2025北京版新教材英语高考第一轮
人与社会
主题群三 社会服务与人际沟通
五年高考
完形填空
Cloze(2019北京) 主题 公益事业 词数 250
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 1 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 2 his car to the young people, Wilson has 3 an astonishing 64,000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 4 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's 5 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 6 call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern 7 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 8 .“It's not just a ride;you're not just sitting there in 9 silence or with your headphones on,” Stern said.“He asks you questions and actually 10 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll 11 those things.”
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation, On Point for College. Although the 12 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 13 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to 14 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 15 to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely 16 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to 17 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 18 them to complete their education—but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 19 .“I just love driving, and I love these kids,” Wilson said. “It's such a(n) 20 to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.”
1. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
2. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
3. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
4. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations
5. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted
6. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
7. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
8. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
9. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
10. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
11. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
12. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
13. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
14. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn
15. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
16. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
17. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
18. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
19. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
20. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
阅读理解
Passage 1(2021北京,B) 主题 志愿服务 词数 339
I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester (学期) project of volunteering at a non-profit organization. When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help, my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children (OIC). My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.
Then, an OIC representative gave us some details, which somewhat interested me. After doing some research, I believed that we could really do something for those kids. When I went online to the OIC website, I saw pictures of the Iraqi children. Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair (绝望) and need that I joined this project without hesitation. We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child.
The most rewarding day for our group was project day, when all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together. When I saw the various supplies we had collected, it hit me that every kit we were to build that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child. Over the past four months, I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed. While making the kits, I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it. I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good grade on. When the kits were completed, and ready to be sent overseas, the warm feeling I had was one I would never forget.
In the beginning, I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person. Now that our project is over, I realize that I have affected not only one life, but ten. With our efforts, ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education.
1. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning
A. It would affect his/her initial plans.
B. It would involve traveling overseas.
C. It would not bring him/her a good grade.
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations.
2. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project
A. Images of Iraqi children. B. Research by his/her classmates.
C. A teacher's introduction. D. A representative's comments.
3. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to .
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
4. What can we conclude from this passage
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated.
B. First impression cannot always be trusted.
C. Actions speak louder than words.
D. He who hesitates is lost.
Passage 2(2019北京,A) 主题 志愿服务 词数 291
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA). Whatever stage of life you're at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Country Schedule
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul.-1 Aug. 20 Jun.-7 Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul.-20 Aug. 19 Jun.-6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul.-16 Aug. 18 Jun.-5 Aug.
South Africa 2 Aug.-29 Aug. 15 Jun.-2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website:www.glodeve.org
Email:humanresources@glodeve.org
1. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A. To seek local partners.
B. To take in young volunteers.
C. To carry out programmes.
D. To foster cultural awareness.
2. The programme beginning in August will operate in .
A. Egypt B. Algeria
C. Kenya D. South Africa
3. The shared goal of GDA's projects is to .
A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefits D. help communities in need
七选五
Passage(2019北京) 主题 包容与合作 词数 303
Much of the work in today's world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 1. Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent
2. They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team's performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn't evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions.3. In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” 4.
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛),whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5. An A-team may require a balance—not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.
A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
阅读表达
Passage(2021北京) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 316
Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved, the emotional response tied to it is significantly reduced or almost completely erased. Thus, it may be worth bringing up issues with your friends, family members, or classmates rather than holding them back.
There is a difference between arguing and fighting. Arguing is that you and your opponent present your concerns and discuss the feelings and issues related to those concerns. You can engage in an argument respectfully without stirring up (激起) anger. Fighting, however, usually involves personal attacks, raising of voices, and storming out.
Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your emotional health. In a study, 2,000 people were asked to record their feelings and experiences for eight days in a row. When people had an argument that they considered resolved, they had half the reactivity (情绪反应) of those who avoided an argument. Reactivity is an increase in negative emotions or a decrease in positive emotions. In other words, resolving an argument cuts your negative feelings by half. One day later, people who had a resolved argument reported no increase of negative emotions compared with those who avoided an argument. This means that resolving an argument can feel like you have reached a state of resolution—and you are less likely to be annoyed.
Moreover, the older you are, the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument. This may be because more life experience usually leads to more defined priorities. You are more likely to distinguish between what matters and what does not.
It is easier to avoid a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome.
1. According to this passage, what is arguing
2. Why is it that “the older you are, the more likely you will come to a resolution after an argument”
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Resolving arguments can improve your emotional health, because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry.
4. In addition to improving emotional health, what do you think are some other benefits of resolving an argument (In about 40 words)
书面表达
Writing(2021北京)主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出,你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1. 表达歉意并说明原因;
2. 提出建议并给出理由。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
三年模拟
完形填空
Cloze 1(2023海淀期中) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 216
A couple in Italy who met at a nightly balcony concert during the coronavirus lockdown are becoming a modern-day Romeo and Juliet in the same city where Shakespeare's story of unfortunate lovers took place.
Edda Farina and Marco Colombo 1 each other during one of the regular 6:00 pm 2 concerts designed to cheer up the community.
