Unit 1 Past and present 语法填空（含解析）牛津译林版 八年级下册英语题型专项集训

Unit 1 Past and present 语法填空（含解析）牛津译林版 八年级下册英语题型专项集训
阅读下面短文，然后在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词适当形式。
Since April 13, 2023, the China-Laos Railway 1 (start) cross-bonler (跨境的) passenger service (服务). The railway starts in Kunming, 2 capital of Yunnan Province, and runs 3 Yuxi, Pu’er, Xishuangbanna, and the town of Mohan in China. It takes only 2 hours and 46 minutes 4 (travel) from Kunming to Pu’er, 3 hours and 24 minutes from Kunming to Xishuangbanna.
It is an 5 (excite) way to enjoy the unusual scenery (风景) and rich 6 (culture) along the line. On arriving in Kunming, travellers can visit the Stone Forest, Dianchi Lake and Dounan Flower Market. After 7 (get) off at Pu’er Station, tourists can both experience the ancient tea-horse road in southern Yunnan 8 enjoy the tea gardens within half an hour by car. Starting from Xishuangbanna Station, visitors can get to the Wild Elephant Valley 9 (easy).
If you are going to visit Yunnan and Laos, travelling by China-Laos Railway 10 (be) a great choice.
根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。
I had a great holiday last summer. My father took me to 11 (we) own farm in the countryside. When we arrived that evening, I was very 12 (surprise) to see they had everything in daily lives but without fast transportation! One day, I found a bicycle station across 13 the street. I went there 14 I wanted to ride a bike. A 15 (manage) named Tom gave me some 16 (advice) on how to get a bike by 17 (use) my smartphone. 18 (final), with his help, I got one. I 19 (ride) across streets. I wanted to know whether the people would like fast transportation or not. Most of them said they wanted it, because they hoped to see the 20 (wonder) world one day.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Nowadays we can see more and more electric cars on the road. In 2022, more than six 21 (million) electric cars were sold. People predict that electric cars might be more common in the future. Last month, we asked young readers what they thought 22 electric cars.
Some of them say they like electric cars better. This will cut down air pollution and be good for our 23 (health). Cleaner air also means there will be fewer 24 (animal) dying. Electric cars are expensive, but 25 (they) prices are coming down. What’s more, gas costs a lot more than electricity. Anyway, I think we 26 (run) out of gas one day. This will make electric cars a need. Also, do you know that electric cars can travel 27 (far) for about a dollar than gas powered cars
The others don’t think all cars should be electric. First of all, charging stations are less common than gas stations. This doesn’t allow people 28 (have) too long trips. What’s more, on cold days, 29 batteries in electric cars can’t work well as usual. The used batteries are bad for our home and we can’t reuse them, 30 we must find some ways to deal with them correctly. Or there will be another problem.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recently, a very simple phrase “Amazing China” has become widely known in China. As we know, China has developed quickly these years and it has become one of the most important 31 (country) in the world. Foreigners pay more attention to this ancient eastern country—China. Lily, an Australian girl, has lived in China 32 three years ago. She and her friends are studying as engineers 33 a university in Nanjing now. Great changes make her 34 (amaze). “I think 35 (find) jobs is 36 (easy) in China than that in Australia. I will continue 37 work here after I finish my school work in Nanjing.” Lily said. In Nanjing, we can find new buildings everywhere. It is changing 38 (rapid). The achievement (成就) is so 39 (surprise). China is developing the trade and the friendship with other countries. China is playing 40 important role in the world.
根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。
Now people are becoming richer and richer, and there are 41 (many) cars in our city than before. You may 42 (imagination) the problem of heavy traffic in Beijing and other big cities, especially during the rush 43 (hour). So the government (政府) has to do something to deal 44 the problem.
