the outside of a building, it can save 8. 4 percent of the energy used for heating and cooling in climates that experience a violent swing in temperatures throughout the year.
The new device takes advantage of a natural phenomenon called radiative cooling, which makes outdoor temperatures drop at night and helps cool the Earth as a whole. Everything around us, including our bodies and buildings, is constantly giving off heat in the form of mid-infrared (中红外的) radiation: electromagnetic waves that are among those at a lower frequency than the light you can see with your eyes.
The film starts in the cooling mode. Beneath an incredibly thin electrical conductor lies a small reservoir (储液器) of water with copper ions dissolved inside. In this state, the device naturally radiates heat, cooling the inside of the building. Then, when the conductor layer applies a small electric charge, the dissolved copper deposits on its surface, forming a thin layer over the reservoir. Because copper gives out very little of the mid-infrared heat it absorbs, the device now traps heat. This change can be done again and again though repeated uses have decreasing returns: After 1,000 cycles, both cooling and heating modes are less efficient. Thus it can be seen that the new material has flaws, waiting for scientists to resolve.
28. What does paragraph 1 mainly show about American indoor spaces
A. Their gas release. B. Their power source.
C. Their building material. D. Their energy consumption.
29. What do the researchers think of the film
A. It’s large and costly. B. It’s thick and heavy.
C. It’s practical and green. D. It’s color-changing and time-saving.
30. Where does the inspiration of the new device in paragraph 3 come from
A. Human body structure. B. Buildings.
C. Artificial lights. D. Nature.
31 What does the underlined word “flaws” in the last paragraph mean
A. Weaknesses. B. Functions.
C. Prospects. D. Forms.
D
A solar cell works based on the photoelectric effect (光电效应), which happens when light interacts with a special light-absorbing material, known as a semiconductor (半导体). As the semiconductor absorbs light, it produces negative charges (electrons) and positive charges (holes). The electrons and holes are attracted to each other, and when they join together, they release energy in the form of light. If we can separate the electrons and holes and keep them from recombining, we can then use them to produce electricity.
Recently a semiconducting material called perovskite was discovered. This material works superbly in the solar cell. One of its main advantages is that it is very simple to prepare, which means that solar cells can be made at a relatively low cost compared to the existing solar cells technology.
Initially, perovskite contains oxygen, which makes it suitable for use in solar cells. A few years ago, however, researchers made a breakthrough discovery by developing non-oxygen-based perovskite in the laboratory. This new perovskite could both carry electrical charges in the light and be non-conductive in the dark. The new material could also absorb a wide range of wavelengths. These features are very well-suited for solar cells.
An important factor for solar cells is stability, or the time the solar cell can work without decreasing in its performance. Therefore, we conducted various tests in which the solar cells remained stable for over 40 days. This gives us a good indication that these cells will operate for about 20 years without significant degradation (衰退).
Perovskite-based solar cell technology has advanced rapidly in just a few years. Researchers are convinced that this technology holds great potential for widespread use due to its simple production techniques and low cost of the perovskite materials.
32. What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A. The electricity made by light.
B. The ways of producing semiconductor.
C. The principle on which the solar cell is based.
D. The creation of negative and positive charges.
33. What is the main advantage of perovskite
A. Being easy to prepare. B. Containing oxygen.
C. Being non-conductive. D. Absorbing fewer wavelengths.
34. Why did researchers do so many experiments on perovskite-based solar cell
A. To make less mistakes. B. To reduce the failures.
C. To increase the performance. D. To learn more about the stability.
35. Which word can be used to describe the new solar cell technology
A. Simple. B. Advanced. C. Promising. D. Limited.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to making a good impression, you can say all the right things. But it won’t be helpful until they are accompanied with the right body language.
____36____. Weak handshakes can make you seem anything but confident. Your handshake should be firm but not too tight, because you won’ t impress anyone by giving them a painful hand.
Pay attention to how much you’re blinking (眨眼). ____37____. If you find yourself blinking a lot, try to slow it down.
Maintain a proper amount of eye contact. By maintaining eye contact with the persons you’re talking to — or meeting for the first time — you’re letting them know that you’re paying attention to what they are saying. Eye contact is good. ____38____.
Keep your hands quiet. When you are nervous, it’s common for you to keep touching things with your hands. ____39____. They can make you seem anxious or unsure of yourself.
Talk with your hands, if it’s appropriate! If you’re enthusiastic about something you re speaking about, feel free to gesture. Just don’t overdo it.
Widen your stance. If you want to appear confident when you’re meeting someone, stand your ground! If you keep your feet close together, or crossed, you re more likely to be considered nervous or insecure. ____40____. It will show everyone around you that you feel sure of yourself.