Edda initially noticed Marco when she stepped outside to his violin 3 on his balcony. She said, “The music was like an arrow fired by Cupid.” Marco, who also fell in love at first sight, tracked Edda down on social media. The two kept 4 each other till one day Marco made a big banner to hang from the top floor of his building with Edda's name on it to 5 his love for her.
They then had their first date in a park as the restrictions were 6 in May. It turned out the couple had lived in the same neighbourhood for much of their lives, but it 7 a global pandemic to finally bring them together. Perhaps the fact that the couple could lean on each other during the lockdown meant that they had built a 8 foundation before they met up. As Marco shared on his social media, “We are considering a wedding ceremony on the large roof of my apartment building, which would 9 since we met on our balconies.”
Finally a balcony love story that ends happily—one Shakespeare himself could never have 10 !
1. A. greeted B. recognized C. spotted D. monitored
2. A. balcony B. charity C. folk D. square
3. A. studio B. talent C. practice D. performance
4. A. consulting B. messaging C. dating D. visiting
5. A. seek B. declare C. share D. win
6. A. lifted B. announced C. introduced D. rejected
7. A. caused B. deserved C. needed D. took
8. A. sound B. material C. fresh D. basic
9. A. work out B. take effect C. make sense D. pay off
10. A. understood B. adopted C. edited D. anticipated
Cloze 2(2023朝阳期中) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 235
The moment Kareem went into the waiting room, his nervousness increased dramatically. Mateo, his opponent, was sitting there, with his 1 resting on his knee. The two would 2 for the last opening at the music school. Kareem could tell Mateo was 3 , just like he'd always been.
Kareem sat and closed his eyes, trying to ignore Mateo's calmness, a sharp contrast to his own 4 . To relieve the tension, Kareem began tuning his guitar.
Suddenly a deafening noise came and Kareem froze at the noise. A broken E string 5 from Kareem's guitar. He'd over-tightened the string, causing it to break. Then, he 6 his bag for another set of strings. 7 , Kareem brought no strings for replacement.
As his turn was approaching, Kareem felt 8 . Now there was no choice. He stood up slowly and walked to Mateo,“Would you happen to have a spare E string ”
Mateo shook his head, “Sorry.” Kareem nodded and whispered that he understood.
Just then Kareem's name was called. He was rooted to the ground and was about to quit when he noticed Mateo's arm outstretched, holding his guitar out to him.
“Here, use mine,” Kareem's jaw 9 as Mateo added, “Do your best, man.”
The professor asked Kareem what to play. He hesitated, “I'll be playing Bach's ‘Bourrée in E minor', with my... my friend's guitar.”
As Kareem walked toward the stage door, he looked back at Mateo with a shared 10 as if to say they were friends.
1. A. coat B. phone C. guitar D. book
2. A. compete B. vote C. argue D. stand
3. A. active B. popular C. ready D. proud
4. A. sorrow B. anxiety C. shame D. anger
5. A. showed up B. came back C. fell apart D. hung down
6. A. spotted B. searched C. packed D. held
7. A. Simply B. Naturally C. Sadly D. Seriously
8. A. hopeless B. careless C. guilty D. lonely
9. A. hurt B. shut C. watered D. dropped
10. A. smile B. hope C. interest D. view
Cloze 3(2023东城期末) 主题 志愿服务 词数 208
Jennifer finds Cecelia reading a newspaper alone in the room. “Hi Cecelia, do you 1 me Jennifer.” The 91-year-old resident at Newburgh Elder Care Center says a friendly hello, but doesn't seem to recognize Jennifer today.
It's one nice spring afternoon. Jennifer invites Cecelia to go down to the 2 . She helps Cecelia head to the elevator. Cecelia wheels herself forward, as Jennifer 3 guides her from behind.
The two have been getting to know each other over the past few months since Jennifer, the recent Boston University graduate, began to volunteer in the center, 4 residents with Alzheimer's disease (阿尔茨海默病).
Down in the courtyard, Cecelia begins reading a poem, slowly and lyrically (抒情地). Jennifer listens attentively, and then asks if Cecelia knows who wrote the poem,to help her with a “ 5 stretch”. Together, they reflect on the poem's meaning. Cecelia's deep understanding of the poem suggests that she is such a 6 lady. Jennifer tells Cecelia, “You're the one who makes me 7 coming here every week. I love learning from you. You're like my teacher.”
“You give the old people a 8 to think and to know they get good care,” Cecelia replies.
Jennifer's relationship with Cecelia has played an important role in 9 her passion for looking after older generations. “We should take time to listen to them. Just listening is an act of 10 ,” Jennifer says.
1. A. hear B. understand C. trust D. remember
2. A. courtyard B. center C. elevator D. room
3. A. bravely B. lightly C. gratefully D. immediately
4. A. relying on B. looking into C. appealing to D. caring for
5. A. hand B. leg C. brain D. back
6. A. frank B. wise C. modest D. humorous
7. A. look forward to B. pay attention to C. give in to D. object to
8. A. dream B. method C. chance D. plan
9. A. rediscovering B. exchanging C. consuming D. shaping
10. A. friendship B. kindness C. loyalty D. courage
Cloze 4(2023西城期末) 主题 公益事业 词数 281
Olivia, 9, was shy at first. She'd never been on a horse before. So when she was asked to feed carrots to the reddish-brown horse named Charlie on a summer Saturday, she approached 1 , unsure of herself at times, turning around to a group of children waiting for their turn to feed him.