I would like to share some 45 (idea) about this problem with you. First, the government should spend more money 46 (build) more roads. The roads should be wide enough to let the cars 47 (run). 48 (two), the government should add more special bus lines for people. Then it will be more convenient 49 people to go everywhere they like by bus. 50 this way, cars on the road will be much fewer.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many means of transportation (出行方式). But sometimes the 51 (easy) way to get somewhere is on the back of a bike. More 52 more people are using cars in many places in Africa today. However, 53 (thing) are different in Malawi. Bikes are the 54 (popular) in this African country. Bike riding 55 (play) an important role in people’s daily life in Malawi. People use bikes to carry (搬运) heavy things. They also use 56 (they) to carry people. These years, 57 (choose) a “bicycle taxi” to travel around Malawi becomes pretty popular among tourists from all 58 the world.
59 you go to Malawi, you will find a lot of bike taxis waiting on 60 (side) of the roads. The riders make the bikes comfortable for passengers (乘客) to sit on. You can jump on a bike taxi and get around at a very low price.
用所给词的比较级填空。
Martin and Jillion are having their lunch in a restaurant. Martin’s car and Jillion’s car are outside the restaurant in the car park. Jillion is looking through the window at the car and scooters (摩托车).
“I think scooters are 61 (good) than cars,” she says.
“They only want a little petrol (汽油), so they are 62 (cheap). And I think they are 63 (easy) to drive.”
Martin laughs. “Oh, cars are more expensive, that’s true,” he says, “But they’re not 64 (difficult) to drive. And think! Cars are 65 (big) than scooters, so they take more people. My car is 66 (quiet) than a scooter or a bus or a plane or a train.”
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wilbur was 67 (bear) in 1867 and Orville in 1871. The Wright brothers developed a strong interest in flight from early childhood. They taught 68 (they) maths and engineering. They started their flying 69 (experiment) with big kites and gliders. 70 (final), they decided to make their own plane. The two brothers worked very hard 71 (make) a small engine and a propeller for their plane.
Their 72 (one) plane weighed 340 kilograms. Its wings were 12 meters wide. 73 17 December 1903, Orville sat in the plane and made the first successful flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. His flight lasted for only 12 seconds and only covered 37 meters, 74 this was the first time human beings successfully sent something heavier than the air into the sky with powered flight. Wilbur also flew the plane on 75 same day.
The Wright brothers are surely among the 76 (important) inventors of the 20th century.
阅读下面短文，在各题空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I was a child, I liked riding my bike to some interesting places. It was one of my favorite 77 （thing) to do. However, when 1 grew up, there 78 （be）more and more cars, buses, and trucks on the road. 79 I seldom rode bikes to go out. If people wanted to ride a bike to work or play, they had to ride bikes around cars or buses. It is very 80 （danger）to ride a bike with lots of cars and buses. Because cars and buses sometimes may hit people who ride bikes.
These days, more people begin to ride bikes again, they think it is good for 81 （we）health and it can bring us happiness. I decide 82 （have）fun on the bike again. On Sundays, it takes me 83 hour to ride my bike to the gym, to the supermarket or to the park. I still feel scared（害怕的）when I have to ride around cars, buses and trucks. I never ride too 84 （fast）and I can protect（保护）myself from traffic accidents. In fact, 85 （ride） bikes is a fun way to visit the city.
Now I start to use the public bikes, too. On weekends, my friend and I sometimes ride public bikes to parks. Some apps make it easy and cheap 86 everyone to ride.
Besides, if we all try to ride bikes often and drive less, there will be less pollution (污染). Now what are you waiting for
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
We are all proud of our country—China. People from home and abroad are all surprised 87 China’s progress. On October 1st, 2019, China held its largest military parade（阅兵仪式）in Tian’anmen Square. It 88 (be) really amazing. Looking back at the past, the great changes have taken place in China.
Many people died because of 89 (hungry) and wars in the past. Most people lived 90 hard life. About five to seven people ever lived in a small house. Children couldn’t have 91 (they) own rooms and the younger seldom had new clothes. People had little money 92 (see) a doctor. And there were few hospitals.
93 , in 1978, China carried out the reform and opening-up policy（政策）. It was an 94 (importance) turning point for Chinese people. China has developed rapidly since then.
