2025北京版新教材英语高考第一轮
人与社会·社会服务与人际沟通
主题六 人际关系
词汇清单
基 础 词 汇 名词: trait特性,品质 niece侄女 nephew侄子 humour幽默感 appointment约会 progression变化 angle角 dorm学生宿舍 mate伙伴 feedback反馈 invitation邀请 engagement参与 principle原则 educationalist教育家 intention意图 tense时态 manner方式 app应用程序 motivation动力 stimulation刺激 alcoholic酗酒者 topic话题 innovation革新 competitor选手 clarity清晰 behalf代表
动词: host主办 handle处理 belong属于 pour倒,灌 drag拖,拉 highlight突出显示 defend保护 flow流动 dominate主宰,支配 delay推迟 contrast形成对比 bend弯腰 organise组织 obsess使痴迷 scroll上下滚动
形容词、副词: outgoing外向的 incredible难以置信的 extraordinary异乎寻常的distracted心神不定的 grateful感激的 worthwhile值得做的 upset烦恼的 rude无理的 reserved含蓄的 ashamed羞愧的 sensitive敏感的 intense紧张的 depressed沮丧的 desperate绝望的 hard wired天生的 extremely极度 constantly持续不断地 barely几乎不 sincerely真诚地
词 汇 变 形 practice n.实践 →practical adj.实际的 passion n.热情 →passionate adj.热爱的 present v.呈现 →presentation n.报告 prefer v.更喜欢 →preference n.偏好 demand v.要求 →demanding adj.要求严格的 complain v.抱怨 →complaint n.投诉 appoint v.约定 →appointment n.约会 invite v.邀请 →invitation n.邀请 fluency n.流畅 →fluent adj.流畅的 engage v.参与 →engagement n.参与 approve v.赞成 →approval n.赞许 →approving adj.赞成的
主 题 词 块 explain things with practical examples and in simple language 用实际的例子和简单的语言解释事物 set off出发;引起 lack confidence in oneself对自己缺乏信心 point out mistakes指出错误 negative feedback消极的反馈 post updates on social media 在社交媒体上更新信息 associate with与……联系 in reality在现实中 chase after追逐 give a presentation to the class给全班做报告 bad behaviour不良行为 set up an experiment做实验 the path to success成功之路 have access to children's minds 有机会走进孩子们的心灵 talk to sb. face to face与某人面对面交谈 raise further questions提出更深刻的问题 set deadlines for oneself为自己设定截止时间 obsess over对……过分担心
即练即清
一、选词填空
阅读下列句子,选择恰当的词或短语,并用其正确形式填空。其中有一项为多余选项。
A
humour principle presentation innovation competitor behaviour
1. Athletes are not only , but good friends—that's a main attraction of the Olympics.
2. They learn the of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.
3. Humans start developing a sense of as early as six weeks old, when babies begin to laugh and smile in response to stimuli (刺激物).
4. Once, when Mother told him I needed a new party dress, he brought home a dozen. His
often left us without money for other more important things.
5. From coffee to refrigerator, history is filled with that caused resistance before they became a necessity in everyday life.
B
handle dominate host pour have access to lack confidence in
6. How can we raise kids strong enough the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life
7. By World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government showcased its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment.
8. To ensure the smooth running of the project, elected volunteers would be in charge. You would all these volunteers and they would like to answer any questions you may have.
9. Chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick, has gone viral recently. There are many steps, from grinding tea for fine powder, to boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫), and finally drawing patterns. (2023海淀一模)
10. How the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.
C
contrast defend delay point out associate with chase after
11. A strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell
danger. (2022北京)
12. Some anthropologists (人类学家) that the love between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.
13. Students who writing their assignments and leave them until the last minute put themselves under unnecessary pressure, and may risk giving in to the temptation of cheating.
14. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and to put that event into context.
15. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players—how they use their bodies to pass, score and can be amazing to see—or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist. (外研B2U3)
D
incredible worthwhile grateful ashamed sensitive desperate
16. Although he forgave me at last, I felt of myself.
17. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more and mysterious. (外研XB4U5)
18. Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA).
(2019北京)
19. For Greg's children, they will be forever for their dad teaching them “to focus on the positive parts of the day, looking for ways that we can express gratitude for everyday things”.
20. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his friends were slapping him on the back. (人教XB2U5)
二、词汇变形
阅读下列句子,用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。
21. Students should take courses they think (practice) and follow their interests.
22. All the teachers in the app are (passion) about their work, so it's an excellent way to foster the same passion in your kids.
23. If you bottle up your feelings and continue listening to repeated (complain), you may grow annoyed or start avoiding the person.
24. Those who still require their phones for some reason must get their parents' and teachers'
(approve) and must hand their phones over during class time.