Olivia eventually made it to the horse's mouth and Charlie licked (舔) her hands as she 2 him his favorite treat. Olivia was amused.
“That's what I call a(n) 3 ,” said Sabrina, a social worker who has teamed up with the community organization Alkebu-lan Village to help children overcome their problems and keep them on paths to 4 .
“I'm excited,” Olivia said smiling. “I love petting him.”
The program “Stop Horsing Around” at Alkebu-lan Village was launched this summer with over a dozen kids signing up. They were taught how to approach, feed, brush, and mount the horses 5 eventually they got a chance to ride them.
By 6 the program's horses with Sabrina's help and forming 7 with them, children become more self-aware and then begin to recognize and face negative feelings and behaviors, which can help them communicate with others and lead to significant positive changes to their 8 skills, self-worth and behavior issues.
Sabrina first taught the children that Charlie needed to become 9 with them by smelling their hands. Once Charlie was comfortable, the kids learned how to pet his face and head, and then how to use the lead rope, clean up Charlie's messes, and feed him carrots.
Olivia wasn't the only kid who was nervous and shy at the beginning. But ultimately Olivia also wasn't the only kid to leave more confident. Their 10 consistently turned into smiles, laughter and excitement.
1. A. happily B. calmly C. slowly D. directly
2. A. fed B. left C. made D. threw
3. A. award B. exchange C. negotiation D. breakthrough
4. A. fame B. success C. responsibility D. freedom
5. A. before B. after C. as D. though
6. A. taking over B. walking with C. caring for D. responding to
7. A. routines B. bonds C. judgements D. ideas
8. A. technical B. survival C. organizational D. social
9. A. popular B. familiar C. satisfied D. patient
10. A. resistance B. disappointment C. misunderstanding D. hesitation
阅读理解
Passage 1(2024届朝阳期中,B) 主题 公益事业与志愿服务 词数 367
Brian Peterson had just moved to California. Outside his apartment, a homeless man was often shouting on the street corner, sometimes keeping him awake at night. Peterson would pass the guy on his way to work, but they never spoke.
One day, Peterson was reading the book Love Does when he was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book's compassionate (有同情心的) message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: He was going to go outside and introduce himself. The homeless man was Matt Faris. He'd moved to California to pursue a career in music, but he ended up living on the street.
“It was the strangest thing to me,” Peterson recalled. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn't shaved or taken a shower in probably a year. But his story inspired me.” And even though Peterson, an art school graduate, hadn't painted in about eight years, he asked if he could paint Faris's portrait (肖像). Faris said yes.
This experience led Peterson to form Faces of Santa Ana, a non-profit organization focused on befriending and painting portraits of unhoused people. Peterson sells the portraits, putting the income into what he calls a “love account” for his model. He then helps people use the money to get back on their feet.
Many of Peterson's new friends use the donations to secure immediate necessities—medical care, hotel rooms, and food. Faris used the funds from his portrait to record an album (专辑), realizing his musical dreams. Another subject, Sondoval, who had never been able to financially support her daughter, used the money to pay her daughter's rent.
Since Faces of Santa Ana was established, Peterson has painted 41 of all the portraits. But there's more to the finished products than the money they bring to someone who's down and out. He's discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise stereotyped (持固有观念) or overlooked. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now,'” Peterson says. “I didn't know that would happen.”
1. How did Peterson feel about the homeless man after reading the book
A. Annoyed. B. Amazed.
C. Concerned. D. Confused.
2. After talking with Faris, Peterson decided to .
A. pay for his rent B. record an album
C. go to an art school D. paint his portrait
3. How did Peterson help the homeless
A. He founded a non-profit organization.
B. He bought immediate necessities for them.
C. He donated money to related organizations.
D. He taught them how to realize their dreams.
4. What can we learn from the passage
A. Prejudice blocks dreams. B. Wealth can make people wise.
C. Sympathy can break stereotypes. D. Actions speak louder than words.
Passage 2(2024届高三入学定位考,B) 主题 公益事业与志愿服务 词数 372
Horseback Riding
Fourth-grader Maliah McCaster strolled into her classroom at Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Elementary School in New York, holding a toy pony.
In just a few hours she would board a school bus alongside her classmates and head out for a morning of horseback riding. The activity comes through a partnership with Victoria Acres Equine Facility in Guilderland, which offers a therapeutic riding program to empower individuals with disabilities.
Special education teacher Morgan Grimm said the activity, which takes place twice a week, has allowed Maliah, who has autism, to connect with others and enjoy a learning environment outside of a traditional classroom.
“She's a super sensory girl. On the days that we're not here, she's seeking a lot more attention and her behaviors are a bit increased. But on the days we come back from the farm, she's a lot calmer,” Grimm said. “We're seeing an increase in her making sentences and her overall language.”
The 10-year-old is one of four students with autism who are participating in the pilot program, officially launched at the Guilderland farm earlier in the spring. They recently had their fourth riding session.
Victoria Acres, founded in 2012, provides more than 2,300 riding lessons and therapies every year. The recent addition of an indoor riding facility has allowed the nonprofit to expand its programs year-round, providing an average of 48 lessons per afternoon.