Now, people’s life is much 95 (good). More people begin to have a happy life because the country 96 (try) its best to help poor areas. China also pays great attention to compulsory（义务的）education. I think it is important to remember the past.
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
People 97 (invent) cars in the last century. Today cars have touched the life of everyone in the United States. Most Americans feel that they are poor when they have no cars. What’s the reason Here are three 98 (one).
First of all, the country is large and Americans enjoy 99 (make) trips here and there. With cars they can go anywhere 100 (easy). The 101 (two) reason is that trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other 102 (part) of the world. What’s more, Americans have to pay a lot of money if they travel 103 plane. The third reason is 104 (many) important one. Americans don’t like to wait 105 buses or even planes. They like cars 106 they want to travel at any time.
Dear Mark,
I am so glad that you will come to Nanjing during the holiday. You said you wanted to know something about 107 (travel) in Nanjing. Well, here is some advice 108 how to travel around Nanjing.
The 109 (fast) way to come to Nanjing is by plane, of course. The underground in Nanjing 110 (be) in use since 2005. You can take Line 1 to your hotel. It’s fast.
I wonder how long you 111 (stay) in Nanjing and what places you are interested in. Maybe you want to travel around the city. It’s 112 good idea to hire（租用）a taxi. And the driver will tell you more about the city. And you said you planned to go to Shanghai as well. You can go there 113 a train. The trip from Nanjing to Shanghai will take less than two 114 (hour). You can also go there by coach, but it will take 115 (much) time.
In Hong Kong, there are some double-deckers 116 (run) around the city, but you can see few of them in Nanjing. Nanjing is developing fast. A report says the government will build a light rail（轻轨）connecting the airport and the downtown.
Yours,
Jack
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参考答案：
1．has started 2．the 3．through 4．to travel 5．exciting 6．cultures 7．getting 8．and 9．easily 10．will be
【导语】本文主要介绍了中老铁路从2023年4月13日起开始了跨境客运服务，并介绍了沿线的风景。
1．句意：自2023年4月13日起，中老铁路开通跨境的客运服务。根据“Since April 13, 2023”可知，句子用现在完成时have/has done，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has started。
2．句意：这条铁路始于云南省省会昆明，途经玉溪、普洱、西双版纳和中国的磨憨镇。the capital of“……的省会”。故填the。