A. Shake hands properly
B. Instead, stand with your feet apart
C. Rapid blinking can make you look nervous
D Feel free to casually look at something else
E. But nonstop staring can make the speaker feel uncomfortable
F. Not only are you paying attention, but you’re interested in it as well
G. So avoid touching your hair or adjusting your clothing too frequently
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）
At first, the grains of rice that Ingo Potrykus held in his fingers did not seem at all ____41____, but inside, these grains were not white, as ordinary rice is, but a very pale yellow — thanks to beta-carotene (胡萝卜素), a building block for vitamin A.
For more than a decade Potrykus had ____42____ creating a golden rice that could improve the lives of millions of the poorest people in the world, strengthening their eyesight and their ____43____ disease.
____44____ imagining golden rice was one thing and creating one quite another. Year after year, Potrykus and his colleagues ran into one ____45____ after another until success finally came in the spring of 1999.
At that point, he tackled an even greater challenge. The golden grains ____46____ pieces of DNA borrowed from bacteria and flowers. It was what some would call Frankenfood, a product of genetic engineering. As such, it ____47____ a web of hopes und fears.
The debate began the moment genetically engineered crops (GM crops) were first sold in the 1990s, and it has ____48____ ever since. First to start major protests against biotechnology were European environmentalists and consumer-advocacy groups. They were soon followed by their U.S. counterparts (相对应的人事物).
The hostility is ____49____. Most of the GM crops _____50_____ so far have been developed to produce a plant that is not harmed by chemicals used to kill weeds (杂草) in the fields. These genetically engineered crops are often sold by the same large, multinational corporations that _____51_____ the weed-killing chemicals that farmers spray on their fields. Consumers have become suspicious (怀疑的).
The benefits did seem small _____52_____ golden rice was developed. It is the first strong example of a GM crop that may _____53_____ not just the farmers who grow it but also the consumers who eat it. In this case, those include at least a million children who die every year because they are weakened by vitamin-A deficiency (缺乏) and an additional 350,000 who go blind.
Many people _____54_____ poverty and hunger look at golden rice and see it as evidence that GM crops can be made to serve the greater public good. They see a critical role for GM crops in feeding the world’s ever-increasing population. As former U.S. President Jimmy Carter put it, “Responsible biotechnology is not the enemy; _____55_____ is.”
41. A. typical B. special C. local D. white
42. A. dreamed of B. come in handy C. been reminded of D. broken up
43. A. attempt at B. effort to C. resistance to D. majority of
44. A. But B. And C. While D. Since
45. A. surprise B. obstacle C. norm D. opposition
46. A. achieved B. stressed C. overlooked D. contained
47. A. was caught in B. was alive with C. be conscious of D. was honored by
48. A. announced B. maintained C. escalated D. applied
49. A. brilliant B. understandable C. discharged D. rewarding
50. A. introduced B. reminded C. respected D. overlooked
51. A. toss and turn B. give and take C. produce and sell D. demand and supply
52. A. until B. after C. although D. when
53. A. feature B. mark C. build D. benefit
54. A. worried about B. ashamed of C. filled with D. admired for
55. A. terror B. misery C. starvation D. crisis
第二节：（共10个小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou, a ______56______(commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and ______57______(graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of _____58_____(tradition) Chinese Medicine in Beijing.
In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of ______59______(discover) a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was _____60_____the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, _____61_____malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
In 1969, she became _____62_____ head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical_____63_____(treat) for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical_____64_____ (property). From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments _____65_____ showed promise in the fight against malaria.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，你市最近新建成一座以科技为主题的公园Futuroscope，你决定邀请交换生Tom周末一同前往。请你写一封电子邮件告诉他相关信息。内容包括：
1. 主题公园概况；
2. 推荐的理由；
3. 交通方式。
注意：
1. 词数100字左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分 25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Our science teacher always enjoys giving out challenging assignments to our Grade 10 science class. Unlike other teachers who hand out page upon page of textbook questions, Mr. Hussey seems to prefer having the students learn science through a more hands-on, do-it-yourself approach.
“Today, ”said Mr. Hussey, “everyone will be making an icebox!”As we sat in awe, trying to imagine what kind of device he was referring to, Mr. Hussey handed out the project instructions. In groups of two, we would design a storage (贮藏) device that was capable of keeping its contents at a constant temperature for a certain period of time, regardless of the outside temperature. The competition was quite straightforward：every contestant would receive a cube (立方体) of ice. The team that had the biggest piece left the next day would win!
As always, I partnered with my best friend, Vlad. That afternoon we went straight to the library. After an intense discussion, we agreed on the basic idea of having the ice cube inside a box, which would be put inside another bigger box. Between the two boxes would be the heat insulator (绝缘体).
The first test of the icebox was extremely disappointing. Since this was our first experiment, we both wanted good results to build our confidence. Before I went to bed that night, I carefully picked out a huge block of ice from our refrigerator and placed it inside the icebox. When I woke up the next morning and looked into the icebox, there wasn’t even a bit of ice left. Reflecting on this failure, we were determined to find a better insulating material. Then we tried the same experiment again. This time, we made it. There was 70 percent of the ice left.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The day of the competition came very fast.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next day, everybody rushed towards these works of art.
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