Despite the busy schedule, the farm pays extra attention to the health and well-being of its eight therapy horses, ensuring each animal participates in a maximum of three half-hour sessions each day. Many of the animals are older, which makes them especially suitable for therapy due to their gentle, calm nature.
Like other nonverbal students, Avery uses a “tap-tap” motion to signal the horse to move forward. His feet barely reach the stirrups, but he looks at ease and confident as he rocks back and forth atop the gentle giant.
“He looks like a cowboy,” said Kristin Munrett, principal of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Elementary.
As the children explored the property with their support staff, pointing at the donkeys and watching the horses graze, it was clear why the executive director of the nonprofit, Erin Pashley, called it her happy place.
1. According to the passage, the horseback riding program is designed to .
A. cure children's physical disabilities
B. develop children's interest in learning
C. treat children's communication disorder
D. promote children's relationship with animals
2. Besides offering lessons, Victoria Acres Equine Facility also values .
A. the state of animals on the farm B. the training of the working staff
C. the build-up of children's character D. the feedback of the trained children
3. How did the children feel while they were on horseback
A. Afraid but proud. B. Relaxed and confident.
C. Nervous but happy. D. Calm and concentrated.
4. What can we learn from the passage
A. Freedom is the key to self-confidence.
B. Love is to growth what water is to seeds.
C. Passion is the greatest mentor worldwide.
D. Diligence and perseverance lead to success.
Passage 3(2024届高三入学定位考,C) 主题 公益事业与志愿服务 词数 464
Research from the University of Pennsylvania has shown that social media users are likely to share posts that contain information that they feel is relevant to themselves or to the people they know. In other words, people share posts that they believe to have value—either to themselves or to their relationships with others.
A new study has found that merely encouraging people to consider the value led to increased activity in the areas of the brain associated with sharing decisions and increased a person's motivation to share an article.
“A lot of prior research on what makes posts go viral has focused on identifying the characteristics of messages that are shared often or not shared often,” says lead author Christin Scholz. “We're looking at the neural mechanisms of sharing decisions. Targeting those mechanisms could be a way to encourage the spread of high-quality health information.”
During the study, led by senior author Emily Falk, participants were instructed to consider sharing articles about healthy living from The New York Times while their brain activity was measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Inside the fMRI scanner, participants were asked to think about sharing an article with a specific goal in mind: to either “help somebody”(use the article to relate positively to others) or to “describe yourself”(use the article to present yourself positively to others). As a control, participants were assigned the neutral “to spread information” goal.
“In all areas of life, people want to present themselves in a positive light or to relate positively to others,” Scholz says. “Our method encourages people to identify ways in which they can fulfill these motives through the sharing of health articles. If they are successful, they should be more likely to decide to share the article.”
After reading the headline and summary of a health-related article, participants were asked to consider what they might say or write to another study participant if they were to share the article with them, keeping in mind their assigned goal. Finally, participants rated their likelihood to share the article in real life.
Thinking about sharing in terms of how it might help someone else not only increased activation in brain regions associated with self-related thinking, value-related thinking, and social-related thinking(particularly mentalizing—the act of imagining what others are thinking), but also increased a person's self-reported willingness to share an article.
“I think we're only scratching the surface in terms of how you could encourage people to share high-quality health information,” Scholz says. “A health communicator might want to focus on being accurate and clear and not have to worry about whether their content is emotional to get clicks. We're trying to find ways to focus on the would-be sharer, to help them find personal meaning in sharing content that can benefit others and society.”
1. The purpose of Christin Scholz's study is to .
A. make her posts go viral on the Internet
B. encourage the spread of health information
C. identify the characteristics of shared messages
D. find out why people decide to share information
2. According to the passage, which is more likely to be shared
A. An article that is accurate and organized.
B. An article that contains information about brains.
C. An article that might be useful for some friends.
D. An article that contains debate-triggering information.
3. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most people tend to share posts when they are asked to.
B. People share healthy information to build positive self-images.
C. Researchers well understand how to encourage information sharing.
D. Deciding whether to share a post or not affects the activation inside our brain.
Passage 4(2023海淀期中,A) 主题 社会交往 词数 349
Nia's family moved often, finding shelter in rooms with relatives. Tensions rose with every move and shouting matches were constant. When everything came to a boil, Nia found it best to keep silent. She became more and more withdrawn as she got older, losing confidence in herself and her voice.
When she was a young adult, Nia had developed a fear of speaking. So when a friend told her about YouthCare's Tile Project, she was terrified. But Nia wanted to take steps to find a job and support herself. She finally took a deep breath and decided to give it a shot.
Nia signed up for a ceramics(陶瓷) class. The passion she gained for learning a new craft was clear—but when it came to group activities in the classroom, Nia struggled. She told staff that she didn't like being around people she didn't know. So when the class was given the opportunity to sell their artwork at a local fair, Nia hesitated. With the support from YouthCare Career Coordinator, Kate, she cautiously agreed.