3．句意：这条铁路始于云南省省会昆明，途经玉溪、普洱、西双版纳和中国的磨憨镇。根据“runs ... Yuxi, Pu’er, Xishuangbanna, and the town of Mohan in China.”可知，此处是指该铁路贯穿玉溪、普洱、西双版纳和中国的磨憨镇，run through“贯穿”。故填through。
4．句意：从昆明到普洱只需2小时46分钟，从昆明到西双版纳只需3小时24分钟。it takes time to do sth“做某事花多少时间”，空处用不定式。故填to travel。
5．句意：这是欣赏沿线不寻常的风景和丰富文化的令人兴奋的方式。此处修饰名词way，用形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”，作定语。故填exciting。
6．句意：这是欣赏沿线不寻常的风景和丰富文化的令人兴奋的方式。根据“rich ... along the line”可知，沿线的文化不止一种，空处用名词的复数形式。故填cultures。
7．句意：在普洱站下车后，游客既可以体验滇南茶马古道，又可以在半小时车程内欣赏茶园。After为介词，后跟动名词。故填getting。
8．句意：在普洱站下车后，游客既可以体验滇南茶马古道，又可以在半小时车程内欣赏茶园。根据“both experience the ancient tea-horse road in southern Yunnan ... enjoy the tea gardens”可知，此处是both ... and“既……又……”。故填and。
9．句意：从西双版纳站出发，游客可以很容易地到达野象谷。此处修饰动词get，用副词形式easily“容易地”。故填easily。
10．句意：如果你要去游览云南和老挝，乘坐中老铁路将是一个很好的选择。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时will do。故填will be。
11．our 12．surprised 13．from 14．because 15．manager 16．advice 17．using 18．Finally 19．rode 20．wonderful
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了上个暑假父亲带他去自己乡下的农场，发现那里没有快速的交通工具的经历。
11．句意：我父亲带我去了我们自己乡下的农场。根据空后名词farm“农场”可知，此空填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填our。
12．句意：当我们那天晚上到达时，我非常惊讶地看到他们拥有日常生活中的一切，但没有快速的交通工具。此空填形容词作表语表达作者的感受，故填surprised“感到惊讶的”。故填surprised。
13．句意：一天，我发现街对面有一个自行车站。across from英语短语，意为“在……的对面”。故填from。
14．句意：我去那里是因为我想骑自行车。“我去那里”和“我想骑自行车”之间是因果关系，后者表示原因。故填because。
15．句意：一位名叫汤姆的经理给了我一些如何使用智能手机骑自行车的建议。根据“named Tom”可知，此空指相关的人，manager“经理”符合题意，且空前不定冠词说明此空填名词单数。故填manager。
16．句意：一位名叫汤姆的经理给了我一些如何使用智能手机骑自行车的建议。advice“建议”是不可数名词，故填advice。
17．句意：一位名叫汤姆的经理给了我一些如何使用智能手机骑自行车的建议。介词by“通过”后用动名词形式。故填using。
18．句意：最后，在他的帮助之下，我拿到了一辆自行车。根据“...with his help, I got one.”可知，最后，在他的帮助之下，我拿到了一辆自行车；副词finally“最后”符合题意，注意首字母大写。故填Finally。
19．句意：我骑过街道。根据上下句动词形式“got”和“wanted”可知，用一般过去时。故填rode。
20．句意：他们中的大多数人说他们想要它，因为他们希望有一天能看看这个美妙的世界。根据空后的名词“world”可知，此空填形容词作定语。故填wonderful。
21．million 22．of/about 23．health 24．animals 25．their 26．will run 27．farther/further 28．to have 29．the 30．so
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了电动车的利弊。
21．句意：在2022年，售出了600多万辆电动汽车。six million electric cars“六百万电动汽车”，前有基数词six，此处million不加复数。故填million。
22．句意：上个月，我们询问了年轻读者对电动汽车的看法。这里表示“对电动车的看法”，think of“认为”，think about“考虑”，两者均可。故填of/about。
23．句意：这将减少空气污染，对我们的健康有好处。be good for sth“对……有好处”，此处用名词，health“健康”，名词。故填health。
24．句意：更清洁的空气也意味着死亡的动物会更少。animal“动物”，可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词复数。故填animals。
25．句意：电动汽车很贵，但价格正在下降。此处修饰名词prices，这里用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”，表示“电动汽车的价格”。故填their。