25. People relying heavily on others for support are seen as needy and (demand).
能力提升练
一、听后记录并转述(改编自北师XB1U1 Lesson 2)
第一节 听后记录
听两遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上,每空只需填写一个词。
How to Give Feedback to Others
Be less direct and more encouraging Point out others' mistakes or 1. indirectly. Use some encouraging words.
Be effective Talk to people face to face. Use some 2. examples.
Be specific Avoid giving very 3. comments such as... 4. some specific suggestions.
第二节 听后转述
听第三遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,完成转述。
Sam Smith gives us some tips on how to give feedback to others...
二、朗读短文回答问题(改编自北师XB1U1 Lesson 1)
朗读短文,根据短文内容口头回答问题。
I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
I know that I wasn't a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I tried to explain science to an audience and now it's my job!
Question 1: What did I think of science before Mr Jenkins taught me
Question 2: How did Mr Jenkins explain difficult things
Question 3: List two reasons why Mr Jenkins asked me to give a presentation to the class.
三、阅读表达(改编自北师XB1U1 Reading Club 1)
Peer Pressure
In our life, we all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community. Peer pressure can happen when we are influenced to do something that we would not usually do because we want to be accepted by our peers. Children and young adults especially feel social pressure to conform(符合) to the peer group.
Peer pressure can influence how people dress, how they talk, what music they listen to, what attitudes they adopt and how they behave. Teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted, which means peer pressure can be powerful and hard to resist. People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to seek their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path. In one study, a student who knew the correct answer to a question actually gave the wrong answer because all the others in the class gave the wrong answer and he didn't want to be different.
Peer pressure definitely plays a role in bullying. If a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a target for bullies. Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend. Unfortunately, some bullies are popular and may even lead the peer group, which means others are less likely to challenge their behaviour.
What can students do to avoid peer pressure The most important thing is to build up self confidence, so that it is easier to say “no” to the peer group. It's also important for young people to think about the consequences of their actions. If they give in to peer pressure, what could be the result If they stop and think about the consequences, they might make a different decision.
1. When does peer pressure usually happen
2. Why is peer pressure powerful and hard to resist
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
If a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a bully.
4. Please briefly present your own solution(s) to peer pressure. (In about 40 words)
人与社会·社会服务与人际沟通
主题六 人际关系
即练即清
一、选词填空
阅读下列句子,选择恰当的词或短语,并用其正确形式填空。其中有一项为多余选项。
A
humour principle presentation innovation competitor behaviour
1. Athletes are not only , but good friends—that's a main attraction of the Olympics.
2. They learn the of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators.
3. Humans start developing a sense of as early as six weeks old, when babies begin to laugh and smile in response to stimuli (刺激物).
4. Once, when Mother told him I needed a new party dress, he brought home a dozen. His
often left us without money for other more important things.
5. From coffee to refrigerator, history is filled with that caused resistance before they became a necessity in everyday life.
答案
1. competitors 2. principles 3. humour 4. behaviour 5. innovations
B
handle dominate host pour have access to lack confidence in
6. How can we raise kids strong enough the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life
7. By World Environment Day 2019, the Chinese government showcased its innovation and progress toward a cleaner environment.
8. To ensure the smooth running of the project, elected volunteers would be in charge. You would all these volunteers and they would like to answer any questions you may have.
9. Chabaixi, an ancient Chinese tea trick, has gone viral recently. There are many steps, from grinding tea for fine powder, to boiled water, stirring the mixture for thick froth(泡沫), and finally drawing patterns. (2023海淀一模)
10. How the Internet develops will shape our future. If the past 50 years by free and open exchanges, the next 50 will be about whether rules and restrictions can actually make the Internet, and the world, a better place.
答案
6. to handle 7. hosting 8. have access to 9. pouring 10. has been dominated
C
contrast defend delay point out associate with chase after
11. A strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell
danger. (2022北京)
12. Some anthropologists (人类学家) that the love between children and parents found in modern societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.
13. Students who writing their assignments and leave them until the last minute put themselves under unnecessary pressure, and may risk giving in to the temptation of cheating.
14. Authors use different structures for different purposes. For example, one author may use time order to explain an event, while another author uses compare and to put that event into context.
15. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players—how they use their bodies to pass, score and can be amazing to see—or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist. (外研B2U3)
答案
11. associated with 12. point out 13. delay 14. contrast 15. defend
D
incredible worthwhile grateful ashamed sensitive desperate
16. Although he forgave me at last, I felt of myself.
17. The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more and mysterious. (外研XB4U5)
18. Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA).
(2019北京)
19. For Greg's children, they will be forever for their dad teaching them “to focus on the positive parts of the day, looking for ways that we can express gratitude for everyday things”.