When the big day came, shoppers poured into the fair, approaching Nia with questions about the program and art pieces for sale. Each time, Nia turned to Kate to whisper the answers in her ear, and Kate repeated the answers out loud. At one point during the fair, she was left alone for a moment. When a customer came up to ask a question, Nia answered with hesitation. Soon after, another visitor came. When Kate returned to her side, Nia fought back her fears and answered their questions on her own.
Nia's confidence grew with every interaction. By the end of the day, she was beaming. “I was so impressed by Nia. She really loved explaining to customers how to fire ceramics,” said Kate. “The artwork she sold was the biggest sale of the day!”
That day at the fair was life-changing for Nia. She discovered that she truly enjoyed talking to others—especially about art! With continued support from staff to build communication skills and confidence, Nia completed the Tile Project with flying colors.
1. What made Nia finally decide to try the project
A. Her family atmosphere. B. Her friend's persuasion.
C. Her desire to find a job. D. Her passion for ceramics.
2. The fair is life-changing for Nia because she .
A. discovered her true love for art
B. made the biggest sale in the fair
C. won the recognition of customers
D. gained confidence through interaction
3. What can we know about Nia
A. She was forced to the fair.
B. She did very well throughout the fair.
C. She finished the project successfully.
D. She was struggling in learning ceramics.
Passage 5(2023海淀期末,A) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 338
Best Gifts for Every Type of Mom
Do you want to reward Mom with New Year gifts Millions of products are offered online, but don't get scared away. We have done the work for you by selecting best gift ideas for every type of mom. Just click “Add to cart” to shower Mom with love.
Dainty Earrings—Best for the Jewelry Lover
Made from sterling silver, the earrings are lightweight and perfect for everyday wear. They're also ideal for anyone with sensitive ears. Among the 8,000 plus five-star reviewers, April Farmer confirms this, saying, “Just about every material irritates (刺激) my ears, but I have had these in for three months now—and no irritation, no color changing, or fading of silver. I can't even tell they are in!”
KS Lunch Bag—Best for the Working Mom
This in-disguise cooler bag will put a smile on Mom's face during lunch hour. With thousands of five-star reviewers, the fashionable and functional KS bag has an insulated lining (隔热的内衬) that helps keep food and beverages fresh, and an inside pocket that holds utensils. Plus, the soft, lightweight design makes it easy to bring anywhere.
Breville Express—Best for the Coffee Lover
Talk about a morning boost! If Mom is a true coffee lover, she's dreamed of owning a high-end espresso machine. Now you can make that dream a reality. The Breville Express, which has more than 14,000 five-star reviews, comes in either black or stainless steel surfaces and offers the same dose-controlled grinding (研磨) that's normally reserved for fancy coffee shops.
Beckham Pillows—Best for the One Who Needs a Good Night's Sleep
She deserves a peaceful night's rest after all the hard work she does every day, and she'll get just that with these Beckham Pillows. The set of two affordable cooling gel pillows is ideal for back, stomach and side sleepers. It offers much-needed temperature regulation that will keep her more comfortable than ever. It's a best seller with more than 126,000 five-star reviews, so it's pretty much a hit.
1. April Farmer's review indicates that Dainty Earrings are .
A. durable and fancy B. simple and unique
C. stylish and valuable D. light and skin-friendly
2. From the passage, we can know that .
A. Dainty Earrings are best for formal occasions
B. KS Lunch Bag is silver, portable and insulated
C. Breville Express features fine and quick grinding
D. Beckham Pillows suit different sleeping positions
3. Who is the passage intended for
A. Agencies selling products to moms. B. People seeking gifts for their moms.
C. Moms planning to reward themselves. D. Salesmen studying moms' preferences.
Passage 6(2023通州期末,A) 主题 公益事业与志愿服务 词数 314
One of the best ways to improve our communities is through volunteer work. According to a report from United Nations Volunteers, it is estimated that 140 million people volunteer in every nation and in a variety of settings. Forbes reports that research has shown that volunteering can greatly benefit volunteers. These benefits include an increased sense of productivity, the development of new skills, resume-building experience, improved physical health, and the emotional rewards that come with others appreciating you and your efforts. Here are some types for you in local communities.
Sports Volunteering
You don't need to be good at the sport in which you wish to volunteer. Some of the most important characteristics include enthusiasm and interest. Your sports organization should put you through any qualifications that you need to carry out your role. Most people volunteer on average two or three hours a week, but there are also opportunities to volunteer more or less often.
Support the Red Cross
The Red Cross is an organization that helps with disaster relief, blood donations, and more. Being a Red Cross volunteer provides experience in the medical field and allows you to help those in need. The Red Cross responds to disasters nationwide and helps communities recover. It may be difficult to see damaged communities, but you could have a part in assisting them to recover. In addition, you may meet new friends along the way.
Organize a Summer Reading Program
Summer reading programs are one way to keep children's reading skills active and their mind fresh during the whole summer vacation. Organizing a summer reading program is an excellent way to get kids to read a book, broaden their vocabulary, and learn something new. You can share your favorite books, offer prizes to children who meet their goals, and turn the program into a friendly competition, all while teaching children the importance of reading.