26．句意：不管怎样，我想总有一天我们将会用完汽油。根据“one day”可知，时态为一般将来时（will do）。故填will run。
27．句意：还有，你知道电动汽车花一美元可以比汽油车跑得更远吗？由“than”可知，此处用far的比较级。故填farther/further。
28．句意：这就不允许人们进行太长距离的旅行。allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，此处使用动词不定式。故填to have。
29．句意：更重要的是，在寒冷的天气里，电动汽车的电池不能像往常一样正常工作。根据“batteries in electric cars”可知，此处特指“电动汽车的电池”，用定冠词the。故填the。
30．句意：用过的电池对我们的家园有害，我们不能再利用它们，所以我们必须找到一些方法来正确处理它们。此处缺少连词，根据前句“...are bad for our home and we can’t reuse them”和后句“deal with”可知，前后是因果关系，前因后果，所以用so“所以”。故填so。
31．countries 32．since 33．in 34．amazed 35．finding 36．easier 37．to 38．rapidly 39．surprising 40．an
【导语】本文介绍了在南京学习的澳大利亚女孩莉莉对中国的看法，她认为中国发展很快，变化很大，中国在世界上扮演着重要角色。
31．句意：众所周知，中国近年来发展迅速，已成为世界上最重要的国家之一。根据“one of the most important”可知此处是“one of +形容词最高级+复数名词”结构，填country复数形式countries。故填countries。
32．句意：莉莉，一个澳大利亚女孩，从三年前就住在中国。句子是现在完成时，根据“three years ago”表时间点，可知此处填since“自从……”。故填since。
33．句意：她和她的朋友现在正在南京的一所大学学习工程师。此处填介词in“在……里面”，与“a university in Nanjing”构成介词短语，作状语。故填in。
34．句意：巨大的变化让她感到惊讶。此处填形容词作宾补；“her”指“人”，可知填amazed“惊奇的”。故填amazed。
35．句意：我认为在中国找工作比在澳大利亚更容易。此处填动名词作主语。故填finding。
36．句意：我认为在中国找工作比在澳大利亚更容易。根据“than”的比较结构可知此处填比较级。故填easier。
37．句意：在南京完成学业后，我将继续在这里工作。continue后接to do表示继续做另一件事情，后接doing表示接着做之前的事情；根据“…work…after I finish my school work”可知此处指“不同的二件事”，用不定式结构。故填to。
38．句意：它正在迅速地变化。此处填副词rapidly“快速地”修饰动词。故填rapidly。
39．句意：这成就令人惊讶。根据“The achievement”指“物”，可知填形容词surprising“令人惊讶的”，作表语。故填surprising。
40．句意：中国在世界上发挥着重要作用。根据“playing”和“important role”可知此处指“起重要重要”，表达为play an important role。故填an。
41．more 42．imagine 43．hours 44．with 45．ideas 46．building 47．run 48．Second 49．for 50．In
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要分享了解决大城市交通拥挤问题的几个措施。
41．句意：现在人们变得越来越富有，我们的城市里，汽车比以前多了。根据“than”，结合所给词“many”可知，此处考查形容词比较级，所以此处填more。故填more。
42．句意：你可以想象北京和其他大城市的交通拥堵问题，尤其是在交通高峰期。根据分析句子可知，情态动词may+动词原形，结合所给词，此处需要把名词imagination变为动词imagine，并保持原形。故填imagine。
43．句意：你可以想象北京和其他大城市的交通拥堵问题，尤其是在交通高峰期。根据句意，结合所给词“hour”可知，此处考查动词短语rush hour，意为“交通高峰期”，因为此处指的是北京和其他大城市的高峰期，所以hour要用复数形式hours。故填hours。
44．句意：所以政府必须采取一些措施来解决这个问题。根据“So the government (政府)has to do something to…”可知，此处应该是采取措施去处理交通问题。deal with意为“应对、解决”符合题意。故填with。
45．句意：我想和你们分享一些我对于这个问题的想法。根据“some”可知，后面的可数名词要用复数。故填ideas。
46．句意：首先政府应该投入更多的钱来修建公路。根据分析句子可知，此处考查固定用法：spend...(in) doing sth.“做某事花费……”，此处动名词作宾语。故填building。
47．句意：公路应该足够地宽阔来让车辆通行。根据分析句子可知，此处考查固定用法：let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故填run。
48．句意：第二，政府应该为人们增加更多的特殊公交线路。由前面的“First”可知，这里是指第二点，用序数词。故填Second。