20. A fellow diner at the restaurant, Zhang Tao, was choking on some steak. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his friends were slapping him on the back. (人教XB2U5)
答案
16. ashamed 17. incredible 18. worthwhile 19. grateful 20. desperate
二、词汇变形
阅读下列句子,用括号里所给词的正确形式填空。
21. Students should take courses they think (practice) and follow their interests.
22. All the teachers in the app are (passion) about their work, so it's an excellent way to foster the same passion in your kids.
23. If you bottle up your feelings and continue listening to repeated (complain), you may grow annoyed or start avoiding the person.
24. Those who still require their phones for some reason must get their parents' and teachers'
(approve) and must hand their phones over during class time.
25. People relying heavily on others for support are seen as needy and (demand).
答案
21. practical 22. passionate plaints 24. approval 25. demanding
能力提升练
一、听后记录并转述(改编自北师XB1U1 Lesson 2)
第一节 听后记录
听两遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上,每空只需填写一个词。
How to Give Feedback to Others
Be less direct and more encouraging Point out others' mistakes or 1. indirectly. Use some encouraging words.
Be effective Talk to people face to face. Use some 2. examples.
Be specific Avoid giving very 3. comments such as... 4. some specific suggestions.
答案
1. problems 2. practical 3. general 4. Offer
第二节 听后转述
听第三遍短文,根据所听内容和提示,完成转述。
Sam Smith gives us some tips on how to give feedback to others...
答案
Sam Smith gives us some tips on how to give feedback to others.
Firstly, be less direct and more encouraging. We need to point out others' mistakes or problems indirectly, because other people will feel quite hurt by negative feedback. Also, we can use some encouraging words. Our kind and encouraging words will inspire others.
Secondly, be effective. We should talk to people face to face. During the face to face communication, people will realize where their problems are and how they can improve. Using some practical examples will make our feedback more effective.
Finally, be specific. We should avoid giving very general comments such as “good, excellent, well done”. Most people want to get some useful advice when listening to feedback. So we should offer some specific suggestions.
二、朗读短文回答问题(改编自北师XB1U1 Lesson 1)
朗读短文,根据短文内容口头回答问题。
I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school, but I often think about him. Before Mr Jenkins taught me, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I found it all so boring and difficult. But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
I know that I wasn't a willing student, but I wasn't slow to learn new things. The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself. Mr Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. I was interested in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a presentation to the class. That was really the first time I tried to explain science to an audience and now it's my job!
Question 1: What did I think of science before Mr Jenkins taught me
Question 2: How did Mr Jenkins explain difficult things
Question 3: List two reasons why Mr Jenkins asked me to give a presentation to the class.
答案
1. A subject full of strange words.
2. With lots of practical examples and in simple language.
3. ①Because he wanted to make me feel that I had my own strengths. ②Because I was interested in the study of the stars and planets.
三、阅读表达(改编自北师XB1U1 Reading Club 1)
Peer Pressure
In our life, we all want to be part of a group and feel like we belong to our community. Peer pressure can happen when we are influenced to do something that we would not usually do because we want to be accepted by our peers. Children and young adults especially feel social pressure to conform(符合) to the peer group.
Peer pressure can influence how people dress, how they talk, what music they listen to, what attitudes they adopt and how they behave. Teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted, which means peer pressure can be powerful and hard to resist. People who are low in confidence and unsure of themselves may be more likely to seek their peers' approval by going along with risky suggestions or choosing the “wrong” path. In one study, a student who knew the correct answer to a question actually gave the wrong answer because all the others in the class gave the wrong answer and he didn't want to be different.
Peer pressure definitely plays a role in bullying. If a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a target for bullies. Bullies pick easy targets—people who are outside the peer group and whom the group is unlikely to defend. Unfortunately, some bullies are popular and may even lead the peer group, which means others are less likely to challenge their behaviour.
What can students do to avoid peer pressure The most important thing is to build up self confidence, so that it is easier to say “no” to the peer group. It's also important for young people to think about the consequences of their actions. If they give in to peer pressure, what could be the result If they stop and think about the consequences, they might make a different decision.
1. When does peer pressure usually happen
2. Why is peer pressure powerful and hard to resist
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
If a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a bully.
4. Please briefly present your own solution(s) to peer pressure. (In about 40 words)
答案
1. Peer pressure can happen when we are influenced to do something that we would not usually do because we want to be accepted by our peers.
2. Because teenagers want to be liked, to fit in and to be accepted.
3. If a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a bully.
According to the passage, if a teenager is seen as different by the majority of their peers, they can become a target for bullies.
4. One possible version:
I will choose my friends wisely to avoid peer pressure. It's a good idea for me to surround myself with positive role models—people who don't make fun of others, but accept others and are confident themselves.
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