1. What requirements do you need to meet if you want to volunteer for sports
A. Be fond of sports. B. Follow the fixed schedule.
C. Have passed the qualification tests. D. Be good at various kinds of sports.
2. The summer reading program can help kids to .
A. share their favorite books
B. organize book reading competitions
C. review what they have learned in school
D. enrich their reading experience in summer
3. What is the main purpose of the passage
A. To help manage the local community.
B. To introduce the communities in need.
C. To introduce different volunteer programs.
D. To show the benefits of doing volunteer work.
Passage 7(2022东城二模,B)主题 跨文化沟通 · 词数 361
American Jake Pinnick comes from a small town called Kewanee.
Pinnick said when he told friends and family he wanted to go to the Wudang Daoist Traditional Kungfu Academy in China, the response was typical. “It's not a usual thing to say, but it is pretty normal for kids to want to get out of a place like Kewanee. Most kids say something like they want to move to Hollywood and become an actor,” said the 30-year-old. “When I first thought about it, it was daydreaming for myself, too.”
Once he found himself at the academy, Pinnick said fitting in was softened by other foreigners who were in the area and a part of the school. Getting used to the way of life was surprisingly easy given the peaceful nature to it. Pinnick said after a while, he found himself more at home in Wudang than he ever felt back home in Kewanee. Locals were more than welcoming and willing to engage.
“The culture shock wasn't that bad. Surprisingly, I find I have more of that going back to America now... Learning the language did take some time, but everyone around the school was familiar with foreigners, so we had a lot of fun speaking broken English and Chinese back and forth at the start.”
After he settled into a routine, Pinnick set about engaging himself in Chinese culture, including kung fu training. He was also attracted by the philosophical tradition most well-known for the idea of living in harmony with the universe.
Pinnick said he had to go home after the first six months and immediately wanted to return to China, feeling as if it had now become his home more than America, and he had begun a process of rewriting himself as a person overseas.
His life now goes around training, teaching and studying. He graduated from the academy in 2014 and still helps teach there.
Pinnick said the goal is to one day return to America and teach what he has learned. Looking back on his amazing journey, Pinnick said he has grown by leaps and bounds from a small-town American kid who had a daydream he could not shake.
1. What did Pinnick's family think of his idea of learning kung fu
A. Unrealistic. B. Creative.
C. Challenging. D. Disappointing.
2. What mainly helped Pinnick get used to the life in China
A. His fluent Chinese. B. The friendly local culture.
C. His peaceful nature. D. Other foreign teachers there.
3. What did Pinnick gain from his experience in China
A. A career choice. B. A large fortune.
C. A kung fu certificate. D. A good reputation.
七选五
Passage 1(2023朝阳期末) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 271
An apology can achieve great things for both the givers and the receivers although nobody likes to admit that they were wrong.
An apology is crucial to our physical health. When we acknowledge that we are wrongdoers and express our guilt to others, we will free ourselves from the uncomfortable state. This act feels like a weight on us has been lifted. 1. Research showed that heart rates, sweat levels and facial tension decreased in victims of wrongs even when they simply imagined receiving an apology.
Apologizing affects us not just physically, but also mentally. 2. When presented with an apology, the victims may view us as imperfect human beings and find it easier to give forgiveness. In a powerful piece in Psychology Today, writer Beverly Engel described how a simple “I'm sorry” from her mother, after being estranged from each other for three years, made her relieved emotionally. But let's be real, apologizing can be difficult.
3. We should recognize our action did hurt someone even if our intention may not have been so. Instead of making excuses for what we did, try to bear responsibility and offer a promise to take action so that we will not repeat the behavior in future. 4.
Of course, the most effective apologies often bring a cost to our dignity, since we have to admit that we are wrong in front of others or many people. 5. As is known, it is one of the most positive actions we can take when we do something wrong—for ourselves, the others, and the relationship. So, go ahead, apologize a little more often for the things worth apologizing for.
A. There are agreed-upon ways to express our apology to others.
B. It's a way of showing the price we paid for the wrong action.
C. A good apology affects the health of those on the receiving end, too.
D. But this can often be minor compared to the benefits of a proper apology.
E. This means we should take the blame and not try to justify it or explain it away.
F. Apologize for what you did rather than what other people might have thought about it.
G. It has the ability to disarm others of their anger and to prevent further misunderstandings.
Passage 2(2022朝阳二模) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 318
In recent years the term “social distancing” has been at the center of public conversation. But it's not “social” distance but physical separation that we are trying to promote. Preserving social ties—even at a distance—is essential for both mental and physical health.
1. Modern technology has provided us with many tools. Not all tools promote social connections equally, however. And often such seemingly small choices can make a big difference between strengthening stronger social connections and giving in to growing social distance.
2. When people overestimate the costs or underestimate the benefits of voice-based communication, it can create a misplaced bias (偏向) for text-based media. In one experiment, we tested whether the media through which people interact affect their sense of connection—and how expectations about certain technologies impact the communication media they choose to use. Although voice-based interactions (such as phone calls) can produce stronger connections, text-based media (such as e-mails) are often preferred.
We asked participants to connect with someone that they hadn't interacted with recently, either through e-mail or over the phone.3. They generally assumed that they'd feel more connected when interacting over the phone than over e-mail. But they also predicted that talking on the phone could be more uncomfortable than dashing off an e-mail. Although these participants believed that talking encouraged stronger bonds, most of them said they'd rather send an e-mail than call the person up. Fears about awkwardness push individuals toward text-based methods for communicating.