49．句意：然后他们坐公交去任何想去的地方就会更方便。根据分析句子可知，此处考查固定句型：It be+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.“做某事对某人来说是……的”，所以空缺处应该填介词for。故填for。
50．句意：通过这种方式，路上的车辆会越来越少。根据分析句子可知，此处考查固定搭配：in this way“用这种方法”。句首注意首字母大写。故填In。
51．easiest 52．and 53．things 54．most popular 55．plays 56．them 57．choosing 58．over 59．If/When 60．sides
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要是说在马拉维，骑自行车是一种生活方式。
51．句意：但有时去某个地方最简单的方法是骑自行车。根据“the”可知此处指众多出行方式中最简单的方法，easy的最高级easiest，形容词作定语。故填easiest。
52．句意：今天，在非洲的许多地方，越来越多的人使用汽车。more and more people“越来越多的人”。故填and。
53．句意：然而，马拉维的情况却不同。根据“are”可知主语用复数things。故填things。
54．句意：自行车是这个非洲国家最受欢迎的交通工具。根据“the”及“in this African country”可知此处用形容词最高级，popular最高级most popular。故填most popular。
55．句意：在马拉维，骑自行车在人们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。根据上下文可知用一般现在时，Bike riding后接动词第三人称单数形式plays。故填plays。
56．句意：他们也用它们来载人。use后接人称代词宾格them。故填them。
57．句意：这些年来，选择一辆“自行车出租车”在马拉维旅行在世界各地的游客中非常流行。此处是动名词作主语。故填choosing。
58．句意：这些年来，选择一辆“自行车出租车”在马拉维旅行在世界各地的游客中非常流行。all over the world“在世界各地”。故填over。
59．句意：如果/当你去马拉维，你会发现很多自行车出租车在路边等着。根据“... you go to Malawi, you will find a lot of bike taxis waiting on ... (side) of the roads.”可知此处可用if引导条件状语从句，也可用when引导时间状语从句，句子开头首字母大写。故填If/When。
60．句意：如果/当你去马拉维，你会发现很多自行车出租车在路边等着。道路有两边，side用复数。故填sides。
61．better 62．cheaper 63．easier 64．more difficult 65．bigger 66．quieter
【导语】本文主要比较了摩托车和汽车，包括驾驶成本和便利程度等。
61．句意：我认为摩托车比汽车更好。根据“scooters are...(good) than cars”可知，空后是than，空处应用good的比较级形式，故填better。
62．句意：它们只需要一点汽油，所以它们更便宜。根据“They only want a little petrol (汽油), so they are...(cheap).”可知，摩托车只需要一点汽油，所以比汽车更便宜，空处应是cheap的比较级，故填cheaper。
63．句意：而且我认为它们更容易驾驶。easy的比较级是easier，故填easier。
64．句意：但它们并没有更难驾驶。difficult的比较级是more difficult，故填more difficult。
65．句意：汽车比摩托车更大，所以汽车能载更多人。空后是than，空处应是big的比较级形式bigger，故填bigger。
66．句意：我的汽车比摩托车、公共汽车或火车都要更安静。quiet的比较级是quieter，故填quieter。
67．born 68．themselves 69．experiments 70．Finally 71．to make 72．first 73．On 74．but 75．the 76．most important
【导语】本文主要介绍了莱特兄弟发明飞机的故事。
67．句意：威尔伯出生于1867年，奥维尔出生于1871年。根据“in 1867 and Orville in 1871.”可知， 这里是出生的日期，be born意为“出生”，因此应用bear的过去分词born。故填born。
68．句意：他们自学数学和工程学。动词短语teach oneself意为“自学”，they的反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
69．句意：他们开始用大风筝和滑翔机进行飞行实验。根据“decide to make their own plane.”可知，experiment为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式experiments。故填experiments。
70．句意：最后，他们决定制作属于他们自己的飞机。空格位于句首，此处应用副词修饰整个句子，final的副词为finally，首字母要大写。故填Finally。
71．句意：两兄弟非常努力地为他们的飞机制造了小型发动机和螺旋桨。“为他们的飞机制造小型发动机和螺旋桨”是“他们努力”的目的，应用动词make的不定式to make作目的状语。故填to make。
72．句意：他们的第一架飞机重达340公斤。根据“plane weighed 340 kilograms.”可知，这里指第一架飞机，用one的序数词first。故填first。
73．句意：1903年12月17日，奥维尔坐在飞机上，在北卡罗来纳州的基蒂霍克进行了成功的首次飞行。根据“17 December 1903”可知，具体日期前用介词on，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填On。
74．句意：他的飞行只持续了12秒，只飞行了37米，但这是人类第一次用动力飞行成功地将比空气更重的东西送入天空。分析句子结构可知，这里表示转折，用but连接。故填but。
75．句意：威尔伯也在同一天驾驶了这架飞机。根据“same day”可知， 这里指同一天，the same day表示“同一天”。故填the。
76．句意：莱特兄弟无疑是20世纪最重要的发明家之一。根据“of the 20th century”可知，此处应用形容词important的最高级the most important修饰名词inventors。故填most important。
77．things 78．were 79．So/And 80．dangerous 81．our 82．to have 83．an 84．fast 85．riding 86．for
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了作者乘坐交通工具的相关经历，并以此想告诉人们尽量少开车，污染就会减少，旨在培养学生的环保意识。
77．句意：这是我最喜欢做的事情之一。本句one of 表示“……之一”，后接可数名词复数。故填things。
78．句意：然而，当我长大后，路上有越来越多的小汽车、公共汽车和卡车，此处是there be句式，be动词的形式取决于后面的名词，more and more cars此处用复数形式，由grew可知，此处用一般过去时。故填were。
79．句意：所以/于是我很少骑自行车出去。本句前缺少连词，此处可用and表示“于是”或者so表示“所以”，表示结果，首字母大写。故填So/And。
80．句意：骑自行车和很多汽车和公共汽车在一起是很危险的。此处缺少表语，danger表示“危险”，是名词，其形容词为dangerous，表示“危险的”。故填dangerous。
81．句意：如今，越来越多的人开始骑自行车，他们认为这对我们的健康有好处，它能给我们带来快乐。此处缺少形容词性物主代词修饰health，our表示“我们的”，此处表示“我们的健康”。故填our。
82．句意：我决定再次在自行车上寻找快乐。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，此处的动词不定式用to have。故填to have。
83．句意：星期天，我花一个小时骑自行车去健身房，去超市或去公园。此处的hour表示“小时”，是可数名词，此处应用不定冠词修饰，表示“一小时”，hour是以元音音素开头，故填an。
84．句意：我从不骑得太快，我可以保护自己免受交通事故的伤害。此处需要副词修饰动词ride，fast表示“快地”，是副词。故填fast。
85．句意：事实上，骑自行车是游览城市的一种有趣的方式。此处缺少主语，由动名词短语作主语，ride的动名词形式是riding，riding bikes表示“骑自行车”这件事。故填riding。
86．句意：一些应用程序让每个人都能轻松、便宜地骑车。make it adj. for sb. to do sth.表示“使某人做某事是……”，此处用介词for。故填for。
87．at 88．was 89．hunger 90．a 91．their 92．to see 93．However 94．important 95．better 96．is trying
【导语】本文主要介绍了改革开放政策给中国带来的变化。
87．句意：国内外的人们都对中国的进步感到惊讶。固定短语be surprised at...“对……感到惊讶”。故填at。
88．句意：这真是太神奇了。此处主语It为第三人称单数，且为一般过去时，be动词需使用过去式。故填was。
89．句意：过去许多人死于饥饿和战争。because of后加名词，名词hunger“饥饿”。故填hunger。
90．句意：大多数人过着艰苦的生活。固定短语live a+adj. life“过着……的生活”。故填a。
91．句意：孩子们不能有自己的房间，年幼的孩子也很少有新衣服。根据“own room”可知此处用形容词性物主代词their“他们的”作定语。故填their。
92．句意：人们几乎没有钱看病。此处动词不定式作句子的目的状语，表达“人们没有钱去看医生。”故填to see。
93．句意：然而，1978年，中国实行了改革开放政策。根据“Most people lived a hard life.”和“China has developed rapidly since then.”可知前后段为转折关系，应填副词however“然而”，位于句首需首字母大写。故填However。
94．句意：这是中国人民的一个重要转折点。根据“...an...turning point”可知此处需填形容词作定语，形容词important“重要的”。故填important。
95．句意：现在，人们的生活好多了。根据“...people’s life is much...”可知此处需填形容词比较级，good的比较级为better“更好”。故填better。