4. Then we followed up with them after they had done so. As expected, we found that people did form meaningfully stronger bonds when interacting over the phone than over e-mail. More importantly, though, there was no difference in the amount of discomfort when reconnecting on the phone. The human voice appears to provide benefits for connections.
Our work suggests that feelings of social connections are apparently facilitated by one's voice rather than their keyboard. 5.
A. So the next time you think about how best to connect, consider calling.
B. We again had participants actually connect using either e-mail or phone.
C. Participants first predicted what it would be like to get in touch in these two ways.
D. When they interact on the phone, they find they are more connected than in real life.
E. Those modes of communication are perfect choices at the time of physical distancing.
F. Then how might we best stay connected to others while maintaining physical distance
G. Decisions on how to connect tend to be based on expectations of potential pros and cons of the interaction.
阅读表达
Passage 1(2024届海淀期中) 主题 公益事业与志愿服务 词数 326
If you feel like you may be a people-pleaser, you're not alone. In today's highly-connected world, we have a growing obsession (痴迷) with being liked and needing to please others. People seek to please others for various reasons, including avoiding conflicts, securing feelings of being needed, and reducing fears of abandonment. And they are forced to use agreeableness as self-defense.
People-pleasing behavior can lead to mental and physical health problems such as fear of rejection, frustration, anger, addictions, headaches, stomach problems, and high blood pressure. It can also result in weak boundaries, problems with decision-making and dependency. Therefore, it's important to recognize and overcome your own people-pleasing behaviors. Here are some simple exercises that you can start working on today.
Learn to love your own company. Trust that people will not abandon you, even if you don't drop everything for them. Believing you are lovable for who you are, not what you do, means knowing that people will still be there for you even if you do not always search for ways to please them. Practice this by going to a movie or restaurant alone.
Value the plans made with yourself. They are as important as plans you make with other people. Otherwise, you are sending a message to your brain that a plan you make with yourself does not hold as much value. Don't break long-or short-term plans you make with yourself, whether it's going to the gym or studying for an exam.
Say “no” when necessary. If you're a people-pleaser, you may find it hard to say “no” because you feel it comes across as cruel or uncaring. But it absolutely does not have to. Be clear, be direct, and use “I” statements. Try statements like: “I would really love to be able to help you, but unfortunately, I'm already committed at that time.” By consistently integrating these strategies into your life, you'll break your people-pleasing habits and develop more healthy, interdependent relationships.
1. What is a people-pleaser like
2. Besides mental and physical problems, what other problems may a people-pleaser suffer from
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
If you don't want to be a people-pleaser, you should love being with others, value the plans made with yourself, and decline others' requests when necessary.
4. What do you think of the behavior of pleasing others (In about 40 words)
Passage 2(2023海淀期末) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 354
Engaging in meaningful conversations with others strengthens social bonds and boosts well-being far more than small talk does. Yet many people fear or even actively avoid intimate (亲密的) conversations, especially with those they don't know well. Why are we so unwilling to engage in an activity that could benefit us so acutely According to new research, it may be due to miscalculated expectations, and changing them could foster deeper connections.
In a series of studies published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, participants either engaged in “shallow” conversations (speaking, for example, about their sleep schedule or how often they get haircuts) or “deep” discussions (covering embarrassing moments or what they're grateful for). Before chatting, they predicted how awkward and uncomfortable the conversation would be, how close they would feel to their conversation partner afterward, and how much they would enjoy the interaction. Participants who consistently overestimated the awkwardness of the conversations also greatly underestimated how much they'd enjoy the more intimate conversations, as well as how close they'd feel to their partner.
The noticeable difference between participants' expectations and their actual experience seemed rooted in the assumption that conversation partners wouldn't care about the details of their lives. “We underestimate, essentially, how social others are,” explains study author Nicholas Epley, a psychologist at the University of Chicago.
Such an assumption could be a barrier to forming deeper connections with others, Epley believes. Yet participants appeared able to course-correct. When they were told ahead of time that it's common to underestimate how much strangers care about each other, they voluntarily steered the talks into deeper directions, potentially reaping the benefits of doing so.
A single reminder likely isn't enough to permanently change miscalculated assumptions, Epley warns. But making the effort to engage in just a few positive interactions could help someone mentally reset. “After having a meaningful conversation, people usually want to have another one,” he says. “But you can learn only from experiences that you have,” he adds. “If you think it will be unpleasant to talk to someone and therefore never try, you'll never find out that you were wrong.”
1. Why are people unwilling to get involved in intimate conversations
2. What could stop people forming deeper connections with others
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
A single reminder can permanently change our assumptions, but we still need to engage in positive interactions to help us mentally reset.
4. Do you prefer to have a “shallow” conversation or a “deep” discussion with strangers And give your reasons. (In about 40 words)
Passage 3(2023朝阳期末) 主题 跨文化沟通 词数 331
Building relationships and working successfully with people from different cultural backgrounds can seem like a major challenge. But you can enjoy the rewards, while keeping dissatisfaction to a minimum. The key to making them work is cultural competence. Essentially, cultural competence is defined as the ability to understand and interact effectively with people from different cultures.