96．句意：越来越多的人开始过上幸福的生活，因为国家正在尽力帮助贫困地区。根据“More people begin to have a happy life because the country...its best to help poor areas. China also pays great attention to compulsory（义务的）education.”可知此处表达“中国正在尽力帮助贫困地区。”应用现在进行时，其结构为am/is/are doing，此处主语为the country，因而使用is。故填is trying。
97．invented 98．ones 99．making 100．easily 101．second 102．parts 103．by 104．the most 105．for 106．because
【导语】本文主要介绍了为什么汽车对美国人的生活那么重要，分别从三个方面进行了说明。
97．句意：人们在上个世纪发明了汽车。根据“in the last century”可知，此句为一般过去时，谓语动词invent“发明”使用过去式。故填invented。
98．句意：这里有三个原因。根据“three”可知，one应用复数形式ones。故填ones。
99．句意：首先，这个国家很大，美国人喜欢到处旅行。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动词make应用动名词形式making。故填making。
100．句意：有了汽车，他们可以很容易地去任何地方。分析“they can go anywhere...”可知，此处使用副词easily“容易地”修饰动词“go”。故填easily。
101．句意：第二个原因是火车在美国从来没有像在世界其他地方那样普遍。根据“The...reason is that...”和下文“The third reason”可知，此处指第二个原因，使用序数词second“第二”。故填second。
102．句意：第二个原因是火车在美国从来没有像在世界其他地方那样普遍。“other”后接可数名词的复数形式。故填parts。
103．句意：更重要的是，如果美国人乘飞机旅行，他们必须支付很多钱。根据“travel...plane”可知，此处应用by plane“乘飞机”。故填by。
104．句意：第三个原因是最重要的一个。根据语境可知，此处把第三个原因和前两个原因进行比较，三者的比较应用最高级，the most important为最高级形式。故填the most。
105．句意：美国人不喜欢等公共汽车甚至飞机。wait for“等待”，固定短语。故填for。
106．句意：他们喜欢汽车，因为他们想随时旅行。分析“They like cars...they want to travel at any time.”可知，前后两句是因果关系，前果后因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
107．travelling 108．on/about 109．fastest 110．has been 111．will stay 112．a 113．on 114．hours 115．more 116．running
【导语】本文是杰克写给马克的一封信。因为马克假期要来南京，所以杰克向马克介绍如何游玩南京。包括到南京的交通工具选择，旅游需要注意的事项等。
107．句意：你说你想了解一下在南京旅行的情况。about是介词，介词后面接动名词。故填travelling。
108．句意：对了，这里有一些关于如何在南京周围旅行的建议。advice on/about意为“某方面的忠告、建议”，介词on和about意为“关于”。故填on/about。
109．句意：当然，来南京最快的方式是坐飞机。根据下文提到地铁、火车等交通工具可知，飞机是最快的交通方式，所以用fast的最高级fastest。故填fastest。
110．句意：自从2005年，南京的地铁已经投入使用。根据时间状语“since 2005”可知，时态是现在完成时。现在完成时结构：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词。主语“The underground”是单数，所以助动词用has。be的过去分词为been。故填has been。
111．句意：我想知道你会在南京待多久，对什么地方感兴趣。结合全文根据第一句“I am so glad that you will come to Nanjing during the holiday.”可知，马克要来南京，所以是要在南京待一段时间，时态要用一般将来时。故填will stay。
112．句意：租一辆出租车是个好主意。根据空后短语“good idea好主意”可知，此处是指一个好主意，所以用不定冠词，good是辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
113．句意：你可以坐火车去那里。根据句意可知，本句要表达“乘火车”，空格后有不定冠词a，所以用短语on a train。故填on。
114．句意：从南京到上海不到两个小时。空格前面有基数词two，故接可数名词复数hours。故填hours。
115．句意：你也可以坐长途汽车去，但要花更多的时间。根据上文“You can go there…a train.”可知，上文提到的交通工具是火车。把长途汽车和火车相比，所以用much的比较级more。故填more。
116．句意：在香港，有一些双层车在城市里行驶，但是你在南京几乎看不到它们。根据句意可知，本句包含句型：There be sth. doing sth.，意为“有某物正在做某事”。run的ing形式为running。故填running。
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