Cultural competence is critical for everyone in today's modern world. Living and working in a culturally diverse environment sometimes comes with differences of opinion and tension. People with strong cultural competence can resolve these issues creatively, even if a solution seems impossible at first. What's more, thinking and caring about others with different experiences can bring out a sense of understanding. This helps to build trust between each other.
Cultural competence can be improved through training, education, and experience. Here are some simple tips to help you improve your cultural competence.
Assess yourself
The starting point is to understand your own cultural values and world view. Assess the current level of cultural competence in yourself and identify the knowledge, skills and resources that you want to acquire. This can give you an idea of your strengths and weaknesses in the area so that you can improve yourself in future.
Practice good manners
No matter whom you are dealing with, make sure that you are respecting others' backgrounds, boundaries and customs. Pay close attention to your communication and make sure that you're speaking to others in a kind and polite way.
Ask questions
When you don't understand something or want to know why someone has behaved in a certain way, simply ask. Asking questions stops you making unnecessary assumptions, and shows the questions you did not understand to them.
Keep in mind that developing cultural competence is not a one-shot enterprise. It takes time and practice. Whether you are in a classroom or on campus, cultural competence plays an important role in your daily environment. Recognizing and dealing with cultural differences will create a happier setting for everyone.
1. What is cultural competence according to the passage
2. Why is cultural competence important for people in intercultural environment
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
To improve our cultural competence, we should not only understand our strengths and weaknesses in this area, but also ask questions when we don't understand others' behaviors, even if we may speak in an impolite way.
4. Apart from the tips mentioned in the passage, what other way(s) can you think of to develop your cultural competence (In about 40 words)
Passage 4(2023东城期末) 主题 良好的人际关系与社会交往 词数 333
Crystal breathed in the sweet January air. It was a cold, sunny day. Sunlight shone between the branches and fell onto the street.
It was so quiet, this neighborhood. Wandering down the road at a leisurely pace, Crystal noticed an open curtain in the window of one neighbor. They were busily typing on their home network. Remote workers, obviously.
Crystal's glance shifted to a kid who had just come home from school. He looked down to the cell phone in his hand.
“Hey,kid!” Crystal waved.
The boy didn't raise his head, some game keeping his attention.
Crystal sighed and closed her eyes. It took her back to when she was a little girl back in the late 1980s. Neighbors knew each other by name then. Crystal's best friend Anne was the next door neighbor. They often played for hours using imaginary names for far-off places, pretending to be or do something they hoped someday they could be or do.
Nowadays, to pretend to be somewhere else, you could just click on some random program for a virtual reality video of Italy or Australia, and your wish was instantly satisfied. You could do that alone. And if you needed a person to chat with, you could pick a random person in your interest group online.
“You don't need neighbors anymore,” Crystal commented to herself.
And yet, there is so much that can be missed for the simpler times. Those who grow up not knowing the invisible person-to-person simplicity of being a good neighbor, have missed an entire piece in their maturity. It's not about personal space. It's about being there for another person. How could a metal chip replace a life Crystal could never understand.
As she turned onto her home sidewalk, she noticed a little girl about 5 years old looking confused and afraid. There was no coat on her thin arms. Must be some neighbor's girl. Crystal was very concerned. Where were her parents
“Are you alright, honey ” Crystal asked.
1. Why did the boy give no response to Crystal
2. What did Crystal do with her next door neighbor in her childhood
3. Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
Crystal believed that technology advanced and the relationship with neighbors mattered less than before.
4. What do you think the relationship between neighbors should be like nowadays (In about 40 words)
书面表达
Writing(2024届朝阳期中) 主题 跨文化沟通
假如你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校国际部交换生Jim正在策划一次“中西文化交流”活动,作为好友,他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复,内容包括:
1. 活动形式;
2. 活动内容。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
人与社会
主题群三 社会服务与人际沟通
五年高考
完形填空
Cloze(2019北京) 主题 公益事业 词数 250
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 1 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 2 his car to the young people, Wilson has 3 an astonishing 64,000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 4 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he's 5 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they've also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 6 call him “Grandpa”.
Tina Stern 7 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 8 .“It's not just a ride;you're not just sitting there in 9 silence or with your headphones on,” Stern said.“He asks you questions and actually 10 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he'll 11 those things.”
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation, On Point for College. Although the 12 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 13 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to 14 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 15 to buy them a meal.
For many students, Wilson's help is not only appreciated, it's also entirely 16 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don't have a reliable car, while others have to 17 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 18 them to complete their education—but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 19 .“I just love driving, and I love these kids,” Wilson said. “It's such a(n) 20 to be a part of these kids' lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.”
1. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing
2. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering
3. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered
4. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. conversations
5. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. greeted
6. A. even B. ever C. once D. already
7. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded
8. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication
9. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious
10. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers
11. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
12. A. club B. league C. college D. programme
13. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards
14. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warn
15. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates
16. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate
17. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange
18. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced
19. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment
20. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience
答案
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C
12. D 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. C
阅读理解
Passage 1(2021北京,B) 主题 志愿服务 词数 339
I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our semester (学期) project of volunteering at a non-profit organization. When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help, my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children (OIC). My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind.
